Search results for " Drugs"

showing 10 items of 495 documents

Dental stem cell signaling pathway activation in response to hydraulic calcium silicate-based endodontic cements: A systematic review of in vitro stu…

2020

Abstract Objective To present a qualitative synthesis of in vitro studies which analyzed human dental stem cell (DSC) molecular signaling pathway activation in response to hydraulic calcium silicate-based cements (HCSCs). Methods A systematic electronic search was performed in Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and SciELO databases on January 20 and last updated on March 20, 2020. In vitro studies assessing the implication of signaling pathways in activity related marker (gene/protein) expression and mineralization induced by HCSCs in contact with human DSCs were included. Results The search identified 277 preliminary results. After discarding duplicates, and screening of titles, abstr…

MAPK/ERK pathwayMaterials scienceCellDental CementsBiocompatible Materials02 engineering and technologySMADBiological FactorsDental Materials03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCa2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseMedicine and Health SciencesmedicineHumansdental stem cellsGeneral Materials ScienceGeneral DentistryBiomedical and Dental MaterialsFOS: Clinical medicineSilicatesStem CellsIn vitro toxicologyWnt signaling pathwayEndodontics and Endodontologycalcium silicate-based cementsin vitroOxides030206 dentistryCalcium Compoundsbiomineralization021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologysignaling pathwaysChemicals and DrugsCell biologyDrug Combinationsmedicine.anatomical_structurebioactivityMechanics of MaterialsDentistryStem cellSignal transduction0210 nano-technologySignal TransductionDental Materials
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Multiple actions of fenamates and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on GABAA receptors

2019

The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) niflumic acid, a fenamate in structure, has many molecular targets, one of them being specific subtypes of the main inhibitory ligand-gated anion channel, the GABA(A) receptor. Here, we report on the effects of other fenamates and other classes of NSAIDs on brain picrotoxinin-sensitive GABA A receptors, using an autoradiographic assay with [S-35]TBPS as a ligand on mouse brain sections. We found that the other fenamates studied (flufenamic acid, meclofenamic acid, mefenamic acid and tolfenamic acid) affected the autoradiographic signal at low micromolar concentrations in a facilitatory-like allosteric fashion, i.e., without having affinity to …

MECHANISM0301 basic medicineNSAID drugsMefenamic acidAllosteric regulationPharmacologyBINDING-SITESGABA03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineTolfenamic acidNiflumic acidmedicineSHIFTMODULATIONReceptorXenopus oocytesAGENTPharmacologyChemistryGABAA receptorNiflumic acidANION GRADIENTA RECEPTORSSUBUNITS3. Good healthMeclofenamic acidFenamates030104 developmental biologyFlufenamic acid317 PharmacyACIDAutoradiography030217 neurology & neurosurgeryRecombinant GABA(A) receptorsRESPONSESmedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Pharmacology
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Clinical practice format for choosing a second-line disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug in early rheumatoid arthritis after failure of 6 months' fi…

2006

International audience; BACKGROUND: The objective was to develop a clinical practice format for choosing a second-line disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) after a 6-month course of a first-line DMARD in patients with early RA. METHODS: A panel of 34 experts selected treatment option from various scenarios using the Thurstone pairwise method. The experts had to choose between two proposed DMARDs without proposing other options. The scenarios were obtained using the three items: DAS28, rheumatoid factor status and radiographic structural damage. A sample of 240 among 480 scenarios for each expert was taken at random. Responses given by at least 20% of the experts were considered per…

