Search results for " Magnetic resonance imaging"

showing 10 items of 452 documents

Extraction of prefronto-amygdalar pathways by combining probability maps

2008

Many recent studies reported altered functional connectivity within the frontolimbic circuitry in a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, functional connectivity must rely on structural connections. In this study we applied a novel probabilistic fiber tracking method to assess the structural connectivity between the amygdala and different prefrontal brain regions in vivo. Twenty healthy subjects were investigated with diffusion tensor imaging. Probabilistic fiber tracking was started from the amygdala and different prefrontal brain regions. Resulting probability maps were combined using an extended multiplication of probabilistic maps to identify the most probable anatomical pa…

AdultExternal capsuleAdolescentNeuroscience (miscellaneous)Prefrontal CortexNerve Fibers MyelinatedAmygdalaBrain mappingYoung AdultNeural PathwaysBasal gangliamedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingPrefrontal cortexAnterior cingulate cortexProbabilityBrain MappingMiddle AgedAmygdalaDorsolateral prefrontal cortexPsychiatry and Mental healthDiffusion Magnetic Resonance Imagingmedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleNerve NetPsychologyNeuroscienceDiffusion MRIPsychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
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Enhancement pattern of hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) on MR imaging performed with Gd-EOB-DTPA versus other Gd-based contrast agents (GBCAs): An intrai…

2019

Purpose: To conduct an intraindividual comparison of the enhancement pattern of hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) on dynamic MRI study obtained following the injection of Gadoxetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) and other gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs).Method: This is a retrospective, Institutional Review Board-approved study conducted in a single institution. A search of medical records between 2008 and 2017 revealed 17 patients (all females) with at least one pathologically-proven HCA who underwent liver MRI with Gd-EOB-DTPA and another GBCA within 1 year. Enhancement of each lesion on hepatic arterial (HAP), portal venous (PVP), 2 min and 4-5 minutes phases was subjectively evaluated by two abd…

AdultGadolinium DTPAMaleGadoxetic acidGadoliniumPopulationchemistry.chemical_elementContrast Media030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingAdenoma Liver CellLesion03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMcNemar's testHepatic ArterymedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingeducationAgedRetrospective Studieseducation.field_of_studymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryPortal VeinLiver NeoplasmsMagnetic resonance imagingGeneral MedicineHepatocellular adenomaMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance Imagingchemistry030220 oncology & carcinogenesisDynamic contrast-enhanced MRIFemalemedicine.symptomLiver Contrast media Hepatocellular adenoma Magnetic resonance imagingbusinessNuclear medicineSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E Radioterapiamedicine.drug
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Intra‐ and interreader reproducibility of PI‐RADSv2: A multireader study

2018

Background The Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2 (PI-RADSv2) has been in use since 2015; while interreader reproducibility has been studied, there has been a paucity of studies investigating the intrareader reproducibility of PI-RADSv2. Purpose To evaluate both intra- and interreader reproducibility of PI-RADSv2 in the assessment of intraprostatic lesions using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). Study type Retrospective. Population/subjects In all, 102 consecutive biopsy-naive patients who underwent prostate MRI and subsequent MR/transrectal ultrasonography (MR/TRUS)-guided biopsy. Field strength/sequences Prostate mpMRI at 3T using endorectal with phased…

AdultImage-Guided BiopsyMaleIntraclass correlationBiopsyPopulationContrast MediaArticle030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHumansMedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMultiparametric Magnetic Resonance ImagingStage (cooking)educationMultiparametric Magnetic Resonance ImagingAgedRetrospective StudiesUltrasonographyAged 80 and overObserver VariationReproducibilityeducation.field_of_studymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryProstateProstatic NeoplasmsReproducibility of ResultsMiddle AgedProstate-Specific AntigenReference StandardsMagnetic Resonance ImagingPI-RADSDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingTransrectal ultrasonographybusinessNuclear medicineAlgorithmsKappaJournal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Noise estimation from averaged diffusion weighted images: Can unbiased quantitative decay parameters assist cancer evaluation?

