Search results for " image enhancement"

showing 10 items of 50 documents

Batch Methods for Resolution Enhancement of TIR Image Sequences

2015

Thermal infrared (TIR) time series are exploited by many methods based on Earth observation (EO), for such applications as agriculture, forest management, and meteorology. However, due to physical limitations, data acquired by a single sensor are often unsatisfactory in terms of spatial or temporal resolution. This issue can be tackled by using remotely sensed data acquired by multiple sensors with complementary features. When nonreal-time functioning or at least near real-time functioning is admitted, the measurements can be profitably fed to a sequential Bayesian algorithm, which allows to account for the correlation embedded in the successive acquisitions. In this work, we focus on appli…

Earth observationAtmospheric ScienceBayesian smoothing methodComputer scienceBayesian probabilityInterval (mathematics)Thermal imagecomputer.software_genreremote sensingComputers in Earth ScienceSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-ForestaliComputer visionimage enhancementComputers in Earth SciencesImage resolutionThermal imagesbusiness.industrySettore ING-INF/03 - TelecomunicazioniSettore ICAR/02 - Costruzioni Idrauliche E Marittime E IdrologiaBayesian smoothing methodsinterpolationTemporal resolutioncloud detectionBatch processingBayesian smoothing methods; cloud detection; image enhancement; interpolation; remote sensing; Thermal images; Computers in Earth Sciences; Atmospheric ScienceData miningArtificial intelligencebusinessFocus (optics)computerSmoothingSettore ICAR/06 - Topografia E Cartografia
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Imaging Evaluation of Facial Complex Strut Fractures

2012

High-resolution multidetector computed tomography with multiplanar reformations and 3-D postprocessing often provides the detail necessary for preoperative assessment of facial injuries. Maxillofacial fractures are classified in the following manner: upper face fractures, midface fractures (the most frequent), Le Fort fractures, and lower face or mandible fractures. The facial skeleton is a framework of vertical and horizontal buttresses that ensures a better resistance to trauma, but serves also as reference for maxillofacial surgery to restore facial size and shape. Radiologists should know how to diagnose and report the main types of facial fracture.

Facial BoneSkull Fracturesbusiness.industryMandibleDentistryLower faceFacial BonesRadiographic Image Enhancementmedicine.anatomical_structureImaging Three-DimensionalMultidetector computed tomographymedicineHumansFacial skeletonRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingbusinessHuman
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Diffusion equations with negentropy applied to denoise mammographic images.

2006

Mammography is a radiographic technique used for the detection of breast lesions. The analysis of the digital image normally requires a previous application of filters as a preprocessing step to reduce the noise level of the image, while preserving important details to carry out a suitable diagnostic. In the literature, there are a large amount of denoising techniques applied to different medical images. In this work we have studied the performance of a diffusive filter with a stopping condition based on the statistical concept of negentropy, applied to denoise mammographic images. The negentropy has been succesfully prove with other denoising methods as independent component analysis by th…

Image qualityNoise reductionEntropyPhysics::Medical PhysicsNormal DistributionBreast NeoplasmsDiffusionDigital imagesymbols.namesakeBreast DiseasesHumansComputer visionImage restorationMathematicsModels Statisticalbusiness.industryWiener filterReproducibility of ResultsFilter (signal processing)Models TheoreticalNon-local meansRadiographic Image EnhancementComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSubtraction TechniquesymbolsRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedNegentropyArtificial intelligencebusinessArtifactsAlgorithmsMammography
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Prevalence of coronary artery intramyocardial course in a large population of clinical patients detected by multislice computed tomography coronary a…

2008

Background: Intramyocardial course, an inborn coronary anomaly, is defined as a segment of a major epicardial coronary artery that runs intramurally through the myocardium; in particular, we distinguish myocardial bridging, in which the vessel returns to an epicardial position after the muscle bridge, and intramyocardial course, which is described as a vessel running and ending in the myocardium. Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of myocardial bridging and intramyocardial course of coronary arteries as defined by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography. Material and Methods: The study population consisted of 242 consecutive patients (211 men, 31 women; mean age 59±6 years) w…

