Search results for " Optics"

showing 10 items of 5880 documents

Nonlinear beam self-cleaning in a coupled cavity composite laser based on multimode fiber

2017

International audience; We study a coupled cavity laser configuration where a passively Q-switched Nd:YAG microchip laser is combined with an extended cavity, including a doped multimode fiber. For appropriate coupling levels with the extended cavity, we observed that beam self-cleaning was induced in the multimode fiber thanks to nonlinear modal coupling, leading to a quasi-single mode laser output. In the regime of beam self-cleaning, laser pulse duration was reduced from 525 to 225 ps. We also observed a Q-switched mode-locked operation, where spatial self-cleaning was accompanied by far-detuned nonlinear frequency conversion in the active multimode fiber.

cleaning; fibers; multimode fibersMaterials sciencePhysics::OpticscleaningPolarization-maintaining optical fiberfibers01 natural sciencesGraded-index fiberlaw.inventionmultimode fibers010309 opticsOpticslawFiber laser0103 physical sciencesLaser power scaling010306 general physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Distributed feedback laser[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Multi-mode optical fiberbusiness.industryLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsLaser beam qualitybusiness
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Fiberless, Multi-Channel fNIRS-EEG System Based on Silicon Photomultipliers: Towards Sensitive and Ecological Mapping of Brain Activity and Neurovasc…

2020

Portable neuroimaging technologies can be employed for long-term monitoring of neurophysiological and neuropathological states. Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) and Electroencephalography (EEG) are highly suited for such a purpose. Their multimodal integration allows the evaluation of hemodynamic and electrical brain activity together with neurovascular coupling. An innovative fNIRS-EEG system is here presented. The system integrated a novel continuous-wave fNIRS component and a modified commercial EEG device. fNIRS probing relied on fiberless technology based on light emitting diodes and silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). SiPMs are sensitive semiconductor detectors, whose large…

clinical brain monitoringBrain activity and meditationComputer scienceneurovascular couplingElectroencephalographylcsh:Chemical technologySettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica01 natural sciencesBiochemistryArticleAnalytical Chemistry010309 optics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSilicon photomultiplierNeuroimagingInterference (communication)Component (UML)0103 physical sciencesmedicineHumanslcsh:TP1-1185electroencephalography (EEG)Electrical and Electronic EngineeringSpectroscopyInstrumentationBrain MappingSpectroscopy Near-Infraredmedicine.diagnostic_testEcologyHemodynamicsmultimodal neuroimagingBrainMultimodal neuroimagingElectroencephalographyNeurophysiologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticsmedicine.anatomical_structureFPGA Brain Oxygenation Map clinical brain monitoringScalpSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E Informaticasilicon photomultipliers.Neurovascular couplingsilicon photomultipliers030217 neurology & neurosurgeryfunctional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)Sensors
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High-contrast sub-Doppler absorption spikes in a hot atomic vapor cell exposed to a dual-frequency laser field

2017

International audience; The saturated absorption technique is an elegant method widely used in atomic and molecular physics for high-resolution spectroscopy, laser frequency standards and metrology purposes. We have recently discovered that a saturated absorption scheme with a dual-frequency laser can lead to a significant sign reversal of the usual Doppler-free dip, yielding a deep enhanced-absorption spike. In this paper, we report detailed experimental investigations of this phenomenon, together with a full in-depth theoretical description. It is shown that several physical effects can support or oppose the formation of the high-contrast central spike in the absorption profile. The physi…

coherent population trappingGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticssymbols.namesakelawLaser cooling0103 physical sciencesvapor cellPhysics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Spectroscopyoptical pumpingPhysicsQuantum optics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Doppler-free spectroscopydual-frequency laserLaserAtomic clockMetrologyHanle effectsymbolsAtomic physics[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Doppler effect
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Emergent ultrafast phenomena in correlated oxides and heterostructures

