Search results for " GAP"

showing 10 items of 811 documents

Electron delocalization in mixed-valence Keggin polyoxometalates. Ab initio calculation of the local effective transfer integrals and its consequence…

2002

We present a quantitative evaluation of the influence of the electron transfer on the magnetic properties of mixed-valence polyoxometalates reduced by two electrons. For that purpose, we extract from valence-spectroscopy ab initio calculations on embedded fragments the value of the transfer integrals between W nearest-neighbor atoms in a mixed-valence alphaPW(12)O(40) polyoxowolframate Keggin anion. In contradiction with what is usually assumed, we show that the electron transfer between edge-sharing and corner-sharing WO(6) octahedra have very close values. Considering fragments of various ranges, we analyze the accuracy of calculations on fragments based on only two WO(5) pyramids which s…

Band gapelectron delocalizationAb initioElectronic structureElectron010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryMolecular physicsCatalysisIonElectron transferColloid and Surface ChemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsComputational chemistrypolyoxometalesmixed-valenceValence (chemistry)010405 organic chemistryChemistryGeneral MedicineGeneral ChemistryConfiguration interaction0104 chemical sciencesmagnetismDiamagnetism[PHYS.COND.CM-SCE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Strongly Correlated Electrons [cond-mat.str-el]
researchProduct

Effect of pressure on structural properties and energy band gaps of γ-InSe

2003

We have investigated theoretically the effect of hydrostatic pressure on interatomic bond lengths and energy band gaps of γ-InSe. Total energy calculations were performed using the linear augmented plane wave (LAPW) method, taking into account scalar relativistic corrections as well as spin-orbit coupling. Internal structural parameters were optimized for different pressures by adopting as input the unit cell parameters known from experiment. Our theoretical results for the nearest-neighbor In-Se bond length are in excellent agreement with a recent experimental determination from high-pressure EXAFS measurements. The covalent In-In bond is found to be more compressible than the partially io…

Bond lengthCondensed matter physicsChemical bondBand gapChemistryHydrostatic pressurePlane waveIonic bondingCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic band structurePressure coefficientElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsphysica status solidi (b)
researchProduct

Effects of Carbon-sp3 Bridging on the Electronic Properties of Oligothiophenes

1999

Abstract The electronic properties of rigidified, carbon sp 3 -bridged bithiophenes and terthiophenes have been investigated using density functional theory calculations, sp 3 Bridging has no effect on the bandgap other than that associated to the planarization of the system. Rigidification significantly improves the ability of oligothiophenes as electron donors but diminishes their electron accepting capacity. Grafting of substituents at the sp 3 bridging carbon slightly modifies the electronic properties.

Bridging (networking)Materials scienceBand gapMechanical EngineeringMetals and AlloysElectronic structureElectronCondensed Matter PhysicsPhotochemistryElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMechanics of MaterialsComputational chemistryChemical-mechanical planarizationMaterials ChemistryDensity functional theoryElectronic propertiesSynthetic Metals
researchProduct

Nonlinear pressure dependence of the direct band gap in adamantine ordered-vacancy compounds

2010

A strong nonlinear pressure dependence of the optical absorption edge has been measured in defect chalcopyrites CdGa{sub 2}Se{sub 4} and HgGa{sub 2}Se{sub 4}. The behavior is due to the nonlinear pressure dependence of the direct band-gap energy in these compounds as confirmed by ab initio calculations. Our calculations for CdGa{sub 2}Se{sub 4}, HgGa{sub 2}Se{sub 4} and monoclinic {beta}-Ga{sub 2}Se{sub 3} provide evidence that the nonlinear pressure dependence of the direct band-gap energy is a general feature of adamantine ordered-vacancy compounds irrespective of their composition and crystalline structure. The nonlinear behavior is due to a conduction band anticrossing at the {Gamma} po…

Brillouin zoneMaterials scienceAbsorption edgeCondensed matter physicsAb initio quantum chemistry methodsVacancy defectDirect and indirect band gapsAbsorption (logic)Crystal structureCondensed Matter PhysicsEnergy (signal processing)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhysical Review B
researchProduct

Phoxonic Hybrid Superlattice

2015

We studied experimentally and theoretically the direction-dependent elastic and electromagnetic wave propagation in a supported film of hybrid PMMA (poly[methyl-methacrylate])-TiO2 superlattice (SL). In the direction normal to the layers, this one-dimensional periodic structure opens propagation band gaps for both hypersonic (GHz) phonons and near-UV photons. The high mismatch of elastic and optical impedance results in a large dual phoxonic band gap. The presence of defects inherent to the spin-coating fabrication technique is sensitively manifested in the band gap region. Utilizing Brillouin light scattering, phonon propagation along the layers was observed to be distinctly different from…

Brillouin zonePhotonMaterials scienceBrillouin SpectroscopyWave propagationbusiness.industryBand gapPhononSuperlatticeOptoelectronicsGeneral Materials SciencebusinessLight scatteringACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
researchProduct

Analysis of Profiles of Family Educational Situations during COVID-19 Lockdown in the Valencian Community (Spain)

