Search results for " Forensic"
showing 10 items of 1486 documents
Molecular evolution and complete genome sequences in forensic analysis: Neisseria gonorrhoeae in a transmission case
2019
Molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic analyses are frequently used in the investigation of viral transmission cases in forensic contexts. Here, we present the methods and results of the analysis of a bacterial transmission in an alleged child abuse case using complete genome sequences obtained by high-throughput sequencing (HTS) methods.
Child-rearing and child abuse antecedents of criminality
1999
A number of studies reviewed here show that those who are exposed to negative child-rearing practices varying from punitive and lax parenting to severe punishment and abuse in childhood tend to be antisocial, aggressive and commit violent crimes later in life. Both the record approach (Widom) studying later outcomes among abused children and the retrospective approach (Lewis) studying violent childhood experiences among offenders provide support for the violence breeds violence hypothesis. It appears clear that punishment in child-rearing increases the risk for maladaptive developmental outcomes but that the mechanism explaining the link between negative parenting and later maladjustment is…
Retrospective reports of childhood abuse and neglect among violent and property offenders
1997
Abstract Childhood abuse and neglect may increase the risk for later antisocial and criminal behavior, especially violent behavior. The objective of this study was retrospectively to compare childhood abuse and neglect experiences in the groups of Violent and Property offenders. The sample consisted of 34 recidivist inmates with the mean age of 26.9 years. The findings showed that physical, psychological, and sexual abuse and neglect was experienced by 82%, 97%, 3% and 94% of the offenders, respectively. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of abuse or neglect between the Violent and Property offenders. Neither were the groups differentiated by any combination of the abus…
Emotional Intelligence in Child Molesters
2020
Various studies have examined intelligent quotients (IQs) in samples of pedophiles and child molesters. However, intelligence is not a monolithic construct; rather, it is made up of different dimen...
Effects of adenotonsillectomy on neurocognitive and behavioural function in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
2018
Effects of adenotonsillectomy on neurocognitive and behavioural function in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Objectives: Aim of this study is to verify the presence of neurocognitive, neurobehavioral or sleep disturbances in children affected by adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) and verify their improvement after Adeno-Tonsillectomy (AT). Methods: Eighty children suffering from adenotonsillar hypertrophy and OSAS were recruited for AT in the ENT Department of the University of Palermo. All the children underwent clinical evaluation, including rhinofibroscopy for grading the obstruction due to the adenotonsillar hypertrophy (before and 6 …
Comparative analysis of short tandem repeats and single nucleotide polymorphisms on the Y-chromosome in Germans, Chinese and Thais.
2003
We have typed genomic DNA samples from 95 individuals from Western Germany, 78 individuals from Bangkok/Thailand and 56 individuals from Chengdu/China for 11 Y-chromosomal diallelic polymorphisms and eight short tandem repeat (STR) systems. For single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis, a rapid method was applied using the single base extension technology (minisequencing) in combination with capillary electrophoresis. PCR products for SRY-8299, Tat, SRY2627, 92R7, SRY1532, M9, M13, M17/M19 and M20 were pooled and used as templates for the commercially available SNaPshot kit. In addition to these ten SNPs we also tested the Y-chromosomal diallelic Alu repeat insertion DYS287 (YAP) by aga…
Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/KDM1A/AOF2/BHC110) is expressed and is an epigenetic drug target in chondrosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma…
2011
Summary Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (GeneID 23028), a flavin-dependent monoamine oxidoreductase and a histone demethylase, serves as an epigenetic coregulator of transcription. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 is up-regulated in neuroblastoma and in bladder, breast, colorectal, gastric, lung, and neuroendocrine cancers, and its overexpression drives the cell cycle of otherwise nontransformed human cells, suggesting oncogenic properties. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 was recently reported to be also overexpressed in several different mesenchymal tumors. We investigated lysine-specific demethylase 1 expression in over 500 sarcomas by gene expression profiling and tissue microarray-coupled immu…
Accuracy, Reliability, and Safety of Luminol in Bloodstain Investigation
2002
ABSTRACTThe reliability of luminol as a presumptive test reagent was studied in this work. The possibility of obtaining a false negative subsequent to contamination of the test specimen was determined. The behavior of luminol with respect to a contaminant was compared to other reagents used in similar tests. Following an analysis of the test results, other test sensitivity, and safety data, it was concluded that luminol is a more reliable reagent than others due to a higher improbability of producing false positives and false negatives, apart from being safer than other substances. It should, therefore, be considered as a “preferable” or “first choice” reagent for use in presumptive tests.
Genetic data of 10 X-STRs in a Spanish population sample
2007
In this work, we present population genetic data of 10 X-chromosome STRs (DXS8378, DXS9898, DXS8377, HPRTB, GATA172D05, DXS7423, DXS6809, DXS7132, DXS101 and DXS6789) obtained from sample of 145 unrelated female individuals belonging to Valencia (Spain), a region located in the east of the Iberian Peninsula. All the markers studied present high genetic diversities, similar to those previously reported in other European population samples. No deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed, with the exception of DXS101 locus. Allele frequencies and parameters of forensic interest for each X-STR were calculated. High mean exclusion chance and power of discrimination values were obtai…
Novel Immunologic Approaches to Melanoma Treatment
2017
Approaches to treating melanoma have changed radically since the introduction of immunotherapy, and survival figures are now higher than possible with earlier therapies. The immunomodulators currently available mainly block CTLA-4 (cytotoxicT lymphocyte-associated molecule-4) and PD-1 (programed cell death protein 1) translocated to the cell surface, where they inhibit the antitumor immune response. Treatments blocking these molecules are being more widely used. Research now seeks new molecular targets, the best combinations of available drugs, and biomarkers that can identify ideal candidates for each one.