Search results for " Methods"

showing 10 items of 4102 documents

A heuristic for problem formalization in agent based simulation studies

2015

Agent Based Modeling and Simulation (ABMS) is considered an effective approach for conducting simulation studies in many fields. In order to develop high quality simulation models, methodological approaches are demanded. In such direction we are moving by proposing a heuristic for the formalization of agent based simulation problems. The proposed heuristic is based on some guidelines developed for identifying the main elements of the problem domain description by analysing verbs and their common taxonomy in grammar.

Modeling and simulationAutonomous agentSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniTheoretical computer scienceComputer scienceHeuristicProblem domainAutonomous agentSimulation modelingComputational methodsContext (language use)Agent-based social simulationData modeling
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Scientific abstracts and plain language summaries in psychology: A comparison based on readability indices.

2020

Findings from psychological research are usually difficult to interpret for non-experts. Yet, non-experts resort to psychological findings to inform their decisions (e.g., whether to seek a psychotherapeutic treatment or not). Thus, the communication of psychological research to non-expert audiences has received increasing attention over the last years. Plain language summaries (PLS) are abstracts of peer-reviewed journal articles that aim to explain the rationale, methods, findings, and interpretation of a scientific study to non-expert audiences using non-technical language. Unlike media articles or other forms of accessible research summaries, PLS are usually written by the authors of th…

Research FacilitiesApplied psychologyInformation Storage and RetrievalSocial Sciences050109 social psychologyInformation Centers0302 clinical medicineMathematical and Statistical TechniquesReading (process)Science communicationPsychologyPlain languagemedia_commonLanguageGrammarMultidisciplinaryArchives05 social sciencesStatisticsQRSyllablesResearch AssessmentSystematic reviewPhysical SciencesMedicinePsychologyResearch ArticleSystematic ReviewsAbstracting and Indexingmedia_common.quotation_subjectPeer ReviewScienceMEDLINEResearch and Analysis MethodsPhonology03 medical and health sciences0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesStatistical MethodsScientific PublishingAnalysis of VariancePsychological researchCognitive PsychologyBiology and Life SciencesLinguisticsReadabilityReading comprehensionReadingCognitive Science030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMathematicsNeurosciencePLoS ONE
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A study of the atmospherically important reactions between dimethyl selenide (DMSe) and molecular halogens (X2 = Cl2, Br2, and I2) with ab initio cal…

2012

The atmospherically relevant reactions between dimethyl selenide (DMSe) and the molecular halogens (X(2) = Cl(2), Br(2), and I(2)) have been studied with ab initio calculations at the MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ level of theory. Geometry optimization calculations showed that the reactions proceed from the reagents to the products (CH(3)SeCH(2)X + HX) via three minima, a van der Waals adduct (DMSe:X(2)), a covalently bound intermediate (DMSeX(2)), and a product-like complex (CH(3)SeCH(2)X:HX). The computed potential energy surfaces are used to predict what molecular species are likely to be observed in spectroscopic experiments such as gas-phase photoelectron spectroscopy and infrared matrix isolation s…

atmospheric chemistry dimethyl selenideChemistryMatrix isolationAdductsymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundComputational chemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsSelenideHalogensymbolsDimethyl sulfidePhysical and Theoretical Chemistryvan der Waals forceSpectroscopyThe journal of physical chemistry. A
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New insights into the gut microbiome in loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta stranded on the Mediterranean coast

2019

Caretta caretta is the most common sea turtle species in the Mediterranean Sea. The species is threatened by anthropomorphic activity that causes thousands of deaths and hundreds of strandings along the Mediterranean coast. Stranded turtles are often cared for in rehabilitation centres until they recover or die. The objective of this study was to characterize the gut microbiome of nine sea turtles stranded along the Sicilian coast of the Mediterranean Sea using high-throughput sequencing analysis targeting V3–V4 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Stool samples were collected from eight specimens hosted in the recovery centre after a few days of hospitalization (under 7) and from one ho…

