Search results for " North"

showing 10 items of 277 documents

Long live the alien: is high genetic diversity a pivotal aspect of crested porcupine (Hystrix cristata) long-lasting and successful invasion?

2016

AbstractStudying the evolutionary dynamics of an alien species surviving and continuing to expand after several generations can provide fundamental information on the relevant features of clearly successful invasions. Here, we tackle this task by investigating the dynamics of the genetic diversity in invasive crested porcupine (Hystrix cristata) populations, introduced to Italy about 1500 years ago, which are still growing in size, distribution range and ecological niche. Using genome-wide RAD markers, we describe the structure of the genetic diversity and the demographic dynamics of theH. cristatainvasive populations and compare their genetic diversity with that of native African populatio…

0301 basic medicine0106 biological sciences[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]01 natural sciencesInvasive speciesgene surfingGene flowinvasive speciesSouth AfricaAfrica Northernpopulation dynamicsNorthern0303 health sciencesbiologyEcologyEcologyPhylogeographyItalyInbreedingGenetic MarkersSettore BIO/05EvolutionPopulationinbreedingAlienRAD sequencing010603 evolutionary biologyHystrix cristatagene surfing; inbreeding; invasive species; population dynamics; RAD sequencing; Africa Northern; Animals; Genetic Markers; Italy; Phylogeography; Porcupines; South Africa; Genetic Variation; Genetics Population; Introduced Species; Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics; Genetics03 medical and health sciencesBehavior and Systematicsbiology.animalGeneticsAnimalsEvolutionary dynamicsEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics030304 developmental biologyEcological nicheGenetic diversityAmbientaleGenetic Variation15. Life on landPorcupinesbiology.organism_classificationPhylogeographyGenetics Population030104 developmental biologyAfricaIntroduced SpeciesPorcupinehuman activities
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Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with better quality of life: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative

2016

BACKGROUND The Mediterranean diet has positively influenced various medical conditions, but only a paucity of studies has considered the relation between the Mediterranean diet and quality of life (QOL) among people living in North America. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet (aMED) was associated with better QOL and decreased pain, stiffness, disability, and depression in a large cohort of North Americans from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. DESIGN aMED was evaluated through a validated Mediterranean diet score categorized into quintiles. Outcomes of interest were QOL [assessed with the 12-Item Short-Form Health Outcome Survey (SF-12)]; disability,…

0301 basic medicineMaleMultivariate analysisMediterranean dietCross-sectional studyMedicine (miscellaneous)MediterraneanLogistic regressionDiet MediterraneanBody Mass Index0302 clinical medicineMediterranean diet; depression; disability; pain; quality of life osteoarthritis initiativeQuality of lifeSurveys and Questionnaires030212 general & internal medicineNutrition and DieteticsCenter for Epidemiologic Studies Depression ScaleMiddle AgeddepressionFemalemedicine.medical_specialtyWOMACquality of life osteoarthritis initiativePaindepression Mediterranean diet quality of life osteoarthritis initiative pain disability03 medical and health sciencesNutritional Epidemiology and Public HealthMediterranean dietOsteoarthritismedicineHumansAged030109 nutrition & dieteticsbusiness.industryDietMediterranean diet; depression; disability; pain; quality of life osteoarthritis initiative; Aged; Body Mass Index; Cross-Sectional Studies; Energy Intake; Female; Humans; Linear Models; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; North America; Osteoarthritis; Pain; Quality of Life; Socioeconomic Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Diet Mediterranean; Patient ComplianceCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic ModelsdisabilitySocioeconomic FactorsMultivariate AnalysisNorth AmericaPhysical therapyLinear ModelsQuality of LifePatient CompliancebusinessEnergy IntakeBody mass indexDemography
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Subnational mapping of HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15-49 years in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000-18: a modelling study

2021

Background. High-resolution estimates of HIV burden across space and time provide an important tool for tracking and monitoring the progress of prevention and control efforts and assist with improving the precision and efficiency of targeting efforts. We aimed to assess HIV incidence and HIV mortality for all second-level administrative units across sub-Saharan Africa. Methods. In this modelling study, we developed a framework that used the geographically specific HIV prevalence data collected in seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care clinics to train a model that estimates HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years. We used a model-based geostatistical framework to e…