MESH: Antirheumatic AgentsMESH: Treatment FailureDiseaseReceptors Tumor Necrosis FactorEtanerceptArthritis Rheumatoid0302 clinical medicineMESH: Practice Guidelines as Topic030212 general & internal medicineTreatment Failureskin and connective tissue diseasesMESH: Immunoglobulin GMESH: Arthritis RheumatoidAnti rheumatic drugs3. Good healthClinical PracticeMESH: Methotrexate[SDV.MHEP.RSOA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal systemRheumatoid arthritisAntirheumatic AgentsPractice Guidelines as TopicDrug Therapy CombinationLeflunomidemusculoskeletal diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtyMESH: Rheumatoid FactorFirst lineMESH: Drug Administration ScheduleDrug Administration ScheduleDecision Support Techniques03 medical and health sciencesRheumatologyRheumatoid FactorDmard therapymedicineRheumatoid factorHumansIntensive care medicine030203 arthritis & rheumatologyMESH: HumansMESH: Sulfasalazinebusiness.industryMESH: Biological MarkersMESH: Decision Support TechniquesEarly rheumatoid arthritisIsoxazolesmedicine.diseaseMESH: Receptors Tumor Necrosis FactorRadiographySulfasalazineMESH: Drug Therapy CombinationMethotrexateMESH: IsoxazolesImmunoglobulin GPhysical therapybusinessBiomarkersJoint bone spine
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LC–MS–MS metodes izstrāde četru pirmās izvēles prettuberkulozes zāļu vielu un to galveno metabolītu noteikšanai cilvēka asins plazmā

2020

Darbā apkopota literatūra par esošajām prettuberkulozes zāļu vielu un to metabolītu LC–MS–MS noteikšanas metodēm, raksturotas paraugu sagatavošanas un hromatogrāfisko metožu pielietošanas iespējas. Darba gaitā eksperimentāli pārbaudītas dažādas paraugu sagatavošanas un hromatogrāfiskās noteikšanas metodes, izstrādāta un validēta metode četru pirmās izvēles prettuberkulozes zāļu vielu un to galveno metabolītu noteikšanai cilvēka asins plazmā. Izstrādātās metodes veiktspēju pārbaudīja, analizējot klīniskos paraugus (n=12).

METABOLĪTILC–MS–MSANTI–TUBERCULOSIS DRUGSPRETTUBERKULOZES ZĀĻU VIELASMETABOLITESĶīmija
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Macromolecular Prodrugs Based on Synthetic Polyaminoacids: Drug Delivery and Drug Targeting in Antitumor Therapy

2011

In the last twenty years a depth study on potential pharmaceutical applications of synthetic polymers at proteinlike structure as carrier for macromolecular prodrug production has been performed in academia and in industry. In particular α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-DL-aspartamide (PHEA), α,β-polyaspartylhydrazide (PAHy), poly(glutamic acid) (PGA), poly(aspartic acid) (PAA) and polylysine (PLL) have been extensively studied in this field. In the present review, the use of PHEA, PAHy, PGA as starting materials to prepare macromolecular prodrugs is reported and drug delivery and targeting aspects have been considered.

Macromolecular prodrugsStereochemistryMacromolecular SubstancesAntineoplastic AgentsGeneral MedicineGlutamic acidCombinatorial chemistryAntitumor therapyαβ-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-DL-aspartamideαβ-polyaspartylhydrazide poly(glutamic acid) carrierchemistry.chemical_compoundanticancer drugsDrug Delivery SystemschemistryTargeted drug deliverySettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico ApplicativoPolylysineDrug DiscoveryAspartic acidDrug deliveryAnimalsHumansProdrugsAmino Acids
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Loss of spatial learning in a patient with topographical disorientation in new environments

2003

The case is described of a patient who, following cerebral hypoxia, developed severe difficulty in orienting himself in new environments in the context of a mild global amnesic syndrome. Some episodes he related suggested that his main difficulty was remembering the spatial/directional value of landmarks he recognised. A neuroradiological examination documented severe bilateral atrophy of the hippocampi associated with atrophic changes in the cerebral hemispheres, most marked in the dorsal regions. Neuropsychological and experimental evaluation showed a severe deficit of spatial learning with substantially preserved ability to learn verbal and visual-object information. He was also virtuall…

Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maze Learning; Orientation; Amnesia Anterograde; Heroin; Hippocampus; Humans; Hypoxia Brain; Confusion; Narcotics; Parietal Lobe; Memory Disorders; Frontal Lobe; Temporal Lobe; Street Drugs; Adult; Neuropsychological Tests; MaleMaleNeuropsychological TestsHippocampusParietal LobeHypoxia BrainConfusionHypoxiamedicine.diagnostic_testNeuropsychologyBrainStreet DrugNeuropsychological testMagnetic Resonance ImagingTemporal LobeFrontal LobePsychiatry and Mental healthNarcoticNeuropsychological TestSettore MED/26 - Neurologiamedicine.symptomPsychologyHumanMemory DisorderCognitive psychologyPaperAdultNarcoticsStreet DrugsAmnesiaHippocampuAnterogradeOrientationmedicineHumansMemory disorderMaze LearningSensory cueSpatial analysisMemory DisordersSettore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia FisiologicaIllicit DrugsTopographical disorientationmedicine.diseaseAmnesia AnterogradeHeroinAdult; Amnesia Anterograde; Confusion; Frontal Lobe; Heroin; Hippocampus; Humans; Hypoxia Brain; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Narcotics; Neuropsychological Tests; Orientation; Parietal Lobe; Street Drugs; Temporal LobeSpatial learningSurgeryNeurology (clinical)AmnesiaNeuroscience
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Unexpected identification and characterization of a cathinone precursor in the new psychoactive substance market: 3',4'-methylenedioxy-2,2-dibromobut…

2019

Abstract 3′,4′-methylenedioxy-2,2-dibromobutyrophenone has been identified and fully characterized in a sample obtained from an anonymous consumer acquired as ketamine through the Internet market. The substance has been deeply characterized by using standard and high performance analytical techniques such as: attenuated total reflectance-infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, high-resolution mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance, including 1H, 13C, distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer, two dimensional homonuclear 1H-1H correlation spectroscopy, and 1H-13C heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectra. 3′,4′-methylenedio…

Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyCathinonePyrovaleroneMass spectrometry01 natural sciencesMethylenedioxyGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryPathology and Forensic MedicineDesigner Drugs03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineAlkaloidsSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredmedicineOrganic chemistryHumans030216 legal & forensic medicineInternetPsychotropic DrugsIllicit Drugs010401 analytical chemistryButyrophenones0104 chemical sciencesHeteronuclear moleculechemistryCounterfeit DrugsPentyloneAmine gas treatingKetamineLawTwo-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopymedicine.drugChromatography LiquidForensic science international
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Abilities of berberine and chemically modified berberines to inhibit proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells.

2018

Berberine (BBR) is a common nutraceutical consumed by millions worldwide. BBR has many different effects on human health, e.g., diabetes, diarrhea, inflammation and now more recently it has been proposed to have potent anti-cancer effects. BBR has been shown to suppress the growth of cancer cells more than normal cells. BBR has been proposed to exert its growth-inhibitory effects by many different biochemical mechanisms including: suppression of cell cycle progression, induction of reactive oxygen species, induction of apoptosis and autophagy and interactions with DNA potentially leading to DNA damage, and altered gene expression. Pancreatic cancer is a leading cancer worldwide associated w…

Male0301 basic medicineCancer ResearchSettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaBerberineDNA damagePopulationSignal transduction inhibitorsApoptosisInflammation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCell Line TumorPancreatic cancerGeneticsmedicineHumanseducationChemotherapeutic drugMolecular BiologySignal transduction inhibitorAgededucation.field_of_studybusiness.industryCell CycleAutophagyCancerPDACDNA Neoplasmmedicine.diseaseGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticPancreatic Neoplasms030104 developmental biologyApoptosis030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCancer cellCancer researchMolecular MedicineChemotherapeutic drugsmedicine.symptombusinessDNA DamageSignal Transduction
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Effects of tetrahydrocannabinol on glucose uptake in the rat brain

