Search results for " NEURAL NETWORKS"

showing 10 items of 390 documents

The Ultimate Fate of Supercooled Liquids

2010

In recent years it has become widely accepted that a dynamical length scale {\xi}_{\alpha} plays an important role in supercooled liquids near the glass transition. We examine the implications of the interplay between the growing {\xi}_{\alpha} and the size of the crystal nucleus, {\xi}_M, which shrinks on cooling. We argue that at low temperatures where {\xi}_{\alpha} > {\xi}_M a new crystallization mechanism emerges enabling rapid development of a large scale web of sparsely connected crystallinity. Though we predict this web percolates the system at too low a temperature to be easily seen in the laboratory, there are noticeable residual effects near the glass transition that can account …

Length scaleFOS: Physical sciencesCrystal growth02 engineering and technologyCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksArticlelaw.inventionCrystalCrystallinitylawPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCrystallizationSupercoolingCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsPhysicsCondensed matter physicsStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterQuantum TheoryThermodynamicsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)0210 nano-technologyGlass transitionCrystallization
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Growing length scales in a supercooled liquid close to an interface

2002

We present the results of molecular dynamics computer simulations of a simple glass former close to an interface between the liquid and the frozen amorphous phase of the same material. By investigating F_s(q,z,t), the incoherent intermediate scattering function for particles that have a distance z from the wall, we show that the relaxation dynamics of the particles close to the wall is much slower than the one for particles far away from the wall. For small z the typical relaxation time for F_s(q,z,t) increases like exp(Delta/(z-z_p)), where Delta and z_p are constants. We use the location of the crossover from this law to the bulk behavior to define a first length scale tilde{z}. A differe…

Length scaleScattering functionStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)010304 chemical physicsCondensed matter physicsChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringRelaxation (NMR)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks01 natural sciencesAmorphous phaseMolecular dynamics[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsSupercoolingCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsAnsatzPhilosophical Magazine B
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Classical and ab-initio molecular dynamic simulation of an amorphous silica surface

2001

We present the results of a classical molecular dynamic simulation as well as of an ab initio molecular dynamic simulation of an amorphous silica surface. In the case of the classical simulation we use the potential proposed by van Beest et al. (BKS) whereas the ab initio simulation is done with a Car-Parrinello method (CPMD). We find that the surfaces generated by BKS have a higher concentration of defects (e.g. concentration of two-membered rings) than those generated with CPMD. In addition also the distribution functions of the angles and of the distances are different for the short rings. Hence we conclude that whereas the BKS potential is able to reproduce correctly the surface on the …

Length scaleSurface (mathematics)Car–Parrinello molecular dynamicsMaterials scienceStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Ab initioFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksApproxCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksMolecular dynamicsDistribution functionHardware and ArchitectureChemical physicsAmorphous silicaCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsComputer Physics Communications
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Finite-time boundedness for uncertain discrete neural networks with time-delays and Markovian jumps

2014

This paper is concerned with stochastic finite-time boundedness analysis for a class of uncertain discrete-time neural networks with Markovian jump parameters and time-delays. The concepts of stochastic finite-time stability and stochastic finite-time boundedness are first given for neural networks. Then, applying the Lyapunov approach and the linear matrix inequality technique, sufficient criteria on stochastic finite-time boundedness are provided for the class of nominal or uncertain discrete-time neural networks with Markovian jump parameters and time-delays. It is shown that the derived conditions are characterized in terms of the solution to these linear matrix inequalities. Finally, n…

Lyapunov functionDiscrete-time systems; Linear matrix inequalities; Markovian jump systems; Neural networks; Stochastic finite-time boundedness; Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Cognitive NeuroscienceArtificial neural networkMarkov chainStochastic processCognitive NeuroscienceMarkovian jump systemsLinear matrix inequalitiesLinear matrix inequalityComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionComputer Science Applicationssymbols.namesakeDiscrete time and continuous timeArtificial IntelligenceDiscrete-time systemssymbolsCalculusApplied mathematicsStochastic neural networkJump processNeural networksStochastic finite-time boundednessMathematics
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Adaptive Neural Stabilizing Controller for a Class of Mismatched Uncertain Nonlinear Systems by State and Output Feedback