0301 basic medicinesub-Saharan AfricaMaleHIV AntibodieEpidemiologyHIV incidencesHIV Infectionsmortality rateHIV AntibodiesModelling studyHuman immunodeficiency virus prevalence0302 clinical medicineAfrica NorthernRA0421Seroepidemiologic StudiesMedicineNorthernHIV Infection030212 general & internal medicineYoung adult10. No inequalityuncertaintyMozambique11 Medical and Health SciencesHIV mortalityMortality rateIncidence (epidemiology)Incidence1. No povertyHiv incidencearticleMauritaniaHuman immunodeficiency virus infected patientArticlestrackingMiddle Agedhealth care planning3. Good healthPeer reviewLesothoAIDSInfectious DiseasesQR180A990 Medicine and Dentistry not elsewhere classifiedFemaleprenatal careanti human immunodeficiency virus agentseroepidemiologyHumanAdultAdolescentAnti-HIV AgentsImmunologyantiretroviral therapyUnit (housing)03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultbloodHuman immunodeficiency virus infectionVirologySeroprevalenceHumanshumanDeveloping CountriesEstimationAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeSubnational mappingsbusiness.industrySeroepidemiologic StudieHIVAnti-HIV AgentPREVENTION030112 virologymortalitymonitoring3121 General medicine internal medicine and other clinical medicineHuman immunodeficiency virus antibodyAfricabusinessHIV incidence ; HIV mortality ; Subnational mapping ; Sub-Saharan Africa ; Local burden of disease ; Public healthDemography
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Active deformation in a sector of the Sicilian-Maghrebian Chain: new insights from integrated GNSS, structural high-resolution seismic reflection and…

2016

We document active deformation in a sector of the Sicilian Maghrebian Chain exposed in north Sicily and in its offshore prolongation on the basis of the integrated analysis of 1) time series of data collected by GNSS acquisition representing the change in the positions (X and Y) of permanent stations located in Palermo, Partinico, Prizzi, and Termini compared to the IGS station of Noto, 2) high-resolution (Sparker) single-channel reflection seismic data, 3) structural data, and 4) seismological data. The average values for the velocity vectors obtained for the Palermo, Partinico, Prizzi, and Termini Imerese stations are 4.55, 2.97, 2.96, and 2.15 mm/yr, respectively. The direction of the ve…

Active thrusting Sicilian-Maghrebian chain North Sicily GNSS velocity.Settore GEO/02 - Geologia Stratigrafica E SedimentologicaSettore GEO/03 - Geologia Strutturale
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Expression of properdin in human monocytes

1994

Properdin is the only known positive regulator of the alternative pathway of complement activation. Northern blot analysis of cell lines derived from fibroblasts, B-cells, hepatoma cells, and cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage revealed properdin expression only in the myelomonocytic cell line HL-60, in the monoblastic cell line U-937 and in the monocytic line Mono Mac 6. Culture of Mono Mac 6 cells for 24 h with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, bacterial lipopolysaccharide and the cytokines interleukin-1 beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha enhanced mRNA abundance, with the strongest effect (tenfold) being observed with the lipopolysaccharide. In contrast, recombinant interferon-gamm…

AdultLipopolysaccharidesLipopolysaccharidemedicine.medical_treatmentMolecular Sequence DataEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayBiologyurologic and male genital diseasesBiochemistryMonocytesCell LineInterferon-gammachemistry.chemical_compoundTumor Cells CulturedmedicineHumansRNA MessengerNorthern blotBase SequenceProperdinTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaMacrophagesMonocyteBlotting NorthernMolecular biologyRecombinant ProteinsComplement systemCytokinemedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryCell cultureImmunologyAlternative complement pathwayCytokinesTetradecanoylphorbol AcetateProperdinInterleukin-1European Journal of Biochemistry
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Carriage of Enterobacteria Producing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases and Composition of the Gut Microbiota in an Amerindian Community

2015

ABSTRACT Epidemiological and individual risk factors for colonization by enterobacteria producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (E-ESBL) have been studied extensively, but whether such colonization is associated with significant changes in the composition of the rest of the microbiota is still unknown. To address this issue, we assessed in an isolated Amerindian Guianese community whether intestinal carriage of E-ESBL was associated with specificities in gut microbiota using metagenomic and metatranscriptomic approaches. While the richness of taxa of the active microbiota of carriers was similar to that of noncarriers, the taxa were less homogeneous. In addition, species of four genera,…

AdultMale0301 basic medicinefood.ingredient030106 microbiologyGene ExpressionGut floradigestive systembeta-LactamasesCoprococcusMicrobiologyFeces03 medical and health sciencesfluids and secretionsfoodEnterobacteriaceaeMechanisms of ResistancePhylogeneticsRNA Ribosomal 16SHumansPharmacology (medical)ColonizationPhylogenyAgedPharmacologybiologyEnterobacteriaceae InfectionsSequence Analysis DNAMiddle Agedbiology.organism_classificationParabacteroidesDesulfovibrioEnterobacteriaceaeFrench GuianaGastrointestinal Microbiomestomatognathic diseasesInfectious DiseasesGenes BacterialMetagenomicsCarrier StateIndians North AmericanbacteriaMetagenomeDesulfovibrioFemaleTranscriptomeAntimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
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The Association of Arsenic Exposure and Arsenic Metabolism With the Metabolic Syndrome and Its Individual Components: Prospective Evidence From the S…

