Search results for " X-Ray"

showing 10 items of 2156 documents

First discovery of orichalcum ingots from the remains of a 6th century BC shipwreck near Gela (Sicily) seabed

2017

Ingots recently recovered from the seabed near Gela, a major harbour of Sicily, reveal an unexpected side of ancient metallurgy. The ingots were found near remains of a ship and earthenware dated around the end of the VI century BC and probably coming from the eastern Mediterranean and the Aegean sea. The ingots were analysed by means of X-Ray Fluorescence spectroscopy via a portable spectrometer. Results indicate that they are mostly consist of copper and zinc although many of them have a significant amount of lead. This alloy is nowday called brass, but in ancient time it was know as orichalcum, one of the rarest and most precious alloy along with gold and silver. Only small items of oric…

010506 paleontologyArcheology060102 archaeologyArcheology (arts and humanities)06 humanities and the artsOrichalcum01 natural sciencesSettore CHIM/12 - Chimica Dell'Ambiente E Dei Beni CulturaliX-rays fluorescenceingotsingotOrichalcum ingots X-rays fluorescence archaeometallurgyarchaeometallurgy0601 history and archaeology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
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Chemical and mineralogical analyses on stones from Sagunto Castle (Spain)

2019

Abstract For the first time, an archaeometric study was carried out on the carbonate rock ashlars of the Sagunto Castle. The studied site is one of the most important and best preserved Spanish archaeological and architectural monuments, characterized by different construction phases from the Roman period to Modern Ages. Forty samples collected from thirteen different structures of Sagunto Castle and two quarries, located in the Sagunto's hill were used for comparative purposes. The samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to determine their mineralogical and elemental composition. The obtained data show similar chemical…

010506 paleontologyArcheologyElemental composition060102 archaeologyOutcropRemainsBuilding stone06 humanities and the artsMineralogyMiddle ages01 natural sciencesArchaeologyRoman periodBuilding stone; Chemistry; Fortress; Middle ages; Mineralogy; Remains; Roman periodFortressChemistryPeriod (geology)Carbonate rock0601 history and archaeologyarchaeometrics; carbonate rock ashlars; X-ray fluorescence and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry0105 earth and related environmental sciencesJournal of Archaeological Science: Reports
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Low-Power, Subthreshold Reference Circuits for the Space Environment : Evaluated with -rays, X-rays, Protons and Heavy Ions

2019

The radiation tolerance of subthreshold reference circuits for space microelectronics is presented. The assessment is supported by measured results of total ionization dose and single event transient radiation-induced effects under &gamma

02 engineering and technologyHardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITYgammasäteily7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesanalog single-event transient (ASET)Ionizationsingle-event effects (SEE)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringAnnan elektroteknik och elektronikElectronic circuitPhysicsprotonsSubthreshold conductionionisoiva säteilyröntgensäteilyGamma raygamma-raysHardware and ArchitectureAtomic physicsVoltage referencemikroelektroniikkaprotonitComputer Networks and Communicationslcsh:TK7800-8360voltage referenceIonheavy-ions0103 physical sciencesionizationradiation hardening by design (RHBD)X-raysHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSMicroelectronicsElectrical and Electronic Engineeringhiukkassäteilybandgap voltage reference (BGR)Other Electrical Engineering Electronic Engineering Information Engineering010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industry020208 electrical & electronic engineeringlcsh:Electronicsspace electronicstotal ionization dose (TID)Analog single-event transient (ASET); Bandgap voltage reference (BGR); CMOS analog integrated circuits; Gamma-rays; Heavy-ions; Ionization; Protons; Radiation hardening by design (RHBD); Reference circuits; Single-event effects (SEE); Space electronics; Total ionization dose (TID); Voltage reference; X-raysmikropiiritsäteilyfysiikkaControl and Systems Engineeringreference circuitsSignal ProcessingbusinessSpace environmentHardware_LOGICDESIGNCMOS analog integrated circuits
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Residual stress measurement in innovative friction stir welding processes

2017

In recent years, important innovations have been introduced in Friction Stir Welding (FSW) technology such as, for example, the Laser assisted Friction Stir Welding (LFSW) and in-process Cooled Friction Stir Welding (CFSW). Residual stresses have a fundamental role in welded structures because they affect the way to design the structures, fatigue life, corrosion resistance and many other material properties. Consequently, it is important to investigate the residual stress distribution in FSW where, though the heat input is lower compared to traditional welding techniques, the constraints applied to the parts to weld are more severe. The aim of the present work is to verify the capabilities …

0209 industrial biotechnologyMaterials scienceFriction Stir Welding; In-process Cooled Friction Stir Welding; Laser assisted Friction Stir Welding; Residual stress; X-ray diffraction; Materials Science (all); Mechanics of Materials; Mechanical EngineeringLaser assisted Friction Stir WeldingFriction Stir WeldingResidual stress02 engineering and technologyWeldinglaw.invention020901 industrial engineering & automationlawResidual stressFriction stir weldingGeneral Materials ScienceFriction weldingComposite materialMechanical EngineeringMetallurgyIn-process Cooled Friction Stir Welding021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyStrength of materialsX-ray diffractionMechanics of MaterialsMaterials Science (all)0210 nano-technologyresidual stress friction stir welding laser assisted friction stir welding in-process cooled friction stir welding x-ray diffraction
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Direct laser welding of pure titanium to austenitic stainless steel

2018

Abstract Direct butt joining of pure titanium to 316L stainless steel with continuous Yb:YAG laser was performed with variation of the beam offset from joint line. Mechanical properties of samples were evaluated by tensile tests and three-point flexural tests. The fractured surfaces and cross sections of welds were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Tensile properties of welds were strongly determined by the beam offset from joint line and are well described by Weibull statistics. Ultimate tensile strength of 174 ± 69 MPa and ultimate flexural strength of 297 ± 48 MPa were obtained. Brittle fracture took place in…

0209 industrial biotechnologyMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopeEnergy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopyLaser beam weldingchemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyengineering.material021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology020901 industrial engineering & automationFlexural strengthchemistryUltimate tensile strengthengineeringGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesAustenitic stainless steelComposite material0210 nano-technologyBeam (structure)General Environmental ScienceTitaniumProcedia CIRP
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Investigation of Isoindolo[2,1-a] quinoxaline-6-imines as Topoisomerase I Inhibitors with Molecular Modeling Methods

2017

Background: Isoindolo[2,1-alpha] quinoxalines constitute an important class of compounds which demonstrated potent antiproliferative activity against different human tumor cell lines and topoisomerase I inhibitors. In particular, their water soluble imine or iminium salts recently synthesized showed potent growth inhibitory effect on NCI-60 tumor cell line panel and biological studies performed on the most active compounds demonstrated that they cause DNA damage via topoisomerase I poisoning. Objective: Herein, we investigate with molecular modeling methods, the common features responsible for topoisomerase I inhibition of the water-soluble isoindolo[2,1-alpha] quinoxalin-6-imines, by compa…

0301 basic medicine030103 biophysicsMolecular modelStereochemistryDNA damageAntineoplastic AgentsIsoindolesTopoisomerase-I InhibitorCrystallography X-RayaromatechinStructure-Activity Relationship03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundQuinoxalinetopotecanantiproliferativeCell Line TumorNeoplasmsQuinoxalinesquinoxalineDrug DiscoveryHumansCell Proliferationbiologypharmacophore modelTopoisomeraseIminiumGeneral MedicineSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaMolecular Docking SimulationTopoisomerase IindenoisoquinolineDNA Topoisomerases Type IchemistryDocking (molecular)dockingbiology.proteinMolecular MedicineTopoisomerase I; quinoxaline; antiproliferative; topotecan; aromatechin; indenoisoquinoline; docking; pharmacophore modelIminesTopoisomerase I InhibitorsPharmacophore
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Hybrid Biopolymer and Lipid Nanoparticles with Improved Transfection Efficacy for mRNA

2020

Cells 9(9), 2034 (1-19) (2020). doi:10.3390/cells9092034

0301 basic medicine570small angle scatteringNanoparticlecationic lipid02 engineering and technologyengineering.materialTransfectionArticleCell LineFatty Acids Monounsaturated03 medical and health sciencesMiceBiopolymersddc:570AnimalsHumansRNA MessengerParticle Sizelcsh:QH301-705.5chemistry.chemical_classificationMice Inbred BALB Ccancer immunotherapySmall-angle X-ray scatteringHeparinOptical ImagingCationic polymerizationGeneral MedicinePolymerTransfection021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyvaccinationSmall-angle neutron scatteringLipidslipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticlesQuaternary Ammonium Compounds030104 developmental biologychemistrylcsh:Biology (General)cationic polymerBiophysicsengineeringNanoparticlesRNAFemalePolymer blendBiopolymer0210 nano-technologyCovid-19
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Phase I Study of the Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) Inhibitor Navoximod (GDC-0919) Administered with PD-L1 Inhibitor (Atezolizumab) in Advanced…