2017

Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the psychoactive component of the plant Cannabis sativa and acts as a partial agonist at cannabinoid type 1 and type 2 receptors in the brain. The goal of this study was to assess the effect of THC on the cerebral glucose uptake in the rat brain. 21 male Sprague Dawley rats (12-13 w) were examined and received five different doses of THC ranging from 0.01 to 1 mg/kg. For data acquisition a Focus 120 small animal PET scanner was used and 24.1-28.0 MBq of [18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose were injected. The data were acquired for 70 min and arterial blood samples were collected throughout the scan. THC, THC-OH and THC-COOH were determined at 55 min p.i. Nine volu…

Male0301 basic medicineCannabinoid receptormedicine.medical_treatmentGlucose uptakeStimulationPharmacologyPartial agonistRats Sprague-Dawley03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineFluorodeoxyglucose F18Tandem Mass Spectrometrymental disordersmedicineAnimalsDronabinolTetrahydrocannabinolCannabinoid Receptor AgonistsPharmacologyBrain MappingPsychotropic DrugsDose-Response Relationship DrugChemistryorganic chemicalsBrainGlucose030104 developmental biologyPositron-Emission TomographyCerebellar cortexArterial bloodCannabinoidRadiopharmaceuticals030217 neurology & neurosurgeryChromatography Liquidmedicine.drugNeuropharmacology
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A moderate diet restriction during pregnancy alters the levels of endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid-related lipids in the hypothalamus, hippocampu…

2017

Existe para su consulta material suplementario aportado por el editor. Undernutrition during pregnancy has been associated to increased vulnerability to develop metabolic and behavior alterations later in life. The endocannabinoid system might play an important role in these processes. Therefore, we investigated the effects of a moderate maternal calorie-restricted diet on the levels of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), arachidonic acid (AA) and the N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) anandamide (AEA), oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) in the brain of newborn rat offspring. We focused on brain structures involved in metabolism, feeding behavior, as well as em…

Male0301 basic medicineLitter (animal)Desnutrición:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Olfactory Pathways::Olfactory Bulb [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Animal Population Groups::Animals Newborn [Medical Subject Headings]Ácido Araquidónicolcsh:MedicineHippocampusBiochemistry:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Anthropometry::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight::Birth Weight [Medical Subject Headings]Oleoylethanolamidechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinePregnancyMedicine and Health Sciences:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Rats::Rats Wistar [Medical Subject Headings]MasculinoPeso al nacerlcsh:Science:Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Processes::Reproduction::Pregnancy [Medical Subject Headings]MultidisciplinaryFemeninoBrainNeurochemistryPlantsLegumesLipidsOlfactory BulbEndocannabinoid systemEndocannabinoidesEncéfaloHypothalamusEmocionesFemalelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Restricción calóricaNeurochemicalsAnatomy:Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Nutrition Disorders::Malnutrition [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Fatty Acids Unsaturated::Arachidonic Acids [Medical Subject Headings]Research ArticleBulbo olfatoriomedicine.medical_specialtyEmbarazoAnimales recién nacidos:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet::Energy Intake::Caloric Restriction [Medical Subject Headings]OffspringHypothalamus:Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings]Biology03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineHipocampomedicineAnimals:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hippocampus [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Endocannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]Rats WistarCaloric RestrictionNutritionPregnancyPalmitoylethanolamideCognición:Psychiatry and Psychology::Psychological Phenomena and Processes::Mental Processes::Cognition [Medical Subject Headings]Ratas wistarlcsh:RMalnutritionOrganismsPeasBiology and Life Sciences:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hypothalamus [Medical Subject Headings]Lipid Metabolismmedicine.diseaseRatsDietOlfactory bulb030104 developmental biologyEndocrinology:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Animals Newbornnervous systemchemistry:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Emotions [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:QHipotálamo030217 neurology & neurosurgeryEndocannabinoidsNeurosciencePLOS ONE
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