2022

Due to the pandemic (COVID-19), the education system in Spain was forced to close for three months, creating an unprecedented situation: improvised distance schooling. Family characteristics and their life situations with Information and Communication Technology use would be aspects to be studied as educational conditioning factors. This paper presents the ways in which a representative sample of families in the Valencian Community (Spain) assumed the education of their children during the lockdown. Mixed methods (quantitative -surveys-/qualitative -focus groups-) are used. Multivariate profiles are studied (k-means cluster) that summarise the life circumstances, represented by composite in…

COVID-19; school at home; inequality gaps; teaching methodology; family participation; ICTTecnologia de la informacióGeneral Social SciencesFamília i escolaVirusEnsenyament
researchProduct

Evaluation of Small Vase and Y-trellis Orchard Systems for Peach and Nectarine Production in Mediterranean Regions

2015

Two peach planting systems, Small Vase (SV) and Y-trellis (Y), were evaluated and compared in the Mediterranean settings of Southern Italy. The two orchards were located next to each other on relatively uniform soil and terrain, and the observations included two peach (‘Rich May’ and ‘Summer Rich’) and two nectarine (‘Big Bang’ and ‘Nectaross’) cultivars. In the SV system, trees were spaced at 4.5 A— 2.5 m (888 trees/ha), whereas in the Y system, trees were spaced at 5.5 A— 2 m (909 trees/ha) and no canopy gap was left between rows. Yield per tree; fruit size grade; unit price of sold peaches for each size grade; materials, labor and associated costs for cultural management;…

CanopyCrop yieldfixed costs fruit size management labor profit Prunus persica training system yieldYield gapSowingTrellis (architecture)HorticultureSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeHorticultureYield (wine)CultivarOrchardMathematics
researchProduct

Plasma Hyperosmolality Prolongs QTc Interval and Increases Risk for Atrial Fibrillation in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients

2020

Introduction: Hyperosmotic therapy with mannitol is frequently used for treatment cerebral edema, and 320 mOsm/kg H2O has been recommended as a high limit for therapeutic plasma osmolality. However, plasma hyperosmolality may impair cardiac function, increasing the risk of cardiac events. The aim of this study was to analyze the relation between changes in plasma osmolality and electrocardiographic variables and cardiac arrhythmia in patients treated for isolated traumatic brain injury (iTBI). Methods: Adult iTBI patients requiring mannitol infusion following cerebral edema, and with a Glasgow Coma Score below 8, were included. Plasma osmolality was measured with Osmometr 800 CLG. Spatial Q…

Cardiac function curvemedicine.medical_specialtyTraumatic brain injuryosmolar gapelectrocardiographylcsh:Medicine030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyQT intervalArticleCerebral edema03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicinemedicine030212 general & internal medicinecardiovascular diseasesbusiness.industrytraumatic brain injurylcsh:RGlasgow Coma ScaleCardiac arrhythmiaAtrial fibrillationGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseplasma osmolalityPlasma osmolalitycardiac arrhythmiasCardiologycardiovascular systembusinessJournal of Clinical Medicine
researchProduct

Ab initio modelling of the effects of varying Zr (Ti) concentrations on the atomic and electronic properties of stoichiometric PZT solid solutions

2017

Abstract Lead zirconate titanate Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3 solid solution is considered as one of the most advanced ferroelectric and piezoelectric materials. Consequent variation of Zr (Ti) concentrations significantly affects the atomic and electronic properties of PZT structures. To perform ab initio modelling of different morphologies for lead zirconate titanate, we are using approach of hybrid density functional B3PW as implemented in CRYSTAL14 computer code. In this study, we are performing large-scale calculations of such PZT parameters as optimized lattice constants, atomic charges and bond populations, as well as band structure (e.g., band gap) and density of states.

ChemistryBand gapAb initioAnalytical chemistry02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsLead zirconate titanate01 natural sciencesBiochemistryFerroelectricityComputer Science::OtherCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundLattice constantComputational chemistry0103 physical sciencesDensity of statesPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyElectronic band structureSolid solutionComputational and Theoretical Chemistry
researchProduct

Ab initio study of the electronic and atomic structure of the wolframite-type ZnWO4

2009

Abstract Ab initio quantum chemistry calculations of the structural and electronic properties of monoclinic wolframite-type ZnWO 4 crystal have been performed within the periodic linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) method using six different Hamiltonians, based on density functional theory (DFT) and hybrid Hartree-Fock-DFT theory. The obtained results for optimized structural parameters, band gap and partial density of states are compared with available experimental data, and the best agreement is observed for hybrid Hamiltonians. The calculations show that zinc tungstate is a wide band gap material, with the direct gap about 4.6 eV, whose valence band has largely O 2p character, w…

ChemistryBand gapAb initioGeneral ChemistryElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsQuantum chemistryLinear combination of atomic orbitalsAb initio quantum chemistry methodsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMaterials ChemistryDensity functional theoryAtomic physicsMonoclinic crystal systemSolid State Communications
researchProduct