Search results for " imaging."

showing 10 items of 6165 documents

The role of motor system in action-related language comprehension in L1 and L2: An fMRI study

2018

The framework of embodied cognition has challenged the modular view of a language-cognition divide by suggesting that meaning-retrieval critically involves the sensory-motor system. Despite extensive research into the neural mechanisms underlying language-motor coupling, it remains unclear how the motor system might be differentially engaged by different levels of linguistic abstraction and language proficiency. To address this issue, we used fMRI to quantify neural activations in brain regions underlying motor and language processing in Chinese-English speakers’ processing of literal, metaphorical, and abstract language in their L1 and L2. Results overall revealed a response in motor ROIs …

toinen kieliAdultMaleLinguistics and Languagemetaphorical languagefirst/second languageCognitive NeuroscienceMultilingualismExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyäidinkieliAbstract languagegradation050105 experimental psychologyLanguage and Linguistics03 medical and health sciencesSpeech and Hearingtoiminnallinen magneettikuvaus0302 clinical medicineMotor systemConnectomeHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesLanguage proficiencyAbstractionmotoriikkaluetun ymmärtäminenfMRI05 social sciencesMotor CortexContrast (statistics)linguistic abstractionkognitiiviset prosessitMagnetic Resonance ImagingComprehensionembodied cognitionAction (philosophy)Embodied cognitiontekstinymmärtäminenFemaleComprehensionPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCognitive psychologyBrain and Language
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Terapia trans-cranica ad ultrasuoni focalizzati guidati da Risonanza Magnetica: studio retrospettivo di semeiotica neuroradiologica intra-operatoria

2019

SCOPO DEL LAVORO: Valutare retrospettivamente le caratteristiche di semeiotica neuroradiologica delle lesioni indotte in pazienti sottoposti a talamotomia unilaterale del nucleo Vim mediante l’utilizzo di un sistema trans-cranico ad ultrasuoni focalizzati guidati da RM (tcMRgFUS). MATERIALI E METODI: Cinquanta pazienti sono stati sottoposti a talamotomia mediante tcMRgFUS per tremore essenziale refrattario a terapia medica (n = 39) o per tremore in malattia di Parkinson (n = 11). Esaminando sequenze FRFSE T2-pesate (2mm, no gap) acquisite sia intra-operatoriamente che nel successivo follow-up RM a 48h, è stata valutata la presenza e le dimensioni delle aree lesionali concentriche precedente…

ultrasuoni focalizzati risonanza magnetica imaging intraoperatorio talamotomia tremore essenziale parkinsonSettore MED/27 - NeurochirurgiaSettore MED/37 - NeuroradiologiaSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E Radioterapia
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Outcome Analysis From a Multicenter Registry on Unibody Stent-Graft System for the Treatment of Spontaneous Infrarenal Acute Aortic Syndrome (MURUSSI…

2022

Purpose: This study reports the outcomes from a Multicenter Registry on unibody stent-graft system for the treatment of spontaneous infrarenal acute aortic syndrome (MURUSSIAS registry). Materials and methods: The retrospective MURUSSIAS registry included spontaneous infrarenal acute aortic dissection (IAAS) managed with the unibody stent-graft system (AFX endovascular AAA system; Endologix Inc., Irvine, California) outside the current instruction for use. IAAS considered aortic dissection (AD), intramural hematoma (IMH), and penetrating aortic ulcer (PAU). Indications to IAAS treatment were symptoms, associated dilated abdominal aorta (>3 cm), rapidly-growing (>0.5 cm/6 months) aorta…

unibody stent-graftacute aortic syndromepenetrating aortic ulcerRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSurgeryaortic dissectionCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicineintramural hematoma
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MR Imaging of Uterus Didelphys Transverse Vaginal Septum Causing Hematometrocolpos and Renal Agenesis