2017

The possibility of investigating the dynamics of solids on timescales faster than the thermalization of the internal degrees of freedom has disclosed novel non-equilibrium phenomena that have no counterpart at equilibrium. Transition metal oxides (TMOs) provide an interesting playground in which the correlations among the charges in the metal $d$-orbitals give rise to a wealth of intriguing electronic and thermodynamic properties involving the spin, charge, lattice and orbital orders. Furthermore, the physical properties of TMOs can be engineered at the atomic level, thus providing the platform to investigate the transport phenomena on timescales of the order of the intrinsic decoherence ti…

coherent transportFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologySettore FIS/03 - FISICA DELLA MATERIA01 natural sciencesCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsPhysics and Astronomy (all)electronic coherenceTransition metalAtomic and Molecular PhysicsLattice (order)0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)coherent transport; electronic coherence; heterostructures; photon harvesting; pump probe; transition metal oxides; ultrafast dynamics; Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics; Mathematical Physics; Condensed Matter Physics; Physics and Astronomy (all)transition metal oxides010306 general physicsAnisotropyQuantumMathematical PhysicsPhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Mott insulatorMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Heterojunction021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticsultrafast dynamicsThermalisationheterostructuresChemical physicsphoton harvestingpump probeand Optics0210 nano-technologyTransport phenomenacoherent transport; electronic coherence; heterostructures; photon harvesting; pump probe; transition metal oxides; ultrafast dynamics;
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Progress in the Development of CdTe and CdZnTe Semiconductor Radiation Detectors for Astrophysical and Medical Applications

2009

Over the last decade, cadmium telluride (CdTe) and cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe) wide band gap semiconductors have attracted increasing interest as X-ray and gamma ray detectors. Among the traditional high performance spectrometers based on silicon (Si) and germanium (Ge), CdTe and CdZnTe detectors show high detection efficiency and good room temperature performance and are well suited for the development of compact and reliable detection systems. In this paper, we review the current status of research in the development of CdTe and CdZnTe detectors by a comprehensive survey on the material properties, the device characteristics, the different techniques for improving the overall detector…

compound semiconductorsSiliconcompound semiconductorchemistry.chemical_elementNanotechnologyGermaniumReviewlcsh:Chemical technologyBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundX-ray and gamma ray spectroscopylcsh:TP1-1185Electrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationcompound semiconductors; CdTe and CdZnTe detectors; X-ray and gamma ray spectroscopyPhysicsSpectrometerbusiness.industryDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleWide-bandgap semiconductorCdTe and CdZnTe detectorCdTe and CdZnTe detectorsSemiconductor radiation detectorsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCadmium telluride photovoltaicsSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Cadmium zinc telluridechemistryOptoelectronicsbusiness
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Constraining the pass-band of future space-based coronagraphs for observations of solar eruptions in the FeXIV 530.3 nm “green line”

2017

This research has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 647214) and from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. Observations of the solar corona in the FeXIV 530.3 nm “green line” have been very important in the past, and are planned for future coronagraphs on-board forthcoming space missions such as PROBA-3 and Aditya. For these instruments, a very important parameter to be optimized is the spectral width of the band-pass filter to be centred over the “green line”. Focusing on solar eruptions, motions occurring along the line of sight will Doppler shift the line prof…

coronal mass ejections [Sun]corona [Sun]media_common.quotation_subjectAstrophysics01 natural sciences010309 opticssymbols.namesakeSuperposition principle0103 physical sciencesSpectral widthQB AstronomySun: Coronal mass ejections010303 astronomy & astrophysicsQCmedia_commonLine (formation)Spectral purityQBPhysicsLine-of-sightnumerical [Methods]Sun: CoronaAstronomyInstrumentation: CoronagraphsAstronomy and AstrophysicsDASQC Physics13. Climate actionSkySpace and Planetary Sciencecoronagraphs [Instrumentation]Methods: NumericalsymbolsMagnetohydrodynamicsDoppler effectExperimental Astronomy
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Resolution Characterizations of JetRIS in Mainz Using 164Dy

