Search results for " GAP"

showing 10 items of 811 documents

Modelling and analysis of the influence of solar spectrum on the efficiency of photovoltaic modules

2021

Abstract The article presents the influence of changes in the solar radiation spectrum distribution on the properties of various photovoltaic modules, with particular emphasis on the scattered component. We compared the relative efficiency of the photovoltaic modules based on various semiconductor absorbers during bright and sunny, and cloudy summer days. Additionally, we presented the impact of the module tilt angle on the magnitude of the surface incident scattered component and on the efficiency of the module. The solar spectra for various weather conditions were estimated using specialised computer programmes,such as SolarSpectrum or SMARTS2, and we present here the validation results f…

Materials scienceSpectral power distributionSolar spectrabusiness.industryElectromagnetic spectrumPerformance020209 energyPhotovoltaic systemEmphasis (telecommunications)Band gap design02 engineering and technologyTK1-9971General EnergyEfficiencyOpticsSemiconductor020401 chemical engineeringSolar radiation0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringLate afternoonEnvironmental effectElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering0204 chemical engineeringbusinessEnergy Reports
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Structural, electrical and optical characteristics of Al-doped zinc oxide thin films deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering

2013

ZnO:Al (AZO) thin films on glass were deposited by DC reactive magnetron sputtering at approximately 300°C substrate temperature. Structural, electrical and optical properties were investigated as a function of oxygen flow. XRD data shows that AZO thin films are polycrystalline with pronounced c-axis orientation and the grain size increasing with the oxygen flow. The lowest achieved resistivity within the deposited set of samples was 7.6·10 -4 Ωcm. The transmittance of AZO films was above 80 % at 550 nm with the optical band gap between 3.4 and 3.8 eV.

Materials scienceSputteringBand gapElectrical resistivity and conductivityDopingAnalytical chemistryTransmittanceSubstrate (electronics)CrystalliteThin filmIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Room temperature vacuum-deposition of CsPbI2Br perovskite films from multiple-sources and mixed halide precursors

2020

Fully inorganic cesium lead halide perovskites, such as CsPbI2Br, show enhanced thermal stability compared to hybrid ones and are being widely investigated as wide bandgap absorbers for tandem applications. Despite their simple stoichiometry, the preparation of highly crystalline and stable cesium lead halide thin films is not trivial. In general, high-efficiency solar cells based on solution-processed CsPbI2Br thin films are prepared by hightemperature annealing or the use of chemical additives. In this work, we use solvent-free synthesis to investigate the formation of CsPbI2Br in bulk or in thin films via mechanochemical synthesis and multiple-source vacuum deposition, respectively. We d…

Materials scienceTandemBand gapGeneral Chemical EngineeringHalidechemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology7. Clean energy01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesVacuum depositionChemical engineeringchemistryCaesiumMaterials ChemistryThermal stability0210 nano-technologyMaterialsCèl·lules fotoelèctriquesPerovskite (structure)Chemistry of Materials
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Stable two -dimensional spatial solitons in heavy metal oxide glasses

2007

In this Communication, a stable self-confined propagation with ps near-infrared (NIR) pulses and over several Rayleigh lengths is demonstrated for the first time . Multiphoton absorption is shown to saturate the self-focusing response in a novel glass of the ternary system Nb2O5-O2-PbO (NPG) exhibiting a high refractive index (2-2.1) in the NIR and an energy gap of 3.52 eV. NPG belongs to the family of heavy metal oxides, widely studied for its fast and high nonlinearity in the infrared.

Materials scienceTernary numeral systemInfraredBand gapbusiness.industryOxideSelf-focusingMolecular physicsSpatial SolitonHeavy metal oxide glassessymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundOpticschemistrysymbolsRayleigh scatteringAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)businessRefractive index
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High-efficiency fullerene free ternary organic solar cells based with two small molecules as donor

2021

Abstract Herein, we have designed a ternary system comprising of two small molecules (B2 and B3), as donor and a narrow bandgap non-fullerene small molecule acceptor Y6. The chemical structures of B2 and B3 are close to each other but their absorption spectra are complementary with different energy levels. Using these small-molecules, a ternary organic solar cell was fabricated. The presence of B2 in the B3:Y6 blend increases the photon harvesting as well as also forms cascade energy level arrangement which benefits assisting the balancing between the dissociation of excitons into free charge carriers and their subsequent charge transfer between the two donors (B2 and B3) and the acceptor (…

Materials scienceTernary numeral systemPhotoluminescenceOrganic solar cellAbsorption spectroscopyBand gapOrganic Chemistry02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesAcceptorAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsInorganic ChemistryCharge carrierElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyTernary operationSpectroscopyOptical Materials
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Thickness-dependent properties of ultrathin bismuth and antimony chalcogenide films formed by physical vapor deposition and their application in ther…

2021

This work was supported by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) project No 1.1.1.1/16/A/257. J. A. acknowledges the ERDF project No. 1.1.1.2/1/16/037. Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017 TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2 . The raw/processed data required to reproduce these findings cannot be shared at this time as the data also form a part of an ongoing study.