MaleChest Painmedicine.medical_specialtyCoronary Vessel AnomaliesContrast MediaCoronary AngiographyChest painCoronary artery diseaseElectrocardiographyImaging Three-DimensionalInternal medicineHeart ratePrevalencemedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMultisliceObserver VariationRadiological and Ultrasound Technologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedAtenololmedicine.diseaseIopamidolRadiographic Image EnhancementCoronary arteriesmedicine.anatomical_structurecoronary arteryCTCardiologyFemaleRadiologymedicine.symptomTomography X-Ray ComputedbusinessElectrocardiographymedicine.drugArtery
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Evaluation of intraindividual contrast enhancement variability for determining the maximum achievable consistency in CT

2019

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to quantify temporal variability in vascular and parenchymal enhancement within the same patient and to determine technique-related factors contributing to this variability. MATERIALS AND METHODS. We identified 100 patients who underwent four CT scans within 12 months with identical acquisition and contrast injection parameters. Enhancement was recorded in the abdominal aorta, main portal vein, liver parenchyma, and subcutaneous fat. Patient demographic and body habitus data were recorded. Injection-related factors were recorded including delay time from contrast injection to image acquisition. All pairwise differences in enhancement within each pati…

MaleContrast enhancementTime Factors030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineConsistency (statistics)MedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingAorta AbdominalVariabilityAgedRetrospective StudiesObserver Variationbusiness.industryPortal VeinEnhancementContrast mediaGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedSubcutaneous Fat AbdominalRadiographic Image EnhancementLiver030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemalebusinessNuclear medicineTomography X-Ray ComputedCT
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Higher intracoronary attenuation improves diagnostic accuracy in MDCT coronary angiography

2006

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the amount of intracoronary attenuation influences the diagnostic accuracy of MDCT coronary angiography in the detection of clinically significant stenosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred twenty patients in sinus rhythm with suspected coronary artery disease who underwent MDCT of the heart and conventional coronary angiography were retrospectively selected. The population was divided into two groups depending on median (326 H) coronary vascular enhancement (i.e., low attenuation and high attenuation). The diagnostic accuracy of MDCT for the detection of clinically significant coronary artery lesions (> or = 50% lumen reduct…

MaleCoronary angiographymedicine.medical_specialtycardiac imaging cardiovascular disease contrast media CT coronary arteriographyPopulationLumen (anatomy)Coronary AngiographySensitivity and SpecificityAngina PectorisCoronary artery diseasePredictive Value of TestsmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSinus rhythmeducationCardiac imagingeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryAttenuationCoronary StenosisGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseRadiographic Image Enhancementmedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleRadiologyTomography X-Ray ComputedbusinessArteryAmerican Journal of Roentgenology
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Evaluation of demineralized bone and bone transplantsin vitroandin vivowith cone beam computed tomography imaging

2010

The objective of this study was to determine the ability of two flat panel cone beam CT (CBCT) devices to identify demineralized bone and bone transplants in vivo and in vitro.Datasets from patients with autologous bone grafts (n = 9, KaVo 3DeXam (KaVo, Biberach, Germany); n = 38, Accuitomo 40 (Morita, Osaka, Japan)) were retrospectively evaluated. Demineralized and non-demineralized porcine cancellous bone blocks were examined with the two CBCT devices. A SawBone skull (Pacific Research Laboratories, Vashon, WA) was used as a positioning tool for the bone blocks. Descriptive evaluation and image quality assessment were conducted on the KaVo 3DeXam data (voxel size 0.3 mm) using the OsiriX …

MaleModels AnatomicCone beam computed tomographySwineDentistryBone and BonesBone remodelingIn vivoImage Processing Computer-AssistedAnimalsHumansMedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingGeneral DentistryEdetic AcidCone beam ctAgedChelating AgentsRetrospective StudiesCryopreservationBone Demineralization TechniqueBone TransplantationAnatomy Cross-SectionalOrthognathic Surgical Proceduresbusiness.industryResearchGeneral MedicineCone-Beam Computed TomographyMiddle AgedRadiographic Image EnhancementSkullmedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyBone Demineralization TechniqueFemaleBone RemodelingDemineralized bonebusinessNuclear medicineCancellous boneDentomaxillofacial Radiology
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Effects of manganese injected into rat nostrils: implications for in vivo functional study of olfaction using MEMRI.