Mediterranean climateDIVERSITYSettore BIO/05 - ZoologiamicrobiomePathology and Laboratory MedicineSettore BIO/19 - Microbiologia GeneraleDatabase and Informatics MethodsMediterranean seacaretta carettaRNA Ribosomal 16SOceansMedicine and Health Sciencesbacteria0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinarybiologyDEBRIS INGESTIONQREukaryotaGenomicsTurtlesBacterial PathogensSea turtleMedical MicrobiologyVertebratesMedicinegutBACTERIAL COMMUNITIESPathogensProteobacteriaSequence AnalysisResearch ArticleBioinformaticsFirmicutesScienceSequence DatabasesFirmicutesmediterraneanZoologyMicrobial GenomicsResearch and Analysis MethodsMicrobiologyFusobacteriaDIET03 medical and health sciencesBodies of waterProteobacterialoggerheadGeneticsMediterranean SeaAnimalsMicrobiomeMicrobial Pathogens030304 developmental biologyBacteroidetes030306 microbiologyGut BacteriaOrganismsBiology and Life SciencesReptilesBacteroidetesbiology.organism_classificationEVOLUTIONMarine and aquatic sciencesGastrointestinal MicrobiomeEarth sciencesBiological DatabasesTestudinesAmniotesThreatened speciesCaretta caretta gut microbiome sea turtles Mediterranean Sea
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Measuring spectrally-resolved information transfer.

2020

Information transfer, measured by transfer entropy, is a key component of distributed computation. It is therefore important to understand the pattern of information transfer in order to unravel the distributed computational algorithms of a system. Since in many natural systems distributed computation is thought to rely on rhythmic processes a frequency resolved measure of information transfer is highly desirable. Here, we present a novel algorithm, and its efficient implementation, to identify separately frequencies sending and receiving information in a network. Our approach relies on the invertible maximum overlap discrete wavelet transform (MODWT) for the creation of surrogate data in t…

0301 basic medicineDiscrete wavelet transformInformation transferComputer scienceEntropyInformation Theory0302 clinical medicineWaveletMathematical and Statistical TechniquesMedicine and Health SciencesBiology (General)Wavelet TransformsTemporal cortexMammalsEcologySystems BiologyApplied MathematicsSimulation and ModelingPhysicsWavelet transformMagnetoencephalographyEukaryotaBrainSignal FilteringComputational Theory and MathematicsModeling and SimulationPhysical SciencesVertebratesThermodynamicsEngineering and TechnologyWavelet transforms ; Algorithms ; Magnetoencephalography ; Information entropy ; Signal filtering ; Ferrets ; Permutation ; EntropyAnatomyAlgorithmInformation EntropyAlgorithmsResearch ArticleComputer and Information SciencesQH301-705.5PermutationWavelet AnalysisPrefrontal CortexResearch and Analysis Methods03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceGeneticsEntropy (information theory)AnimalsHumansInformation flow (information theory)Molecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsDiscrete MathematicsFerretsOrganismsBiology and Life Sciences030104 developmental biologyCombinatoricsSignal ProcessingAmniotesTransfer entropyZoologyMathematical Functions030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMathematicsPLoS computational biology
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Batch Methods for Resolution Enhancement of TIR Image Sequences

2015

Thermal infrared (TIR) time series are exploited by many methods based on Earth observation (EO), for such applications as agriculture, forest management, and meteorology. However, due to physical limitations, data acquired by a single sensor are often unsatisfactory in terms of spatial or temporal resolution. This issue can be tackled by using remotely sensed data acquired by multiple sensors with complementary features. When nonreal-time functioning or at least near real-time functioning is admitted, the measurements can be profitably fed to a sequential Bayesian algorithm, which allows to account for the correlation embedded in the successive acquisitions. In this work, we focus on appli…

Earth observationAtmospheric ScienceBayesian smoothing methodComputer scienceBayesian probabilityInterval (mathematics)Thermal imagecomputer.software_genreremote sensingComputers in Earth ScienceSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-ForestaliComputer visionimage enhancementComputers in Earth SciencesImage resolutionThermal imagesbusiness.industrySettore ING-INF/03 - TelecomunicazioniSettore ICAR/02 - Costruzioni Idrauliche E Marittime E IdrologiaBayesian smoothing methodsinterpolationTemporal resolutioncloud detectionBatch processingBayesian smoothing methods; cloud detection; image enhancement; interpolation; remote sensing; Thermal images; Computers in Earth Sciences; Atmospheric ScienceData miningArtificial intelligencebusinessFocus (optics)computerSmoothingSettore ICAR/06 - Topografia E Cartografia
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Search for Multimessenger Sources of Gravitational Waves and High-energy Neutrinos with Advanced LIGO during Its First Observing Run, ANTARES, and Ic…

2019

[EN] Astrophysical sources of gravitational waves, such as binary neutron star and black hole mergers or core-collapse supernovae, can drive relativistic outflows, giving rise to non-thermal high-energy emission. High-energy neutrinos are signatures of such outflows. The detection of gravitational waves and high-energy neutrinos from common sources could help establish the connection between the dynamics of the progenitor and the properties of the out¿ow. We searched for associated emission of gravitational waves and high-energy neutrinos from astrophysical transients with minimal assumptions using data from Advanced LIGO from its first observing run O1, and data from the ANTARES and IceCub…