2002

The association of uterus didelphys and unilateral blind vagina with ipsilateral renal agenesis is an infrequent urogenital malformation distinguished by a lesion of the mesonephric duct. In most patients, symptoms are present at the beginning of the menstrual cycle because a transverse vaginal septum on one side obstructs the flow of menses, which consequently collect. Magnetic resonance imaging allows a precise delineation of this congenital abnormality, clearly demonstrating the transverse vaginal septum with hematometrocolpos and uterus didelphys. Extending the magnetic resonance study to the abdomen and employing coronal sections with a wide field of view is important to search for ass…

urogenital systemGenitourinary systembusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectObstetrics and GynecologyAnatomyBlind vaginamedicine.diseaseMr imagingUterus didelphysMesonephric ductLesionmedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingUterus malformation MR imagingmedicine.symptombusinessRenal agenesisMenstrual cyclemedia_commonJournal of Women's Imaging
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Vascular Risk Factors in Mild Cognitive Impairment Subtypes

2007

<i>Background and Aim:</i> To investigate the role of vascular risk factors in different subtypes of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in a multicentric, clinic-based, cross-sectional study. <i>Methods:</i> Two-hundred and seven subjects with MCI were included in the study: 33 with single non-memory MCI (snmMCI), 42 with multiple-domain amnestic MCI (mdMCI-a) and 132 with amnestic MCI (aMCI). Several clinical vascular risk factors and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain lesions were evaluated. <i>Results:</i> snmMCI showed a higher frequency of ischaemic heart disease and of transient ischaemic attack (TIA)/stroke, a higher Hachinski ischaemic score and …

vasculopatia cerebralemedicine.medical_specialtymild cognitive impairment; demenza; vasculopatia cerebraleCognitive Neurosciencebehavioral disciplines and activitiesWhite matterDegenerative diseasemild cognitive impairmentInternal medicinemental disordersmedicineDementiaRisk factorPsychiatryStrokemedicine.diagnostic_testCognitive disorderMagnetic resonance imagingmedicine.diseaseHyperintensitynervous system diseasesPsychiatry and Mental healthmedicine.anatomical_structureCardiologydemenzaGeriatrics and GerontologyPsychology
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Sustaining Attention for a Prolonged Duration Affects Dynamic Organizations of Frequency-Specific Functional Connectivity

2020

Sustained attention encompasses a cascade of fundamental functions. The human ability to implement a sustained attention task is supported by brain networks that dynamically formed and dissolved through oscillatory synchronization. The decrement of vigilance induced by prolonged task engagement affects sustained attention. However, little is known about which stage or combinations are affected by vigilance decrement. Here, we applied an analysis framework composed of weighted phase lag index (wPLI) and tensor component analysis (TCA) to an EEG dataset collected during 80 min sustained attention task to examine the electrophysiological basis of such effect. We aimed to characterize the phase…

vigilance decrementmedia_common.quotation_subjecttensor component analysisWeighted phase lag indexElectroencephalographybehavioral disciplines and activitiesFrequency-specific dynamic functional connectivitySustaining attentionRewardmotivationmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingAttentionWakefulnesstarkkaavaisuusmedia_commonmotivaatioOriginal PaperMotivationRadiological and Ultrasound Technologymedicine.diagnostic_testsignaalinkäsittelyFunctional connectivityBrainsignaalianalyysiTask engagementSustained attentionPhase lagElectrophysiological PhenomenaElectrophysiologysustained attentionNeurologyTensor component analysisSensorimotor networkVigilance decrementweighted phase lag indexfrequency-specific dynamic functional connectivityNeurology (clinical)kognitiivinen neurotiedeAnatomyPsychologyNeuroscienceVigilance (psychology)
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Soft X-ray Tomography Reveals HSV-1-Induced Remodeling of Human B Cells.