Materials scienceThickness-dependent thermoelectric propertiesChalcogenideMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Energy Engineering and Power Technologychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesBismuthlaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundUltrathin filmlawSeebeck coefficientBismuth chalcogenide:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Thin filmFused quartzAntimony tellurideRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryAntimony telluride021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesFuel TechnologyNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryPhysical vapor depositionOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessMolecular beam epitaxyNarrow band gap layered semiconductor
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Density-Functional Tight-Binding Simulations of Curvature-Controlled Layer Decoupling and Band-Gap Tuning in BilayerMoS2

2014

Monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) display valley-selective circular dichroism due to the presence of time-reversal symmetry and the absence of inversion symmetry, making them promising candidates for valleytronics. In contrast, in bilayer TMDCs both symmetries are present and these desirable valley-selective properties are lost. Here, by using density-functional tight-binding electronic structure simulations and revised periodic boundary conditions, we show that bending of bilayer MoS2 sheets breaks band degeneracies and localizes states on separate layers due to bending-induced strain gradients across the sheets. We propose a strategy for employing bending deformations in …

Materials scienceTight bindingCondensed matter physicsBand gapBilayerMonolayerValleytronicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyPeriodic boundary conditionsElectronic structureSymmetry (physics)Physical Review Letters
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Hybrid density functional theoretical study of NASICON-type NaxTi2(PO4)3 (x = 1–4)

2020

Sodium Super Ionic Conductor (NASICON) structured phosphate framework compounds represent a very attractive class of materials for their use as Na-ion battery electrodes. A series of NASICON-structured NaxTi2(PO4)3 compounds corresponding to varying degrees of sodiation (x = 1–4) have been investigated using high-level hybrid density functional theory calculations using the Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals and Gaussian-type basis set formalism together with hybrid B1WC and HSE06 exchange–correlation functionals. Using primitive cells of NaxTi2(PO4)3 compounds with different stoichiometry, sodium sublattice structure and titanium oxidation states are constructed and analyzed using group…

Materials scienceValence (chemistry)Band gapGeneral Physics and AstronomyIonic bonding02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesCharge orderingChemical physicsLinear combination of atomic orbitalsDensity functional theoryElectron configurationPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyBasis setPhysical Chemistry Chemical Physics
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Evolution of the electronic properties of graded poly(thienylene vinylene)-poly(pyrrylene vinylene) mixed copolymers

1993

Abstract We present a valence effective Hamiltonian (VEH) theoretical investigation of the evolution of the electronic properties of poly(thienylene vinylene)-poly(pyrrylene vinylene) mixed copolymers as a function of the unit cell content on the basis of ab initio 3–21G∗ and 3–21G optimized geometries. As a consequence of the strong localization of the LUCO both electron affinity and bandgap deviate from a linear dependence, and only the ionization potential presents the expected values.

Materials scienceValence (chemistry)Band gapMechanical EngineeringMetals and AlloysAb initioCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakeMechanics of MaterialsComputational chemistryMaterials ChemistrysymbolsCopolymerPhysical chemistryIonization energyHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Electronic propertiesSynthetic Metals
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VEH electronic band structure of poly(phenylsilane)

1993

Abstract The electronic structure of all-trans syndiotactic and isotactic poly(phenylsilane) has been calculated using the valence effective Hamiltonian (VEH) method. The effects of attachment of the phenyl group on the electronic properties of polysilane are analysed in detail. The VEH results show a decrease of ionization potential and an increase of electron affinity which determine an important reduction of the bandgap. These features are correlated with σ−π and σ ∗ −π ∗ interactions between the silicon backbone and the phenyl group.

Materials scienceValence (chemistry)Band gapMechanical EngineeringMetals and AlloysElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPhenylsilaneMechanics of MaterialsPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryPhenyl groupPolysilaneIonization energyElectronic band structureSynthetic Metals
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