2013

Purpose Multiexponential decay parameters are estimated from diffusion-weighted-imaging that generally have inherently low signal-to-noise ratio and non-normal noise distributions, especially at high b-values. Conventional nonlinear regression algorithms assume normally distributed noise, introducing bias into the calculated decay parameters and potentially affecting their ability to classify tumors. This study aims to accurately estimate noise of averaged diffusion-weighted-imaging, to correct the noise induced bias, and to assess the effect upon cancer classification. Methods A new adaptation of the median-absolute-deviation technique in the wavelet-domain, using a closed form approximati…

AdultKeywords: diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imagingdiffusion weighted magnetic resonance imagingMiddle AgedModels TheoreticalSignal-To-Noise RatioImage EnhancementIVIMDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingHead and Neck NeoplasmsLymphatic MetastasisImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedCarcinoma Squamous CellHumansnoise estimationImaging Methodology—Full PapersAlgorithmsAged
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Brain magnetic resonance imaging radiomics features associated with hepatic encephalopathy in adult cirrhotic patients.

2022

Abstract Purpose Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a potential complication of cirrhosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may demonstrate hyperintense T1 signal in the globi pallidi. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of MRI-based radiomic features for diagnosing and grading chronic HE in adult patients affected by cirrhosis. Methods Adult patients with and without cirrhosis underwent brain MRI with identical imaging protocol on a 3T scanner. Patients without history of chronic liver disease were the control population. HE grading was based on underlying liver disease, severity of clinical manifestation, and number of encephalopathic episodes. Texture analysis was perfo…

AdultLiver CirrhosisHepatic EncephalopathyBrainHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingNeurology (clinical)Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineGlobus PallidusMagnetic Resonance ImagingCirrhosis Hepatic encephalopathy Magnetic resonance imaging Radiomics TextureNeuroradiology
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Usefulness of longitudinal systolic strain and delayed enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance in depicting risk of supraventricular arrythmias in pat…

2022

Background: Myocarditis have variable clinical presentation, evolution and prognosis. Aim of our study was to evaluate the value of speckle tracking echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in the short-term prediction of supraventricular arrhythmias (SVA) in patients with acute myocarditis. Methods: Seventy patients (mean age 31±14 years old) with acute myocarditis and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were enrolled. Longitudinal systolic strain (LS) of the left ventricle (LV), mechanical dispersion (MD) and CMR with quantitative measurement of delayed enhancement (DE) were performed in a subset of 43 patients. Logistic regression and ROC analysis were used t…

AdultMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyAdolescentarrhythmias cardiac magnetic resonance global longitudinal strain myocarditis Adolescent Adult AdultArrhythmias CardiacHumans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Cine Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Middle Aged Stroke VolumeMagnetic Resonance Imaging CineArrhythmias CardiacStroke VolumeMiddle AgedVentricular Function LeftMyocarditisVentricular Dysfunction LeftYoung AdultHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineEchocardiography
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Epicardial Adipose Tissue Accumulation and Essential Hypertension in Non-Obese Adults

2019

Background and Objectives: Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is shown to be an important factor in the development of coronary artery disease, but numerous pathophysiological mechanisms of its action are still only partially understood. There is a lack of studies on its association with different grades of essential hypertension (EH). Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association between size of EAT depots and the risk of EH taking into account its grade. Materials and Methods: Non-obese adult patients with various cardiovascular diseases were investigated: 157 of them had essential hypertension and 101 did not. Hypertensive patients were assigned to three groups according to the grade of h…

AdultMale0301 basic medicineMedicine (General)medicine.medical_specialtyepicardial fatBlood Pressure030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyEssential hypertensionArticleBody Mass IndexCoronary artery disease03 medical and health sciencesR5-9200302 clinical medicineNon obeseCardiac magnetic resonance imagingInternal medicinegrade of hypertensionmedicineepicardial fat ; primary hypertension ; grade of hypertension ; risk assessment ; adultsadultsHumansAged2. Zero hungermedicine.diagnostic_testAdult patientsbusiness.industryrisk assessmentGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePathophysiology3. Good healthprimary hypertension030104 developmental biologyAdipose TissueEpicardial adipose tissueCardiologyepicardial fat; primary hypertension; grade of hypertension; risk assessment; adultsFemaleEssential HypertensionbusinessPericardiumBody mass indexMedicina
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Disturbed brain activation during a working memory task in drug-naive adult patients with ADHD.