2015

In this paper, first, an adaptive neural network (NN) state-feedback controller for a class of nonlinear systems with mismatched uncertainties is proposed. By using a radial basis function NN (RBFNN), a bound of unknown nonlinear functions is approximated so that no information about the upper bound of mismatched uncertainties is required. Then, an observer-based adaptive controller based on RBFNN is designed to stabilize uncertain nonlinear systems with immeasurable states. The state-feedback and observer-based controllers are based on Lyapunov and strictly positive real-Lyapunov stability theory, respectively, and it is shown that the asymptotic convergence of the closed-loop system to ze…

Lyapunov functionObserver (quantum physics)Computer Simulation; Feedback; Neural Networks (Computer); Nonlinear Dynamics; Control and Systems Engineering; Software; Information Systems; Human-Computer Interaction; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionNeural Networks (Computer)Nonlinear controlUpper and lower boundsFeedbackComputer Science ApplicationsHuman-Computer InteractionNonlinear systemsymbols.namesakeNonlinear DynamicsControl and Systems EngineeringControl theoryAdaptive systemStability theorysymbolsComputer SimulationNeural Networks ComputerElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSoftwareInformation SystemsMathematicsIEEE Transactions on Cybernetics
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A magnetic skyrmion as a non-linear resistive element - a potential building block for reservoir computing

2017

Inspired by the human brain, there is a strong effort to find alternative models of information processing capable of imitating the high energy efficiency of neuromorphic information processing. One possible realization of cognitive computing are reservoir computing networks. These networks are built out of non-linear resistive elements which are recursively connected. We propose that a skyrmion network embedded in frustrated magnetic films may provide a suitable physical implementation for reservoir computing applications. The significant key ingredient of such a network is a two-terminal device with non-linear voltage characteristics originating from single-layer magnetoresistive effects,…

MagnetoresistanceGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyMagnetic skyrmionTopology01 natural sciencesCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsBlock (data storage)PhysicsResistive touchscreenStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)SkyrmionReservoir computingDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksPhysik (inkl. Astronomie)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterNeuromorphic engineering0210 nano-technologyRealization (systems)Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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USE OF FUZZY NEURAL NETWORKS IN MODELING RELATIONSHIPS OF HPV INFECTION WITH APOPTOTIC AND PROLIFERATION MARKERS IN POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT ORAL LESIONS

2005

To evaluate in oral leukoplakia the relationship between HPV infection and markers of apoptosis (bcl-2, survivin) and proliferation (PCNA), also conditionally to age, gender, smoking and drinking habits of patients, by means of Fuzzy neural networks (FNN) system 21 cases of oral leukopakia, clinically and histologically diagnosed, were examined for HPV DNA presence, bcl-2, survivin and PCNA expression. HPV DNA was investigated in exfoliated oral mucosa cells by nested PCR (nPCR: MY09-MY11/GP5-GP6), and the HPV genotype determined by direct DNA sequencing. All markers were investigated by means of standardised immunohistochemistry procedure. Data were analysed by chi-square test, crude OR an…

MaleCancer ResearchOral precancerous lesionSurvivinFuzzy neural networksApoptosisPolymerase Chain ReactionInhibitor of Apoptosis Proteinslaw.inventionlawGenotypePapillomaviridaePolymerase chain reactionLeukoplakiabiologySmokingHPV infectionvirus diseasesMiddle Agedfemale genital diseases and pregnancy complicationsNeoplasm ProteinsCell Transformation NeoplasticProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2OncologyCarcinoma Squamous CellFemaleMouth NeoplasmsLeukoplakia OralOral SurgeryMicrotubule-Associated ProteinsAdultHPVFuzzy LogicProliferating Cell Nuclear AntigenSurvivinCarcinomamedicineHumansBcl-2AgedCell ProliferationAnalysis of VariancePapillomavirus InfectionsMouth Mucosamedicine.diseaseProliferating cell nuclear antigenDNA ViralImmunologybiology.proteinCancer researchNeural Networks ComputerNested polymerase chain reaction
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A smart tele-cytology point-of-care platform for oral cancer screening.

