Search results for " and skin physiology"

showing 10 items of 882 documents

Whey fermented by using Lactobacillus plantarum strains: A promising approach to increase the shelf life of pita bread

2019

Nowadays, there is an increasing concern regarding the shelf life of food products, leading producers to research natural antimicrobial agents to use in food preparation. In this study, we evaluated the antifungal activity of Lactobacillus plantarum fermented whey and then added the whey during preparation of pita bread to study shelf-life improvement. The fermented whey showed a satisfactory inhibitory (antifungal) effect against Penicillium expansum and Penicillium brevicompactum strains: the minimum inhibitory and minimum fungicidal concentrations ranged from 3.9 to 39.0 g/L and from 62.5 to 250 g/L, respectively. Addition of fermented whey increased the shelf life of the pita bread. Aft…

Antifungal Agentsanimal structureswheyPenicillium brevicompactumShelf life03 medical and health sciencesfluids and secretionsFood PreservationGeneticsFood science030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesbiologyChemistryantifungal activitydigestive oral and skin physiologyPenicilliumPenicillium strain0402 animal and dairy scienceFood preservationfood and beveragesBread04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesbiology.organism_classificationAntimicrobial040201 dairy & animal sciencepita breadFermentationPenicilliumshelf lifeAnimal Science and ZoologyFermentationPenicillium expansumLactobacillus plantarumLactobacillus plantarumFood ScienceJournal of Dairy Science
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Beads of Acryloylated Polyaminoacidic Matrices Containing 5-Fluorouracil for Drug Delivery

2002

Spherical polymeric microparticles have been prepared by a reverse phase suspension polymerization technique. The starting polymer was alpha,beta-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-DL-aspartamide (PHEA), partially derivatized with glycidylmethacrylate (GMA). PHEA-GMA copolymer (PHG) was crosslinked in the presence of N,N'-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) or N,N'-ethylenebisacrylamide (EBA). 5-fluorouracil was incorporated into PHG-DMAA or PHG-EBA beads both during and after the crosslinking process. Swelling studies revealed a high affinity toward aqueous medium, influenced by the presence of 5-fluorouracil. The in vitro release study showed that the release rate depends on the chemical structure of the beads…

Antimetabolites AntineoplasticMaterials scienceChemical structurePharmaceutical Sciencemacromolecular substancesExcipientsDrug Delivery SystemsPhase (matter)Polymer chemistryCopolymermedicineParticle Sizechemistry.chemical_classificationCalorimetry Differential ScanningAqueous mediumdigestive oral and skin physiologytechnology industry and agricultureProteinsHydrogelsGeneral MedicinePolymerHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMicrospheresMolecular WeightKineticsCross-Linking ReagentsAcrylateschemistryDrug deliveryMicroscopy Electron ScanningIndicators and ReagentsSuspension polymerizationFluorouracilSwellingmedicine.symptomDrug Delivery
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Chemical Profiling of Polyfloral Belgian Honey: Ellagic Acid and Pinocembrin as Antioxidants and Chemical Markers

2017

Chemical profiling of northern Belgian polyfloral honeys was performed to analyse their phenolic compound content (flavonoids and phenolic acids). First, samples were subjected to a standard analysis of their physicochemical properties, and then, the phenolic fraction was isolated and analysed using a HPLC/PAD method. All of the tested honeys showed a common and specific phenolic profile that could be the basis for the differentiation of polyfloral honeys of the Antwerp region from other polyfloral honeys. Chromatographic data indicated a high content of ellagic acid (9.13–13.66 mg/100 g honey), as well as the flavonoid pinocembrin (1.60–1.85 mg/100 g honey) in these honeys. Ellagic acid, a…

Antioxidantanimal structuresArticle SubjectDPPHmedicine.medical_treatmentFlavonoid01 natural sciencesHigh-performance liquid chromatographylcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyChemical markermedicineFood scienceChemical compositionchemistry.chemical_classificationPinocembrinChemistry010401 analytical chemistrydigestive oral and skin physiologyfungifood and beverages04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral Chemistry040401 food science0104 chemical scienceslcsh:QD1-999behavior and behavior mechanismsEllagic acidJournal of Chemistry
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Role of Food Antioxidants in Modulating Gut Microbial Communities: Novel Understandings in Intestinal Oxidative Stress Damage and Their Impact on Hos…

