Search results for " Sensitivity"

showing 10 items of 947 documents

Antibacterial and anticoagulant activities of coumarins isolated from the flowers of Magydaris tomentosa.

2006

The phytochemical investigation of the acetone and methanol extracts of the flowers of Magydaris tomentosa (Desf.) DC afforded six known coumarins as well as (+)-meranzin hydrate (7), not previously reported as a natural product. The antibacterial activity of umbelliprenin (1), osthol (2), imperatorin (3), citropten (4) and (+)-meranzin hydrate (7) was tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. All coumarins (1-7) isolated in this study inhibited growth of all bacterial strains tested (MIC between 16 and 256 microg/mL), the most active being imperatorin (3) (MICs between 32 and 128 microg/mL) and citropten (4) (MICs between 16 and 256 microg/mL). The anticoagulant activity of …

MalePharmaceutical ScienceCitroptenFlowersMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPharmacognosyAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCoumarinsDrug DiscoveryOrganic chemistryAnimalsRats WistarAntibacterial agentPharmacologyApiaceaebiologyTraditional medicineImperatorinOrganic ChemistryAnticoagulantsbiology.organism_classificationAnti-Bacterial AgentsRatsComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryPhytochemicalMolecular MedicineAntibacterial activityOstholApiaceaePlanta medica
researchProduct

Contrast sensitivity of the visual system in speckle imagery

1994

The contrast sensitivity function (CSF) of the whole visual system is determined with the use of coherent diffuse illumination. This function provides supplementary data about the effect of speckle on the ability of the visual system to perceive the spatial information contained in an image. The results show that speckle not only prevents perception of the finest details (highest frequencies) but also reduces the visibility of lower frequencies (especially where contrast is low). The difference between the CSF's determined with and without speckle is quantitatively very important. And the ratio between the two CSF's is a measure of the retinal ability to perceive contrast in the presence of…

MalePhysicsLightgenetic structuresbusiness.industryImage qualitymedia_common.quotation_subjectPupilSpeckle noiseLuminanceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPupilElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsContrast SensitivitySpeckle patternOpticsHumansContrast (vision)FemaleComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSpatial frequencySensitivity (control systems)businessVision Ocularmedia_commonJournal of the Optical Society of America A
researchProduct

Influence of the contrast sensitivity function on the reaction time

1993

The reaction time (RT) vs spatial frequency (SF) curve is determined, using gratings from 1 to 40 c/deg, at seven different contrast levels between 0.95 and 0.02. The form of the RT/SF function: (a) replicated the inverse of the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) at near threshold contrast levels; (b) behaved differently at higher contrasts, exhibiting two branches at contrast close to 1. The interpretation is that there are two factors determining this function: (1) the transition from the operation of fast transient channels at low SF to the operation of slow sustained channels at high SF, the transition taking place within a narrow SF band close to 6 or 8 c/deg (depending on the subject…

MalePhysicsSpatial visionbusiness.industryAttenuationContrast (statistics)Space perceptionFunction (mathematics)Sensory SystemsContrast SensitivityOphthalmologyNear thresholdNuclear magnetic resonanceOpticsPattern Recognition VisualSensory ThresholdsReaction TimeRange (statistics)HumansFemaleSpatial frequencybusinessVision Research
researchProduct

Posaconazole against Candida glabrata Isolates with Various Susceptibilities to Fluconazole

2008

ABSTRACT We investigated the in vitro activities of posaconazole (POS), fluconazole (FLC), amphotericin B (AMB), and caspofungin (CAS) against four clinical isolates of Candida glabrata with various susceptibilities to FLC (FLC MICs ranging from 1.0 to >64 μg/ml). POS MICs ranged from ≤0.03 to 0.5 μg/ml; AMB MICs ranged from 0.25 to 2.0 μg/ml, while CAS MICs ranged from 0.03 to 0.25 μg/ml. When FLC MICs increased, so did POS MICs, although we did not observe any isolate with a POS MIC greater than 0.5 μg/ml. Time-kill experiments showed that POS, FLC, and CAS were fungistatic against all isolates, while AMB at eight times the MIC was fungicidal against three out of four isolates of C. gl…

MalePosaconazoleAntifungal AgentsCandida glabrataMicrobial Sensitivity TestsDrug resistanceBiologyKidneyMicrobiologyMicechemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Resistance Fungalhemic and lymphatic diseasesAmphotericin BmedicineAnimalsHumansExperimental TherapeuticsPharmacology (medical)FluconazolePharmacologyCandida glabrataExperimental modelCandidiasisFungi imperfectiTriazolesbiology.organism_classificationTreatment OutcomeInfectious DiseaseschemistryCaspofunginFluconazolemedicine.drugAntimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
researchProduct

Inhibition of Trypanosoma cruzi by plant extracts used in Chinese medicine.