2010

Neuroimaging studies in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have shown abnormalities in several brain areas including the frontostriatal circuitry and were mostly conducted in children and adolescents. We investigated 30 never-medicated adult ADHD patients (16 males) and 30 matched healthy control individuals. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was acquired during a working memory paradigm (n-back). Group activation maps and group differences of activation were calculated using voxel-based analyses. The generic activation pattern was more extended in the control group. In ADHD patients, significantly decreased activation was found in the right inferior parietal cortex. Distur…

AdultMaleAdolescentCentral nervous systemPosterior parietal cortexYoung AdultNeuroimagingmental disordersmedicineAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderHumansMemory Disordersmedicine.diagnostic_testWorking memoryIllicit DrugsGeneral NeuroscienceBrainCognitionMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseDrug-naïvemedicine.anatomical_structureMemory Short-TermAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityFemalePsychologyFunctional magnetic resonance imagingNeurosciencemedicine.drugNeuroreport
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Replication of fMRI group activations in the neuroimaging battery for the Mainz Resilience Project (MARP)

2020

Abstract Motivated by the recent replicability crisis we tested replicability of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) group activations in two independent samples. An identical behavioral and fMRI test battery for the longitudinal investigation of stress resilience mechanisms was developed for the Mainz Resilience Project (MARP) and conducted in a discovery (N = 54) and a replication sample (N = 103). The test battery consisted of a stress reactivity task, a reward sensitivity task, a fear conditioning and extinction paradigm, two volitional reappraisal tasks and an emotional interference inhibition task. Replicability of group activations was tested with the Jaccard index and the I…

AdultMaleAdolescentIntraclass correlationCognitive Neurosciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectReplication050105 experimental psychologylcsh:RC321-571Task (project management)03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineNeuroimagingReplication (statistics)medicineHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesFear conditioningLongitudinal StudiesGroup activationslcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatrymedia_commonBrain Mappingmedicine.diagnostic_testfMRI05 social sciencesBrainReproducibility of ResultsExtinction (psychology)Resilience PsychologicalMagnetic Resonance ImagingNeurologyFemaleJaccard indexPsychological resiliencePsychologyFunctional magnetic resonance imagingIntra class correlation030217 neurology & neurosurgeryStress Psychologicalpsychological phenomena and processesReplication ; Group activations ; fMRI ; Intra class correlation ; Jaccard indexCognitive psychology
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Impaired Right Temporoparietal Junction–Hippocampus Connectivity in Schizophrenia and Its Relevance for Generating Representations of Other Minds

2018

Schizophrenia is associated with impaired and exaggerated Theory of Mind processes, pointing on alterations in generating a representation of another person's mind. Despite recent work on healthy subjects suggesting that a coupling between the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) and the hippocampus is relevant for building representations of others' intentions, the neural basis of related dysfunctions in patients with schizophrenia remains unclear. Therefore, we used structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging together with a modified prisoner's dilemma game to test the hypotheses, that patients show dysfunctional social updating on behavioral level accompanied by altered rTPJ-hi…

AdultMaleAdolescentMiddle temporal gyrusTemporoparietal junctionTheory of MindHippocampusYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSocial cognitionParietal LobeTheory of mindConnectomemedicineHumansSocial BehaviorFusiform gyrusmedicine.diagnostic_testMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingTemporal Lobe030227 psychiatryPsychiatry and Mental healthmedicine.anatomical_structurePsychotic DisordersSocial PerceptionMentalizationSchizophreniaSchizophreniaFemalePsychologyFunctional magnetic resonance imaging030217 neurology & neurosurgeryRegular ArticlesCognitive psychologySchizophrenia Bulletin
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