2021

Dietary components have an important role on the structure and function of host gut microbial communities. Even though, various dietary components, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, fibers, and vitamins, have been studied in depth for their effect on gut microbiomes, little attention has been paid regarding the impact of several food antioxidants on the gut microbiome. The long-term exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause microbial dysbiosis which leads to numerous intestinal diseases such as microbiota dysbiosis, intestinal injury, colorectal cancers, enteric infections, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Recently, it has been shown that the food derived antioxidant compound…

Antioxidantfood.ingredientPhysiologymedicine.medical_treatmentClinical BiochemistryRM1-950ReviewGut floramedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryMicrobiologyImmune systemfoodmedicineMicrobiomeMolecular BiologyCarotenoidchemistry.chemical_classificationfood additivebiologygut microbiotaFood additivedigestive oral and skin physiologyCell Biologybiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseasevitaminspolyphenolantioxidantschemistryTherapeutics. PharmacologyDysbiosisbioactive peptidesOxidative stressAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
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In vitro digestion of betalainic foods. Stability and bioaccessibility of betaxanthins and betacyanins and antioxidative potential of food digesta.

2008

Betalains are considered to be bioactive dietary phytochemicals. The stability of betacyanins and betaxanthins from either fresh foods or manufactured products of cactus pear fruit ( Opuntia ficus indica L. Mill. cv. Gialla and Rossa) and red beet ( Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris) was assessed in a simulated oral, gastric, and small intestinal digestion and compared with the digestive stability of purified pigments. A minor loss of indicaxanthin, at the gastric-like environment only, and a decrease of vulgaxanthin I through all digestion steps were observed, which was not affected by food matrix. In contrast, food matrix prevented decay of betanin and isobetanin at the gastric-like environm…

Antioxidantmedicine.medical_treatmentBetalainsBiological AvailabilityBiologyIn Vitro TechniquesBetaxanthinsPlant RootsAntioxidantschemistry.chemical_compoundPigmentDrug StabilityBetalainSettore BIO/10 - Biochimicasimulated digestionmedicineBetacyaninsFood scienceBetaninbetaxanthindigestive oral and skin physiologyOpuntiaGeneral ChemistryBetaxanthinsBetalainic foodchemistryFoodvisual_artFruitvisual_art.visual_art_mediumDigestionBetacyaninsBeta vulgarisGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesDigestionIndicaxanthinJournal of agricultural and food chemistry
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Response of bird predators for female wood tiger moth chemical defences

2018

Multiple behavioural responses of blue tit predators to the defence fluids of wood tiger moth (Arctia plantaginis) females that were either food deprived or fed ad libitum during development.

Aposematismdigestive oral and skin physiologyfungiChemical defenceLife-historysense organsPredator-prey interactionsResource allocationPredator defence
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The AVL-mode: a safe closed loop algorithm for ventilation during total intravenous anesthesia.

1994

The Adaptive Lung Ventilation Controller (ALV-Controller) represents a new approach to closed loop control of ventilation. It is based on a pressure controlled ventilation mode. Adaptive lung ventilation signifies automatic breath by breath adaptation of breathing patterns to the lung mechanics of an individual patient. The specific goals are to minimize work of breathing, to maintain a preset alveolar ventilation and to prevent the occurrence of intrinsic PEEP. We ventilated 5 patients undergoing major abdominal procedures using ALV. ALV was tolerated well in all patients. Alveolar ventilation was preset between 5500 and 6500 ml/min. Serial dead space (Vds) and respiratory time constant (r…

Artificial ventilationAdultRespiratory ratemedicine.medical_treatmentMedicine (miscellaneous)Critical Care and Intensive Care MedicinePositive-Pressure Respiration IntrinsicWork of breathingBreathing patternControl theoryMedicineHumansAgedVentilators MechanicalTotal intravenous anesthesiabusiness.industryLung mechanicsdigestive oral and skin physiologyrespiratory systemRespiration Artificialrespiratory tract diseasesRespiratory Function TestsAnesthesiaBreathingAnesthesia IntravenousRespiratory MechanicsbusinessAlgorithmsInternational journal of clinical monitoring and computing
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Endotoxin inhibits gastric emptying in rats via a capsaicin-sensitive afferent pathway.