2022

Atoms 10(2), 57 (2022). doi:10.3390/atoms10020057

de Laval nozzlenobeliumNuclear and High Energy PhysicsScience & TechnologyRESONANCE IONIZATION SPECTROSCOPYPhysicsJetRIS; fluorescence spectroscopy; gas-jet; de Laval nozzle; nobeliumPhysics Atomic Molecular & Chemicalfluorescence spectroscopyCondensed Matter Physics530Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsJetRISPhysical SciencesELEMENTSgas-jetddc:530Physics::Atomic PhysicsNuclear ExperimentLASER SPECTROSCOPYAtoms
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Liquid structure of a choline chloride-water natural deep eutectic solvent: A molecular dynamics characterization

2021

The liquid structure of a representative of the first water-in-salt (WiS) Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES), hereinafter indicated as aquoline, a mixture of choline chloride (ChCl) and water with molar ratio 1:3.33, is ex- plored at ambient conditions. Using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation tools, we extract structural informa- tion at atomistic level on the nature of inter-correlations between the different moieties. Despite being a very fluid liquid, with much lower viscosity than other common ChCl-based DES, aquoline turns out to be very struc- tured. Computed X-ray and neutron weighted scattering patterns (the latter also on selectively deuterated mix- tures) highlight the existe…

deep eutectic solvent02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesChloridechemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsPhase (matter)Materials ChemistrymedicineMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyEutectic systemChemistryHydrogen bond021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticsmolecular dynamicsPARTICLE MESH EWALDIONIC LIQUIDSNEUTRON-SCATTERINGMIXTURESNANOSTRUCTUREDENSITYACID0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDeep eutectic solventPhysical chemistry0210 nano-technologyliquid structuremedicine.drugCholine chloride
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Time-Frequency Characteristics of In-Home Radio Channels Influenced by Activities of the Home Occupant

2019

While aging is a serious global concern, in-home healthcare monitoring solutions are limited to context-aware systems and wearable sensors, which may easily be forgotten or ignored for privacy and comfort reasons. An emerging non-wearable fall detection approach is based on processing radio waves reflected off the body, who has no active interaction with the system. This paper reports on an indoor radio channel measurement campaign at 5.9 GHz, which has been conducted to study the impact of fall incidents and some daily life activities on the temporal and spectral properties of the indoor channel under both line-of-sight (LOS) and obstructed-LOS (OLOS) propagation conditions. The time-frequ…

device-free fall detectionComputer scienceReal-time computingWearable computerVDP::Information and communication science: 42002 engineering and technologylcsh:Chemical technology01 natural sciencesBiochemistryArticleAnalytical ChemistryDoppler power spectral density0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringlcsh:TP1-1185Electrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationnon-stationary radio channels010401 analytical chemistry020206 networking & telecommunicationsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesTime–frequency analysisspectrogram analysisVDP::Informasjons- og kommunikasjonsvitenskap: 420Radio waveCommunication channelambient-assisted livingSensors (Basel, Switzerland)
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Reconfigurable nonlinear response of dielectric and semiconductor metasurfaces

2021

Abstract Optically resonant dielectric and semiconductor metasurfaces are an emerging and promising area of nanophotonics and light–matter interaction at the nanoscale. Recently, active tuning of the linear response and nonlinear effects of these components has received an increasing amount of interest. However, so far these research directions have remained separated with only few sporadic works that study their combination beginning to appear in the literature. The evolution of nonlinear metasurfaces based on dielectric and semiconductor materials toward reconfigurable and dynamic components could potentially answer the demand of integrated on-chip components that realize essential functi…

dielectric metasurfaces nanophotonics nonlinear optics second-harmonic generation third-harmonic generationMaterials sciencebusiness.industrydielectric metasurfaces; nanophotonics; nonlinear optics; second-harmonic generation; third-harmonic generationPhysicsQC1-999nonlinear opticsNanophotonicsSecond-harmonic generationNonlinear opticsPhysics::OpticsSettore ING-INF/02 - Campi ElettromagneticiDielectricAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsthird-harmonic generationNonlinear systemSemiconductorOptoelectronicsnanophotonicsdielectric metasurfacesElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessBiotechnologysecond-harmonic generationNanophotonics
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