Search results for " obesity"

A leptin missense mutation associated with hypogonadism and morbid obesity

1998

Evidence-based medicine and the problem of healthy volunteers

2017

Abstract Healthy controls are subjects without the disease being studied but may have other conditions indirectly affecting outcome. In the present epidemics of obesity a few subjects with undiagnosed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease enter clinical studies as controls, producing biased results. Stricter selection criteria should be considered to prevent this risk.

MUSCLE BIOENERGETICS IN OBESE ZUCKER RATS

1994

International audience; Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the energetic metabolism in obese Zucker rats, using phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at rest and during a 2-Hz muscle stimulation and subsequent recovery. Animals were anesthetized with ketamine (150 mg/kg ip). Fed obese rats and 2-day-fasted obese rats were compared with their normally fed and 2-day-fasted lean litter mates. No differences were found between the two groups for ATP, total creatine, phosphocreatine (PCr), and intracellular pH. Starvation in lean rats resulted in a significant fall in inorganic phosphate (Pi), increased resting ADP level, and decreased PCr and ADP recovery after …

Erectile dysfunction: Prevalence and its relationship with lower urinary tract symptoms

2020

Abstract Background and objective The objective was to determine the prevalence of erectile dysfunction in men over 40 years of age and their relationship with frequent pathologies in Primary Care. Patients and methods Three hundred two men (40–79 years) were included. Anthropometric medical history, habits and parameters were determined. They were given the international prostate symptomatology questionnaire (IPSS), the male sexual health questionnaire (SHIM) and the Goldberg test for anxiety and depression. The prevalence of erectile dysfunction was determined and the relationship of the different variables obtained by univariate and multivariate analysis was studied. Results The prevalen…

Sarcopenia and Covid-19: A New Entity?

2021

As the world comes into terms with the persistent existence of the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, the scientific and medical communities have started shifting their attention to the long-term side effects of the disease. Specialists have acknowledged that numerous COVID-19 survivors, especially those who suffered severe complications and endured prolonged bedrest, may require continuous monitoring and rehabilitative care. In this chapter, the authors discuss factors that may predispose individuals to acute sarcopenia secondary to COVID-19 infection or sarcopenic obesity secondary to altered diet and physical activity from prolonged confinement. Challenges in nutrition are highl…

Gastric Banding for Treatment of Morbid Obesity: Preliminary Results.

1995

Background: gastric banding (GB) has been used for treatment of morbid obesity. Methods: a banding device, introduced by Broadbent and consisting of a self-blocking nylon strip covered with a silicone tube, was used in 13 patients who have completed 1-year follow-up. This device was used for its mechanical properties, biocompatibility, ease of insertion and low cost. Results: at 1 year, mean excess weight loss was 51.6%, with all but one patient losing more than 25% of excess weight. Associated illnesses resolved. There were two complications (15%): one patient required band removal for self-induced vomiting and one patient required repair of an incisional hernia. Conclusions: GB has had go…

Reduced retinal nerve fibre layer thickness in children with severe obesity

2015

Summary Background Some optic nerve diseases are silent and insidious. Recently, reduced thickness of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) has been associated with increasing body mass index in adults. Objectives To investigate the association of childhood obesity with RNFL measured by optical coherence tomography imaging. Methods Ninety-seven children aged 5–14 years classified according to standard deviation score of body mass index (SDS-BMI) were included. Parameters of metabolic risk, adipocytokines (leptin, adiponectin) and interleukin-6 were analyzed. All subjects underwent a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination with direct ophthalmoscopy. Evaluation of RNFL with optical coherence tom…

Cardiovascular risk and events in polycystic ovary syndrome

2009

Young women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) present a high risk for cardiovascular disease because of the presence of abdominal obesity, insulin resistance and androgen excess. In addition, they present with endothelial dysfunction and early signs of atherosclerosis (increased carotid intima-media thickness and increased coronary calcium). However, the evidence of increased cardiovascular events during the postmenopausal age is relatively small, although some recent studies have indicated a slight increase in the severity of cardiovascular disease in women who had PCOS during their fertile age. The discrepancy between cardiovascular risk in young age and postmenopausal cardiovascular …

National, regional, and global trends in adult overweight and obesity prevalences

2012

Obesity, Body Fat Distribution, and Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents

2001

Obesity is a common disease with an ever-increasing prevalence and usually with late-onset consequences. If acquired during childhood, it tracks into adult life to some extent, and since the relationship between obesity and hypertension is well established in adults, obese children appear to be at particularly high risk of becoming hypertensive adults. In the authors' study, obese children seemed to have significantly higher casual and ambulatory blood pressure than nonobese children, except for nighttime diastolic blood pressure. The health effects of obesity may depend on the anatomic distribution of body fat, which in turn may be a better indicator of endocrinologic imbalance, environmen…