2011

WOS: 000298212500007; International audience; Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) is a powerful tool for visualizing neuronal pathways and mapping brain activity modulation. A potential drawback of MEMRI lies in the toxic effects of manganese (Mn), which also depend on its administration route. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of Mn doses injected into the nostrils of rats on both olfactory perception and MRI contrast enhancement. For this purpose, doses in the range 0-8 μmol MnCl(2) were tested. Behavioral items were quantified with and without odor stimulation during the first 2 h following Mn injection. The MRI study was performed after 16 h of intermitt…

MalePathologyBrain activity and meditation[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionContrast MediaStimulationPharmacologyMESH : Behavior AnimalMEMRI Manganese030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingMESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging0302 clinical medicineMESH: SmellMESH: Behavior AnimalMESH: AnimalsMESH: Administration IntranasalMESH : Olfactory Bulbmedicine.diagnostic_testBehavior AnimalChemistryMESH : RatsMagnetic Resonance ImagingOlfactory BulbSmellDoseToxicityMESH: Image EnhancementMESH: Olfactory Bulbmedicine.medical_specialtyMESH: RatsMESH : MaleBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsMESH: ManganeseOlfactionMESH : Rats Wistar03 medical and health sciencesPrimary olfactory cortexIn vivoMESH : Magnetic Resonance ImagingMESH: Contrast MediamedicineAnimalsRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRats WistarAdministration IntranasalMESH : Contrast MediaBehaviorManganeseToxicityMESH : Administration IntranasalMagnetic resonance imagingMESH: Rats WistarImage EnhancementOlfactionMESH: MaleRatsOdorRatMESH : SmellMESH : Image EnhancementMESH : AnimalsMESH : Manganese[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Radiation exposure in biliary procedures performed to manage anastomotic strictures in pediatric liver transplant recipients: comparison between radi…

2013

The aim of this study was to estimate radiation exposure in pediatric liver transplants recipients who underwent biliary interventional procedures and to compare radiation exposure levels between biliary interventional procedures performed using an image intensifier-based angiographic system (IIDS) and a flat panel detector-based interventional system (FPDS). We enrolled 34 consecutive pediatric liver transplant recipients with biliary strictures between January 2008 and March 2013 with a total of 170 image-guided procedures. The dose-area product (DAP) and fluoroscopy time was recorded for each procedure. The mean age was 61 months (range 4–192), and mean weight was 17 kg (range 4–41). The…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentmedicine.medical_treatmentConstriction PathologicAnastomosisPercutaneous transhepatic cholangiographyRadiation DosageRadiography InterventionalPediatricsFlat panel detectorlaw.inventionCatheterizationCholangiographyArteriovenous Shunt SurgicallawmedicineFluoroscopyHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingChildPediatric Liver Transplantmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryUltrasoundImage intensifierRadiation ExposureLiver TransplantationRadiation exposureRadiographic Image EnhancementChild PreschoolFluoroscopyFemaleRadiologyCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessAngioplasty BalloonCholangiographyCardiovascular and interventional radiology
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Fatal venous air embolism: proof and volumetry by helical CT

1995

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyHeart Diseasesbusiness.industryMediastinumGeneral MedicineCranial SinusesIntracranial Embolism and ThrombosisMiddle AgedVenous air embolismHelical ctVeinsRadiographic Image EnhancementSuicideFatal OutcomeEmbolism AirHumansMedicineWounds GunshotRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiologyPulmonary EmbolismTomography X-Ray ComputedbusinessNeckEuropean Journal of Radiology
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