Search results for " Specificity"
showing 10 items of 2170 documents
Bleach interference in forensic luminol tests on porous surfaces: more about the drying time effect.
2009
As criminals try to avoid leaving clues at the scene of a crime, bloodstains are often washed away, but fortunately for investigators, they are difficult to eliminate completely. Porous surfaces easily retain blood traces, which are sometimes invisible to the naked eye. The reagent of choice for detecting latent blood traces on all types of surfaces is luminol, but its main disadvantage is a high degree of sensitivity to oxidising contaminants in the blood sample. If household bleach is used to clean bloodstains, presumptive tests are invalidated. Hypochlorites, however, are known to be unstable and deteriorate over time, and this feature could be of help in preventing household bleach-indu…
Determination of cow’s milk in non-bovine and mixed cheeses by capillary electrophoresis of whey proteins in acidic isoelectric buffers
2000
An improved method for the determination of cow's milk in non-bovine cheese is reported: electrophoresis of whey proteins in acidic, isoelectric buffers. Two background electrolytes (BGEs) have been tested: (i) 50 mM iminodiacetic acid (pH=isoelectric point=2.30 at 25 degrees C), 0.5% hydroxyethylcellulose, 0.1% Tween 20 and 6 M urea (apparent pH 3.1), E=300 V/cm, for the separation of alpha-lactalbumins (alpha-LAs); (ii) a BGE with the same composition, but supplemented with 10% Tween 20, E=450 V/cm, for the fractionation of beta-lactoglobulins (beta-LGs). Surfactants have a discriminating effect on the retention behaviour of the bovine alpha-LA and beta-LG proteins, owing to the different…
Fast identification of wine related lactic acid bacteria by multiplex PCR
2013
The microflora of must and wine consists of yeasts, acetic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The latter group plays an important role for wine quality. The malolactic fermentation carried out by LAB leads to deacidification and stabilisation of wines. Nevertheless, LAB are often associated with wine spoilage. They are mainly responsible for the formation of biogenic amines. Furthermore, some strains produce exopolysaccharide slimes, acetic acid, diacetyl and other off-flavours. In this context a better monitoring of the vinification process is crucial to improve wine quality. Moreover, a lot of biodiversity studies would also profit from a fast and reliable identification method…
Differences in the glucose and fructose consumption profiles in diverse Saccharomyces wine species and their hybrids during grape juice fermentation
2009
7 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables.
Concentration of ochratoxin A in wines from supermarkets and stores of Valencian Community (Spain)
2004
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi species belonging to the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium being isolated in alcoholic beverages. The aim of this work is developed and applied a procedure for the analysis of OTA in wines. An analytical method based on immunoaffinity column (IAC) for clean-up, liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (LC-FD), and LC-FD after of OTA methylation was used to determine the occurrence of OTA in wines. Recoveries of this mycotoxin spiked to red wines at 0.5 ng/ml level were >90% with an average of relative standards deviations of 4%. Furthermore, 116 wine samples from designation of origin (DO) and three samples from food stores of Va…
Rational selection of non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts for mixed starters based on ester formation and enological traits
2008
Thirty-eight yeast strains belonging to the genera Candida, Hanseniaspora, Pichia, Torulaspora and Zygosaccharomyces were screened for ester formation on synthetic microbiological medium. The genera Hanseniaspora and Pichia stood out as the best acetate ester producers. Based on the ester profile Hanseniaspora guilliermondii 11027 and 11102, Hanseniaspora osmophila 1471 and Pichia membranifaciens 10113 and 10550 were selected for further characterization of enological traits. When growing on must H. osmophila 1471, which displayed a glucophilic nature and was able to consume more than 90% of initial must sugars, produced levels of acetic acid, medium chain fatty acids and ethyl acetate, wit…
Disentangling canid howls across multiple species and subspecies: Structure in a complex communication channel
2016
Wolves, coyotes, and other canids are members of a diverse genus of top predators of considerable conservation and management interest. Canid howls are long-range communication signals, used both for territorial defence and group cohesion. Previous studies have shown that howls can encode individual and group identity. However, no comprehensive study has investigated the nature of variation in canid howls across the wide range of species. We analysed a database of over 2000 howls recorded from 13 different canid species and subspecies. We applied a quantitative similarity measure to compare the modulation pattern in howls from different populations, and then applied an unsupervised clusteri…
Global patterns of sequence evolution in Drosophila.
2007
This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/8/408
Reconstruction of hyperspectral cutaneous data from an artificial neural network-based multispectral imaging system.
2011
International audience; The development of an integrated MultiSpectral Imaging (MSI) system yielding hyperspectral cubes by means of artificial neural networks is described. The MSI system is based on a CCD camera, a rotating wheel bearing a set of seven interference filters, a light source and a computer. The resulting device has been elaborated for in vivo imaging of skin lesions. It provides multispectral images and is coupled with a software reconstructing hyperspectral cubes from multispectral images. Reconstruction is performed by a neural network-based algorithm using heteroassociative memories. The resulting hyperspectral cube provides skin optical reflectance spectral data combined…
Infection with acanthocephalans increases the vulnerability of Gammarus pulex (Crustacea, Amphipoda) to non-host invertebrate predators.
2008
SUMMARYPhenotypic alterations induced by parasites in their intermediate hosts often result in enhanced trophic transmission to appropriate final hosts. However, such alterations may also increase the vulnerability of intermediate hosts to predation by non-host species. We studied the influence of both infection with 3 different acanthocephalan parasites (Pomphorhynchus laevis, P. tereticollis, and Polymorphus minutus) and the availability of refuges on the susceptibility of the amphipod Gammarus pulex to predation by 2 non-host predators in microcosms. Only infection with P. laevis increased the vulnerability of amphipods to predation by crayfish, Orconectes limosus. In contrast, in the ab…