2001

The effects of endotoxin on gastric emptying of a solid nutrient meal and the neural mechanisms involved in such a response were investigated in conscious rats. The intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of E. coli endotoxin (40 mug/kg) significantly reduced the 4-h rate of gastric emptying of a standard solid nutrient meal. Ablation of primary afferent neurons by systemic administration of high doses of capsaicin (20+30+50 mg/kg s.c.) to adult rats did not modify the rate of gastric emptying in control animals but prevented the delay in gastric transit induced by endotoxin. Local application of capsaicin to the vagus nerve rather than application of capsaicin to the celiac ganglion signific…

AtropineLipopolysaccharidesMaleendotoxinmedicine.medical_specialtyCalcitonin Gene-Related PeptidePharmacology toxicologyMuscarinic AntagonistscapsaicinRats Sprague-Dawleychemistry.chemical_compoundgastric emptyingtransitNeurons EfferentCalcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor AntagonistsInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsDrug InteractionsCGRPNeurons AfferenttachykininsPhentolamineAfferent PathwayAdrenergic alpha-AntagonistsPharmacologyMealAfferent PathwaysGastric emptyingdigestive oral and skin physiologyGeneral MedicinePeptide FragmentsRatsEndocrinologychemistryGastric EmptyingCapsaicinCapsaicinNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology
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Effects of cimetidine, atropine and prostaglandin E2 on rat mucosal erosions produced by intragastric distension

1980

Abstract The effects of three typical antisecretory agents: cimetidine, atrophine and prostaglandin E2 were compared on an acute rat gastric ulcer model which consisted of perfusing the stomach continuously, at a high intraluminal pressure (120 mm H2O), with a simulated gastric juice (0.1 M HCl plus 600 mg pepsin/1). As the acid and pepsin are given exogenously the inhibitory action of the antisecretory drugs is obviated in this model. Cimetidine and atropine failed to reduce gastric erosions, whereas prostaglandin E2 markedly reduced the severity of the mucosal lesions with respect to control values. Long-term treatment with cimetidine also failed to increase the resistance of the gastric …

AtropineMalemedicine.medical_treatmentPharmacologyGuanidinesPepsinmedicineGastric mucosaAnimalsStomach UlcerProstaglandin E2CimetidinePharmacologyGastric Juicebiologybusiness.industryProstaglandins EGastric distensionStomachdigestive oral and skin physiologyRatsDisease Models AnimalAtropinemedicine.anatomical_structureAnesthesiabiology.proteinmedicine.symptomCimetidinebusinessProstaglandin Emedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Pharmacology
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A modified niche model for generating food webs with stage-structured consumers : The stabilizing effects of life-history stages on complex food webs

2021

1. Almost all organisms grow in size during their lifetime and switch diets, trophic positions, and interacting partners as they grow. Such ontogenetic development introduces life-history stages and flows of biomass between the stages through growth and reproduction. However, current research on complex food webs rarely considers life-history stages. The few previously proposed methods do not take full advantage of the existing food web structural models that can produce realistic food web topologies. 2. We extended the niche model by Williams & Martinez (2000) to generate food webs that included trophic species with a life-history stage structure. Our method aggregated trophic species …

Biomass (ecology)education.field_of_studyTrophic speciesEcologycomplex food websPopulationNicheeducationdigestive oral and skin physiologyBiologykasvukompleksisuusFood webekologinen lokeroelinkiertolife-history stagesLife History StagesAllometrymatemaattiset malliteducationravintoverkotTrophic level
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