2004

In this work, we assessed the effect of extracts obtained from 17 plants used in traditional Chinese medicine. These extracts were tested in vitro with the epimastigote form of Trypanosoma cruzi, clone Bra C(15) C(2), at 27 degrees C in F-29 medium at a concentration of 100 microg/ml in axenic cultures. Allopurinol was used as reference drug. Seven plant extracts showed inhibitory activities lower than 25%. Pueraria lobata, Mahonia beaei, Dictamus dasycarpus, Kochia scoparia, Sophora flavescens and Ligustrum lucidum showed effects with inhibition values between 25% and 60%, whereas Lithospermum erythrorhizon, Saussurea lappa, Melia toosendan and Cinnamomum cassia showed the greatest inhibit…

MalePuerariaTrypanosoma cruziMahoniaPharmacognosyPlant RootsInhibitory Concentration 50Parasitic Sensitivity TestsCassiaDrug DiscoveryAnimalsMedicine Chinese TraditionalRats WistarPharmacologySophora flavescensPlants MedicinalbiologyTraditional medicinePlant StemsPlant ExtractsGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationLithospermum erythrorhizonTrypanocidal AgentsRatsFruitSeedsPlant BarkScopariaRhizomeCinnamomumPhytotherapyFitoterapia
researchProduct

Assessment of a qualitative serological assay to screen for allergic sensitization in elderly subjects

2013

We used a commercially available specific IgE qualitative serological assay to screen for allergic sensitization. Two hundred twenty-eight elderly subjects took part in the study. Skin-prick tests (SPTs) to a panel of relevant aeroallergens present in the study area were used as the diagnostic reference procedure (gold standard). Subjects with at least one positive SPT (≥3 mml n = 76) were considered to have developed an allergic sensitization. The qualitative assay correctly classified subjects as sensitized to an allergen or not sensitized in 257 of 288 cases (accuracy, 88.9%; 95% CI, 85.0-92.0%). The qualitative assay sensitivity was 70.0 (95% CI, 58.1-79.7) and specificity was 95.7 (95%…

MalePulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/09 - Medicina InternadiagnosisPopulationPharmacologymedicine.disease_causeSensitivity and SpecificityLikelihood ratios in diagnostic testingGastroenterologySerologyAllergenElderlyPredictive Value of TestsInternal medicineRespiratory HypersensitivitymedicineHumansMass ScreeningImmunology and AllergySerologic TestseducationAgedPhadiatopeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryAtopyReproducibility of ResultsGeneral MedicineGold standard (test)Assay sensitivityAllergensImmunoglobulin EPredictive value of testsDiagnostic odds ratioFemaleImmunizationbusiness
researchProduct

Prevalence and risk factors for Enterobacteriaceae in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia

2020

N.J.S. is partially funded by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) Partnered Evaluation Initiative Grant (HX002263-01A1). Background and objective : Enterobacteriaceae (EB) spp. family is known to include potentially multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms, and remains as an important cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) associated with high mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and specific risk factors associated with EB and MDR-EB in a cohort of hospitalized adults with CAP. Methods : We performed a multinational, point-prevalence study of adult patients hospitalized with CAP. MDR-EB was defined when ≥3 ant…

MalePulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtycommunity-acquired pneumoniaCommunity-acquired pneumoniaEnterobacteriaceae ; community-acquired pneumonia ; multidrug-resistance ; prevalence ; risk factorsInternational CooperationprevalenceMultidrug-resistanceMicrobial Sensitivity TestsSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioResearch initiativeE-NDASCohort StudiesCommunity-acquired pneumoniaSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingEnterobacteriaceaePrevalenceHumansMedicinerisk factorsIn patientRisk factorVeterans Affairshealth care economics and organizationsAgedbusiness.industryEnterobacteriaceae InfectionsQR Microbiologymedicine.diseasecommunity-acquired pneumonia; Enterobacteriaceae; multidrug-resistance; prevalence; risk factorsmultidrug-resistanceDrug Resistance MultiplehumanitiesQuality enhancementQRCommunity-Acquired InfectionsHospitalizationRisk factorsrisk factorFamily medicineFemalebusinessRisk assessmentCohort study
researchProduct

Normal Reference Ranges for Echocardiography: Rationale, study design, and methodology (NORRE Study)

2013

International audience; BACKGROUND: Availability of normative reference values for cardiac chamber dimensions, volumes, mass, and function is a prerequisite for the accurate application of echocardiography for both clinical and research purposes. However, due to the lack of consistency in current echocardiographic 'reference values', their use for clinical decision-making remains questionable. AIMS: The aim of the 'Normal Reference Ranges for Echocardiography Study (NORRE Study)' is to obtain a set of 'normal values' for cardiac chamber geometry and function in a large cohort of healthy Caucasian individuals aged over a wide range of ages (25-75 years) using both conventional and advanced e…

MaleRadiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingMESH: Echocardiography DopplerLeftSex Factor030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyDoppler echocardiographyDoppler imagingMESH: Stroke VolumeMESH: Ventricular Function LeftVentricular Function Left030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingHeart VentricleCohort Studies0302 clinical medicine[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingNuclear Medicine and ImagingVentricular FunctionAge FactorProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyMESH: Cohort StudiesMESH: Aged2D and 3D echocardiographyMESH: Middle Agedmedicine.diagnostic_testAnthropometryAge FactorsDopplerGeneral MedicinePulsedReference Standardsreference valuesMiddle AgedCardiac mechanicEchocardiography Doppler3. Good healthEuropeMESH: Echocardiography Doppler PulsedCardiac mechanicsEchocardiographyMESH: Reference Standards[SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/BioengineeringFemaleRadiologyCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingCohort study2D and 3D echocardiography; Cardiac mechanics; Chamber size and function; M-mode; reference values; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Anthropometry; Cohort Studies; Echocardiography Doppler; Echocardiography Doppler Pulsed; Europe; Female; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Reference Standards; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sex Factors; Stroke Volume; Ventricular Function Left; Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; Radiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyHeart VentriclesM-modeChamber size and functionSensitivity and Specificity03 medical and health sciencesSex FactorsMESH: Sex FactorsMESH: Anthropometry[SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular systemmedicineHumansMedical physicsAgedMESH: Age FactorsEchocardiography Doppler PulsedReproducibilityMESH: Humansbusiness.industryreference valueMESH: AdultStroke VolumeMESH: MaleMESH: Prospective StudiesMESH: Sensitivity and SpecificitySurgeryClinical trialProspective StudieSample size determinationReference StandardObservational studyMESH: EuropeMESH: Heart VentriclesCohort StudiebusinessMESH: Female
researchProduct

Working-Age Cataract Patients: Visual Results, Reading Performance, and Quality of Life with Three Diffractive Multifocal Intraocular Lenses

2013

Purpose To compare the visual outcomes, reading performance, and quality of life (QoL) of working-age cataractous patients bilaterally implanted with 3 different diffractive multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs). Design Two-center, randomized, prospective, double-masked study. Participants Sixty-three consecutive patients (126 eyes) seen at Ophthalmology Section, Palermo and Florence University, Italy, randomized to receive the ReSTOR SN6AD3 (Alcon Laboratories, Inc, Irvine, CA) (20 patients, group A), ReSTOR SN6AD1 (Alcon Laboratories, Inc) (21 patients, group B), or TECNIS ZMA00 (Abbott Medical Optics, Santa Ana, CA) (22 patients, group C) MIOL. Intervention Phacoemulsification. Main Outc…

MaleRefractive errorVisual acuitygenetic structuresMesopic visionmedicine.medical_treatmentMesopic VisionVisual AcuitySettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataLens Implantation IntraocularSickness Impact ProfileSurveys and QuestionnairesMedicineContrast (vision)Prospective StudiesProspective cohort studyOPTICAL-QUALITYmedia_commonLenses IntraocularVision BinocularOUTCOMESMiddle AgedRESTORFemalemedicine.symptomA+3.00 DPhotopic visionDIOPTER ADDITIONmedicine.medical_specialtyINSTITUTE-REFRACTIVE ERRORmedia_common.quotation_subjectMODELSProsthesis DesignCataractDouble-Blind MethodOphthalmologyCONTRAST SENSITIVITYHumansBILATERAL IMPLANTATIONPhacoemulsificationColor Visionbusiness.industrySettore MED/30 - Malattie Apparato VisivoPhacoemulsificationMultifocal intraocular lensmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesOphthalmologyVISIONINSTITUTE-REFRACTIVE ERROR; CONTRAST SENSITIVITY; BILATERAL IMPLANTATION; DIOPTER ADDITION; OPTICAL-QUALITY; A+3.00 D; VISION; RESTOR; OUTCOMES; MODELSReadingQuality of LifeOptometryMultifocal IOL diffractive Quality of lifebusinessFollow-Up Studies
researchProduct

Visual and Refractive Outcomes in Hyperopic Pseudophakic Patients Implanted with the Acri.LISA 366D Multifocal Intraocular Lens

2009

Our purpose was to assess the visual quality after bilateral implantation of the Acri.LISA 366D intraocular lens (IOL; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany) in patients with hyperopia. We did a prospective and nonrandomized study. One hundred and seventy eyes of 85 patients had bilateral implantation of the Acri.LISA 366D IOL. The patients were divided into 2 groups: low to moderate hyperopia (IOL power, 21 to 24.5 diopters [D]) and high hyperopia (IOL power, 25 to 36 D). Monocular and binocular best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), best distance-corrected near visual acuity (BCNVA), binocular best distance-corrected intermediate visual acuity (VA), and distance contrast sensitivity …

MaleRefractive errormedicine.medical_specialtyVisual acuityPseudophakiagenetic structuresMesopic visionmedicine.medical_treatmentAcrylic ResinsVisual AcuityIntraocular lensContrast SensitivityVision disorderTonometry OcularLens Implantation IntraocularOphthalmologymedicineHumansProspective StudiesIntraocular PressureDioptreLenses IntraocularVision BinocularPhacoemulsificationbusiness.industryHipermetropíaPresbyopiaMiddle AgedMultifocal intraocular lensmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesOphthalmoscopyOphthalmologyHyperopiaTreatment OutcomeOftalmologíaOptometryFemalesense organsmedicine.symptombusinessPhotopic visionAmerican Journal of Ophthalmology
researchProduct