2018

Inorganic arsenic exposure is ubiquitous, and both exposure and interindividual differences in its metabolism have been associated with cardiometabolic risk. However, the associations of arsenic exposure and arsenic metabolism with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its individual components are relatively unknown. We used Poisson regression with robust variance to evaluate the associations of baseline arsenic exposure (urinary arsenic levels) and metabolism (relative percentage of arsenic species over their sum) with incident MetS and its individual components (elevated waist circumference, elevated triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hypertension, and elevated fast…

AdultMaleWaistDiabetes riskEpidemiologyOriginal Contributionschemistry.chemical_elementPhysiology010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesArsenicMidwestern United States03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyArsenic0105 earth and related environmental sciencesMetabolic SyndromeArsenic toxicitybusiness.industryArizonaEnvironmental exposureEnvironmental ExposureMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasechemistryIndians North AmericanFemaleMetabolic syndromebusinessCohort study
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Uncinaria hamiltoni (Nematoda: Ancylostomatidae) in South American Sea Lions, Otaria flavescens, From Northern Patagonia, Argentina

2004

Thirty-one South American sea lion pups (Otaria flavescens) found dead in Punta León, Argentina, during the summer of 2002, were examined for hookworms (Uncinaria hamiltoni). Parasite parameters were analyzed in 2 locations of the rookery, i.e., a traditional, well-structured breeding area and an expanding area with juveniles and a lax social structure. Prevalence of hookworms was 50% in both localities, and no difference was observed in prevalence between pup sexes (P > 0.05). Hookworms were concentrated in the small intestine. Transmammary transmission is assumed because only adult hookworms were found in the pups. The mean intensity of hookworms per pup was 135; the mean intensity in fem…

AncylostomatoideaMaleOtras Ciencias BiológicaseducationArgentinaZoology:CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA [UNESCO]Ciencias BiológicasHookworm Infectionsparasitic diseasesPrevalenceUNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDAAnimalsParasite hostingSex DistributionSea lionEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsRookeryUncinaria hamiltoniUncinaria hamiltonibiologyAncylostomatidaeEcology:CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA::Biología animal (Zoología) ::Parasitología animal [UNESCO]Otaria flavescensbiology.organism_classificationSea LionsUNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA::Biología animal (Zoología) ::Parasitología animalHookworm InfectionsSouth americanUncinaria hamiltoni ; Ancylostomatidae ; Sea Lions ; Northern Patagonia argentinaFemaleParasitologyAncylostomatidaeCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTASNorthern Patagonia argentina
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Ricerche di Archeologia cristiana e bizantina nella Sicilia occidentale

2017

The seventh Quaderno Digitale di Archeologia Postclassica contains the results of the researches conducted by the Department of Cultural Heritage of the University of Palermo and by the Pontificia Commissione di Archeologia Sacra in the Early Christian catacomb of Villagrazia di Carini during the years 2013-2014. Emma Vitale and Fortunatina Vaccaro present the stratigraphic excavation carried out in the south-eastern district of the cemetery, while, in the third study of the book, Giuseppe Falzone analyzes two painted funerary inscriptions on the interior walls of Byzantine burials brought to light, in recent years, along the Decumanus Maximus of Lilybaeum.

Archaeological excavationpainted inscriptionEarly Christian cemeteryarchaeological stratigraphyByzantine age in north-western SicilySettore L-ANT/08 - Archeologia Cristiana E Medievale
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Pullneyocoris dentatus gen. et sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidea: Cydnidae), the third representative of the subfamily Amnestinae from mid-Cretaceou…

2020

Abstract A new genus and species of burrower bug, Pullneyocoris dentatus gen. et sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Cydnidae: Amnestinae), is described from amber of northern Myanmar. It is the third representative of this family known from Burmese amber, and besides its autapomorphies, it presents a mixture of characters relevant to the extant Parachilocoris Horvath, 1919 and Pullneya Horvath, 1919. A comparison of this new genus to the two genera already described from the burmite, i.e. Chilamnestocoris Lis J.A., Lis. B. & Heiss, 2018, and Punctacorona Wang, Du, Yao & Ren, 2019 is also provided.

Arthropod syninclusions010506 paleontologyAutapomorphyAmnestinaeSubfamilybiologyPentatomoideaAmber of northern MyanmarPaleontologyZoology010502 geochemistry & geophysicsbiology.organism_classificationPullneyocoris dentatus gen. et sp. nov.01 natural sciencesHemipteraCretaceousBurrower bug fossilGenusMid-Cretaceous Burmese amberAmnestinaePlant syninclusionsCydnidaeCydnidae0105 earth and related environmental sciencesCretaceous Research
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