2019

Abstract Purpose: IDO1 induces immune suppression in T cells through l-tryptophan (Trp) depletion and kynurenine (Kyn) accumulation in the local tumor microenvironment, suppressing effector T cells and hyperactivating regulatory T cells (Treg). Navoximod is an investigational small-molecule inhibitor of IDO1. This phase I study evaluated safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of navoximod in combination with atezolizumab, a PD-L1 inhibitor, in patients with advanced cancer. Patients and Methods: The study consisted of a 3+3 dose-escalation stage (n = 66) and a tumor-specific expansion stage (n = 92). Navoximod was given orally every 12 hours continuously for 21 consecu…

0301 basic medicineAdultCancer ResearchIndoles[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular BiologyPharmacologyAntibodies Monoclonal HumanizedArticleB7-H1 Antigen03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePharmacokineticsAtezolizumabRenal cell carcinomaNeoplasmsAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsmedicineBiomarkers TumorHumansIndoleamine-Pyrrole 23-DioxygenaseNeoplasm MetastasisAgedNeoplasm StagingAged 80 and overBladder cancerbusiness.industryMelanomaImidazolesMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance Imaging3. Good health030104 developmental biologyTreatment OutcomeOncologyTolerability030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPharmacodynamicsPD-L1 inhibitorbusinessTomography X-Ray Computed
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The torso integration hypothesis revisited in Homo sapiens: Contributions to the understanding of hominin body shape evolution.

2018

Objectives: Lower thoracic widths and curvatures track upper pelvic widths and iliac blades curvatures in hominins and other primates (torso integration hypothesis). However, recent studies suggest that sexual dimorphism could challenge this assumption in Homo sapiens. We test the torso integration hypothesis in two modern human populations, both considering and excluding the effect of sexual dimorphism. We further assess covariation patterns between different thoracic and pelvic levels, and we explore the allometric effects on torso shape variation. Material and Methods: A sex-balanced sample of 50 anatomically connected torsos (25 Mediterraneans, 25 Sub-Saharan Africans) was segmented fro…

0301 basic medicineAdultMaleBlack PeopleComputed tomographyBiologyModels BiologicalWhite PeopleAnthropology Physical03 medical and health sciencesSexual dimorphismImaging Three-DimensionalmedicineBody SizeHumans0601 history and archaeologyMorphometricsGeometric morphometricsAllometrySex Characteristics060101 anthropologymedicine.diagnostic_testintegumentary systemAnthropometryTorso06 humanities and the artsAnatomyTorsoBiological EvolutionSexual dimorphismbody regions030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureBody shapeHomo sapiensAnthropologyFemaleAllometryAnatomyTomography X-Ray ComputedAmerican journal of physical anthropology
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Prediction of unfavorable outcomes in West Nile virus neuroinvasive infection - Result of a multinational ID-IRI study

2019

Background: WNV causes 1.4% of all central nervous system infections and is the most common cause of epidemic neuro-invasive disease in humans. Objectives: Our main objective was to investigate retrospectively West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease (WNND) cases hospitalized during 2010–2017 and identified factors that can influence prognosis. Study design: We documented the demographic, epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory data of WNND and identified factors that can influence prognosis. The data were recruited through Infectious Diseases International Research Initiative (ID-IRI), which serves as a network for clinical researches. Results: We investigated 165 patients with WNND in 10 coun…

0301 basic medicineAdultMaleWest Nile virus ; WNV ; Meningitis ; Encephalitis ; Neuroinvasive ; Deathmedicine.medical_specialtyInternationalityWest Nile virus030106 microbiologyDiseasemedicine.disease_cause03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineWNVWest Nile viruNeuroinvasive diseaseCentral Nervous System DiseasesPredictive Value of TestsEncephalitiVirologyInternal medicinemedicineHumansGlasgow Coma ScaleMeningitis030212 general & internal medicineMortalityAgedRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overUnivariate analysisbusiness.industryMortality rateMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseHospitalizationDeathMeningitiInfectious DiseasesHeart failurePopulation SurveillanceEncephalitisFemalebusinessTomography X-Ray ComputedMeningitisWest Nile virusEncephalitisWest Nile FeverNeuroinvasive
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