2022

Upon infection, viruses hijack the cell machinery and remodel host cell structures to utilize them for viral proliferation. Since viruses are about a thousand times smaller than their host cells, imaging virus-host interactions at high spatial resolution is like looking for a needle in a haystack. Scouting gross cellular changes with fluorescent microscopy is only possible for well-established viruses, where fluorescent tagging is developed. Soft X-ray tomography (SXT) offers 3D imaging of entire cells without the need for chemical fixation or labeling. Here, we use full-rotation SXT to visualize entire human B cells infected by the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). We have mapped the temporo…

viruksetisäntäsolutBioengineeringmikroskopiainfektiotMicrobiologyX-ray tomography; soft X-rays; infection imaging; HSV-1; cell mapping; cryo imagingherpes simplex -virusCapsidsoft X-raystomografiaVirologyHumans2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment2.1 Biological and endogenous factorsAetiologyherpesviruksetTomographycryo imagingHerpesvirus 1herpesinfection imagingHSV-1solutInfectious Diseasesröntgenkuvauscell mappingX-RaySexually Transmitted InfectionsInfectionX-ray tomographysolubiologiaHuman
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Conception en technologie CMOS d'un Système de Vision dédié à l'Imagerie Rapide et aux Traitements d'Images

2008

Our work presented in this thesis focuses on the design, testing and implementation of monolithics CMOS image smart sensors : The principle, performance and limitations. The hardware implementation of a vision smart system is the central link. HISIC is High Speed Image Capture with processing at pixel level. An experimental platform for instrumentation and evaluation of retina operators was conducted during this thesis. After a state of the smart sensors and CMOS retinas, the second part is dedicated to the study and design of the pixel image sensor HISIC. Two circuits were realized in CMOS technology. The first identied a new type of photo-detector, and the second, to create a prototype em…

vision artificielleimagerie rapiderecongurabilityprogrammability[SPI.NANO] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronicsparallélisme massifspeed imagingSystème embarquéartificial vision.image processing on focal planerecongurabilitéprogrammabilitéstandard CMOS technology[ SPI.NANO ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/MicroelectronicsEmbedded systemtraitements d'images sur plan focalmassive paralleltechnologie standard CMOS
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Visual Contrast Modulates Operant Learning Responses in Larval Zebrafish.

2018

The larval zebrafish is a promising vertebrate model organism to study neural mechanisms underlying learning and memory due to its small brain and rich behavioral repertoire. Here, we report on a high-throughput operant conditioning system for zebrafish larvae, which can simultaneously train 12 fish to associate a visual conditioned pattern with electroshocks. We find that the learning responses can be enhanced by the visual contrast, not the spatial features of the conditioned patterns, highlighted by several behavioral metrics. By further characterizing the learning curves as well as memory extinction, we demonstrate that the percentage of learners and the memory length increase as the co…

visionCognitive Neuroscienceved/biology.organism_classification_rank.specieseducationautomated image analysisBehavioral neurosciencelcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinebiology.animalZebrafish larvaehigh-throughput imagingOperant conditioningModel organismlcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry030304 developmental biologyOriginal Research0303 health scienceslearningbiologyved/biologyRepertoirefungiVertebrateExtinction (psychology)Neuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyLearning curvezebrafish larvaebehavioral neuroscienceNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscienceFrontiers in behavioral neuroscience
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AnatomySketch : An Extensible Open-Source Software Platform for Medical Image Analysis Algorithm Development

2021

AbstractThe development of medical image analysis algorithm is a complex process including the multiple sub-steps of model training, data visualization, human–computer interaction and graphical user interface (GUI) construction. To accelerate the development process, algorithm developers need a software tool to assist with all the sub-steps so that they can focus on the core function implementation. Especially, for the development of deep learning (DL) algorithms, a software tool supporting training data annotation and GUI construction is highly desired. In this work, we constructed AnatomySketch, an extensible open-source software platform with a friendly GUI and a flexible plugin interfac…

visualisointiihmisen ja tietokoneen vuorovaikutussyväoppiminenlääketiedetekoälyuser interactionimage annotationUser-Computer InterfaceArtificial Intelligencealgoritmitihminen-konejärjestelmätHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyAnatomySketchalgorithm developmenttietokoneohjelmatdeep learningMagnetic Resonance ImagingComputer Science Applicationskoneoppiminenkuva-analyysiohjelmointimedical image analysisSoftwareAlgorithms
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