Astrofísicacollapse [supernova]neutron star: binaryEVENTS GW150914Gravitació010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesneutrino: energy: highAstronomyRAYBinary numberbinary [neutron star]Astrophysics7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesPhysical ChemistryAtomicIceCubeneutrinoParticle and Plasma PhysicsAstronomi astrofysik och kosmologiblack holeAstronomy Astrophysics and CosmologyLIGO010303 astronomy & astrophysicsgravitational waveELECTROMAGNETIC SIGNALSQCQBSettore FIS/01PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)astro-ph.HE[PHYS]Physics [physics]Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsneutrinosgravitational waves; neutrinos520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaftenddc:observatorySupernovagravitational wavesastrophysics: densityPhysical SciencesNeutrinoAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenagravitational waves; neutrinos; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary ScienceAstronomical and Space SciencessignaturePhysical Chemistry (incl. Structural)supernova: collapseAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstronomy & AstrophysicsGravitational wavesemission [gravitational radiation]Ones gravitacionalsCoincident0103 physical sciencesGravitational Waves Neutrinos LIGO Virgo Antares IceCubeNuclearddc:530Neutrinsenergy: high [neutrino]NeutrinosSTFCAstrophysiqueAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesScience & TechnologyANTARESGravitational waveVirgoOrganic ChemistryAstronomyRCUKMolecularAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstronomieAstronomy and Astrophysic530 PhysikLIGOSciences de l'espaceBlack holemessengerNeutron starAntaresPhysics and AstronomySpace and Planetary ScienceFISICA APLICADA:Física::Astronomia i astrofísica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]gravitational radiation: emissiondensity [astrophysics]ddc:520[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]EMISSION
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Spectral anomalies in focused waves of different Fresnel numbers

2004

Light propagation induces remarkable changes in the spectrum of focused diffracted beams. We show that spectral changes take place in the vicinity of phase singularities in the focal region of spatially coherent, polychromatic spherical waves of different Fresnel numbers. Instead of the Debye formulation, we use the Kirchhoff integral to evaluate the focal field accurately. We find that as a result of a decrease in the Fresnel number, some cylindrical spectral switches are geometrically transformed into conical spectral switches.

PhysicsDiffractionFresnel zoneGeometrical opticsbusiness.industryFresnel zone antennaAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsPhysics::OpticsFresnel integralAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectral lineElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOpticsFresnel numberComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionbusinessFresnel diffractionJournal of the Optical Society of America A
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Highlighting numerical insights of an efficient SPH method

2018

Abstract In this paper we focus on two sources of enhancement in accuracy and computational demanding in approximating a function and its derivatives by means of the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method. The approximating power of the standard method is perceived to be poor and improvements can be gained making use of the Taylor series expansion of the kernel approximation of the function and its derivatives. The modified formulation is appealing providing more accurate results of the function and its derivatives simultaneously without changing the kernel function adopted in the computation. The request for greater accuracy needs kernel function derivatives with order up to the desidered …

Computer scienceApplied MathematicsGaussianComputation010103 numerical & computational mathematicsFunction (mathematics)01 natural sciences010101 applied mathematicsSmoothed-particle hydrodynamicsComputational Mathematicssymbols.namesakeSettore MAT/08 - Analisi NumericaKernel based methods Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Accuracy Convergence Improved fast Gaussian transform.Convergence (routing)symbolsTaylor seriesGaussian function0101 mathematicsFocus (optics)Algorithm
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A Unified Approach to Portfolio Optimization with Linear Transaction Costs

2004

In this paper we study the continuous time optimal portfolio selection problem for an investor with a finite horizon who maximizes expected utility of terminal wealth and faces transaction costs in the capital market. It is well known that, depending on a particular structure of transaction costs, such a problem is formulated and solved within either stochastic singular control or stochastic impulse control framework. In this paper we propose a unified framework, which generalizes the contemporary approaches and is capable to deal with any problem where transaction costs are a linear/piecewise-linear function of the volume of trade. We also discuss some methods for solving numerically the p…

Structure (mathematical logic)Transaction costMathematical optimizationComputer sciencejel:C63General Mathematicsjel:C61Function (mathematics)Management Science and Operations ResearchSingular controljel:G11Merton's portfolio problemEconomicsPortfolioPortfolio optimizationportfolio choice transaction costs stochastic singular control stochastic impulse control computational methodsSoftwareExpected utility hypothesisSSRN Electronic Journal
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