2019

Early detection of oral cancer necessitates a minimally invasive, tissue-specific diagnostic tool that facilitates screening/surveillance. Brush biopsy, though minimally invasive, demands skilled cyto-pathologist expertise. In this study, we explored the clinical utility/efficacy of a tele-cytology system in combination with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based risk-stratification model for early detection of oral potentially malignant (OPML)/malignant lesion. A portable, automated tablet-based tele-cytology platform capable of digitization of cytology slides was evaluated for its efficacy in the detection of OPML/malignant lesions (n = 82) in comparison with conventional cytology and hist…

MaleMedical DoctorsHealth Care ProvidersPathology and Laboratory Medicine030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging0302 clinical medicineCohen's kappaConventional cytologyCytologyImage Processing Computer-AssistedMedicine and Health SciencesMedical PersonnelEarly Detection of CancerMultidisciplinaryOral cancer screeningQRMiddle AgedTelemedicine3. Good healthProfessionsOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMedicineFemaleMouth NeoplasmsRadiologyAnatomyRisk assessmentAlgorithmsResearch ArticleComputer and Information SciencesDysplasiamedicine.medical_specialtyHistologyCytodiagnosisPoint-of-Care SystemsRemote diagnosisScienceEarly detectionRisk AssessmentSensitivity and Specificity03 medical and health sciencesSigns and SymptomsDiagnostic MedicineArtificial IntelligenceCancer Detection and DiagnosismedicineHumansArtificial Neural NetworksPoint of careComputational Neurosciencebusiness.industryBiology and Life SciencesComputational BiologyCell BiologyPathologistsHealth CarePeople and PlacesLesionsPopulation GroupingsNeural Networks ComputerCytologybusinessNeurosciencePLoS ONE
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Performance of a Predictive Model for Long-Term Hemoglobin Response to Darbepoetin and Iron Administration in a Large Cohort of Hemodialysis Patients

2016

International audience; Anemia management, based on erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESA) and iron supplementation, has become an increasingly challenging problem in hemodialysis patients. Maintaining hemodialysis patients within narrow hemoglobin targets, preventing cycling outside target, and reducing ESA dosing to prevent adverse outcomes requires considerable attention from caregivers. Anticipation of the long-term response (i.e. at 3 months) to the ESA/iron therapy would be of fundamental importance for planning a successful treatment strategy. To this end, we developed a predictive model designed to support decision-making regarding anemia management in hemodialysis (HD) patients tr…

MalePediatricsBlood transfusionDarbepoetin alfaPhysiologymedicine.medical_treatment030232 urology & nephrologylcsh:Medicine030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyFerric CompoundsBiochemistryGlucaric AcidHemoglobinsMathematical and Statistical Techniques0302 clinical medicineMedicine and Health SciencesDarbepoetin alfaErythropoiesislcsh:ScienceFerric Oxide SaccharatedMultidisciplinaryPharmaceuticsDisease ManagementAnemia[SDV.MHEP.HEM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/HematologyHematologyMiddle Aged3. Good healthNephrologyInjections IntravenousPhysical SciencesFemaleHemodialysisStatistics (Mathematics)Research Articlemedicine.drugComputer and Information Sciencesmedicine.medical_specialtyAnemiaResearch and Analysis Methods03 medical and health sciencesDose Prediction MethodsRenal DialysisArtificial IntelligenceMedical DialysismedicineHumansHemoglobinDosingStatistical MethodsIron Deficiency AnemiaIntensive care medicineArtificial Neural NetworksAgedRetrospective StudiesComputational NeuroscienceModels Statisticalbusiness.industrylcsh:RBiology and Life SciencesComputational BiologyProteinsRetrospective cohort studymedicine.diseaseIron-deficiency anemiaHematinicsKidney Failure ChronicCognitive Sciencelcsh:QNeural Networks ComputerHemoglobinPhysiological ProcessesbusinessMathematicsNeuroscienceForecasting
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Evaluation of Deep Neural Networks for Semantic Segmentation of Prostate in T2W MRI

2020

In this paper, we present an evaluation of four encoder&ndash

MaleSimilarity (geometry)Computer scienceSegNet02 engineering and technologylcsh:Chemical technologyBiochemistryArticleencoder–decoder030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingAnalytical Chemistry03 medical and health sciencesProstate cancer0302 clinical medicineProstateImage Processing Computer-Assisted0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicineHumanslcsh:TP1-1185SegmentationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationmedicine.diagnostic_testPixelbusiness.industryProstateCNNsPattern recognitionMagnetic resonance imagingFCNmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingU-NetAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSemanticsIntensity normalizationmedicine.anatomical_structureDeepLabV3+Deep neural networks020201 artificial intelligence & image processingNeural Networks ComputerArtificial intelligencebusinessDNNSensors
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