Search results for " hemorrhage"
showing 10 items of 355 documents
Endothelin: an endothelium-derived vasoactive peptide and its possible role in the pathogenesis of cerebral vasospasm
1991
The contractile response to endothelin has been examined in cerebral arteries from rats subjected to a prior subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) and compared with saline injected controls. Endothelin elicited strong concentration-dependent contraction of rat basilar artery segments. The response was slow in onset and long lasting. The endothelin-induced contraction was much stronger in the SAH compared to control animals. Our findings suggest a role of the peptide in the pathophysiology of cerebral vasospasm.
Global Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Stroke Volumes and Cerebrovascular Events: One-Year Follow-up
2023
Background and objectives: Declines in stroke admission, intravenous thrombolysis, and mechanical thrombectomy volumes were reported during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a paucity of data on the longer-term effect of the pandemic on stroke volumes over the course of a year and through the second wave of the pandemic. We sought to measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the volumes of stroke admissions, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), and mechanical thrombectomy over a one-year period at the onset of the pandemic (March 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021) compared with the immediately preceding year (March 1, 2019, to February 29, 2020). M…
Cerebellum and Prematurity: A Complex Interplay Between Disruptive and Dysmaturational Events.
2021
The cerebellum plays a critical regulatory role in motor coordination, cognition, behavior, language, memory, and learning, hence overseeing a multiplicity of functions. Cerebellar development begins during early embryonic development, lasting until the first postnatal years. Particularly, the greatest increase of its volume occurs during the third trimester of pregnancy, which represents a critical period for cerebellar maturation. Preterm birth and all the related prenatal and perinatal contingencies may determine both dysmaturative and lesional events, potentially involving the developing cerebellum, and contributing to the constellation of the neuropsychiatric outcomes with several impl…
Effectiveness of progestogens to improve perinatal outcome in twin pregnancies : an individual participant data meta-analysis
2015
Background In twin pregnancies, the rates of adverse perinatal outcome and subsequent long-term morbidity are substantial, and mainly result from preterm birth (PTB). Objectives To assess the effectiveness of progestogen treatment in the prevention of neonatal morbidity or PTB in twin pregnancies using individual participant data meta-analysis (IPDMA). Search strategy We searched international scientific databases, trial registration websites, and references of identified articles. Selection criteria Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) of 17–hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17Pc) or vaginally administered natural progesterone, compared with placebo or no treatment. Data collection and analysis I…
Suprachoroidal Bleeding After XEN Gel Implantation
2017
Purpose To report for the first time a clinical case of suprachoroidal bleeding after XEN45 gel implantation. Observations A 84-year old female patient with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma with intraocular pressure (IOP) (20 mm Hg) above target despite maximal IOP-lowering therapy was scheduled for XEN45 gel implantation. The XEN45 gel implantation went without complications and was properly placed in the anterior chamber and beneath the conjunctiva. On the first postoperative day, the patient presented with an IOP of 4 mm Hg, a functioning bleb and a deep anterior chamber. On the second day she developed suprachoroidal bleeding. A wait and see strategy was followed and the patient monitored ste…
Intramuscular tranexamic acid
2021
For many anaesthetists around the world, the mere mention of the word ‘pharmacokinetics’ is sufficient to make their eyes glaze over and their attention wander. Pharmacokinetics is seen as an art that is as obscure and esoteric as the art of divination (prediction) practiced by the likes of Professor Sybille Trelawny 1 but that has varying and mostly limited relevance to clinical practice. Although this hyperbole may have elements of truth, it is a fact that pharmacokinetic data are the essential foundation upon which rational drug dosing guidelines are developed for all drugs.
Immunohistochemical Investigation in Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) and Its Correlation with Findings in Clinical Studies
1986
Since McKissock et al. 1961 investigated the effects of surgical and conservative treatment of ICH on final outcome it is well known that systemic hypertension worsens the prognosis of this serious cerebrovascular disease. Our own studies on this problem have revealed differences in final outcome, as well as in level of consciousness after ICH, between normotensive and hypertensive patients. Whilst 30.6% of the normotensive patients died, 48.1% of the hypertensive patients had a lethal outcome.
Impact of Health Care−Associated Infection in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
2018
In the era of antibiotics, nosocomial infections are still uncontrollable and represent a problem with a problematic solution. The terms nosocomial and health care−associated infections are both used for disease, absent at the time of admission, acquired by patients under medical care in the hospital or other health care facilities. Recently, the term health care−associated infection (HAI) has been introduced for the type of infection caused by a prolonged hospital stay, and it accounts for a significant risk factor for severe health issues leading to death. HAIs can occur during health care delivery for other diseases and even after patient discharge. Invasive devices such as catheters and…
Spontaneous Meckel's cave hematoma: A rare cause of trigeminal neuralgia
2015
Background: The most common etiology of classic trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is vascular compression. However, other causes must be considered. Among these, spontaneous hematoma of the Meckel′s cave (MC) causing symptomatic TN is very rare. Case Description: We present the case of a 60-year-old woman with a 2-month history of left TN and diplopia. Neuroradiological examinations revealed a well-defined hematoma in the left MC. The patient underwent surgical decompression with a progressive neurological improvement. Conclusion: Despite the number of lesions potentially affecting the MC, spontaneous hemorrhage is rare but should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis.