Search results for " POLICY"

The ‘Open Garden of Politics’: The impact of open primaries for candidate selection in the British Conservative Party

2016

International audience; Since 2003, hundreds of open primaries for the selection of parliamentary candidates have been held by the British Conservative Party as a means of democratising party organisation and enhancing representativeness. In the run-up to the 2015 general election, only 26 primaries could be identified. This article will apply the analytical framework provided by Hazan and Rahat to demonstrate that the relative failure of the experiment in terms of intra-party competition, participation, representation and responsiveness is counterbalanced by the benefits brought by this procedure, both as a tool of party branding at the national level and as a strategy for raising the prof…

How Critical Infrastructure Orients International Relief in Cascading Disasters

2016

Critical infrastructure and facilities are central assets in modern societies, but their impact on international disaster relief remains mostly associated with logistics challenges. The emerging literature on cascading disasters suggests the need to integrate the nonlinearity of events in the analyses. This article investigates three case studies: the 2002 floods in the Czech Republic, Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, tsunami and Fukushima meltdown in Japan. We explore how the failure of critical infrastructure can orient international disaster relief by shifting its priorities during the response. We argue that critical infrastructure can influence aid request and …

Terrorism communication : characteristics and emerging perspectives in the scientific literature 2002–2011

2013

This paper aims to clarify current knowledge on the contribution of communication to crisis management in the case of terrorism incidents. This is done by means of a systematic review of the scientific literature on terrorism communication over the last 10 years to identify the many challenges facing communication in such crises, and represents the first attempt of its kind. To date, within the literature on terrorism communication, much attention has been paid to chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear hazards. Terrorism crises are complex and challenging. Preparedness for such diverse low-probability high-impact crises can best be included in a wider educative approach. Terrorism cr…

Self-validating bundles for flexible data access control

2016

Modern cloud-based services offer free or low-cost content sharing with significant advantages for the users but also new issues in privacy and security. To protect sensitive contents (i.e., copyrighted, top secret, and personal data) from the unauthorized access, sophisticated access management systems or/and decryption schemes have been proposed, generally based on trusted applications at client side. These applications work also as access controllers, verifying specific permissions and restrictions accessing user’s resources. We propose secure bundles (S-bundles), which encapsulate a behavioral model (provided as bytecode) to define versatile stand-alone access controllers and encoding/d…

Backlash against the procedural consensus

2020

While the politics of backlash is typically described as a reaction to policy decisions in favour of minority rights, immigration or globalisation, this essay focuses on the fact that backlash typically also involves a reaction against the procedural consensus liberal democracy is based upon. This challenge to democratic procedures and institutions may be even more dangerous in its effects than the substantial objectives of backlash. I use the composite definition of backlash suggested by Alter and Zürn to assess in how far the attacks on the institutions of liberal democracy have retrograde objectives in themselves or in how far they are merely instrumental to the pursuit of other retrogr…

From “Mano Dura” to “Enfrentamiento Directo”: swings of public policies in El Salvador

2019

RESUMEN Introduccion: El presente trabajo analiza las cuatro principales politicas publicas de seguridad contra las pandillas en El Salvador: Mano Dura (2003-2004), Super Mano Dura (2004-2009), Tregua entre pandillas (2012-2014) y Enfrentamiento Directo (2014-2019). El objetivo es identificar la influencia de estas politicas sobre la violencia. Materiales y Metodos: Se trata de una investigacion cualitativa apoyada en 12 entrevistas y el relato de vida con las que se explora la responsabilidad gubernamental frente al problema de la violencia en El Salvador. El trabajo de campo se efectuo durante 7 meses, entre septiembre de 2016 y marzo de 2017. El tratamiento de la informacion se efectuo m…

Facteurs influençant le choix de la spécialité de médecine générale par les étudiants en médecine

2016

Contexte et problematique : Depuis plus de 20 ans, une diminution du nombre d'etudiants en medecine choisissant de devenir medecin generaliste semble s’observer. Objectif : L'objectif de cette etude etait d'etudier les facteurs influencant ce choix chez des etudiants en medecine d'une faculte francaise. Methodes : Une etude observationnelle descriptive a ete realisee en mars 2015. Les etudiants de la faculte de medecine de l’Universite de Caen (France) inscrits aux epreuves classantes nationales ont ete invites a repondre a un questionnaire valide auto-administre divise en trois parties : renseignements personnels ; choix de specialite et ville d'affectation ; facteurs influencant le choix …

La Declaración GATHER para la presentación precisa y trasparente de los estudios sobre estimaciones de salud procedentes de múltiples fuentes de info…

2016

Transteoretical Approaches on Domestic Violence

2019

Abstract Domestic violence is a widespread public health problem. Domestic violence does not just manifest itself physically, it can take different forms, from verbal aggression to insults of psychological, emotional, sexual, material deprivation or simply negligence. All these affect the victim in many ways. Thus, the professionals in medical, legal sciences, but also the state authorities with responsibilities in social protection and assistance must know the phenomenon very well and find the best ways to fight it. No institution will be able to achieve this objective by working individually, but only an efficient cooperation of all these factors can contribute to limiting the negative ef…

Réhospitalisation précoce des personnes âgées d’au moins 75 ans admises dans un service de médecine polyvalente post-urgence : taux et facteurs prédi…

2016

Resume Introduction Compte tenu des implications de la rehospitalisation a l’echelon individuel et societal, le depistage des personnes âgees (PA) a risque apparait fondamental. Nous avons analyse les facteurs predictifs de rehospitalisation precoce des PA d’au moins 75 ans hospitalisees en medecine. Methodes Etude retrospective monocentrique ayant inclus des PA d’au moins 75 ans hospitalisees en medecine polyvalente via le service d’accueil des urgences. Les patients decedes durant l’hospitalisation, mutes et hospitalises le mois precedent etaient exclus. L’influence sur la rehospitalisation a un mois de donnees sociodemographiques, administratives et biomedicales a ete analysee. Resultats…