Search results for " pattern"

showing 10 items of 2245 documents

In Vitro Measurement of Strain Localization Preceding Dissection of the Aortic Wall Subjected to Radial Tension

2020

AbstractBackgroundAortic dissection (AD) is a common pathology and challenging clinical problem. A better understanding of the biomechanical effects preceding its initiation is essential for predicting adverse events on a patient-specific basis. Moreover, the predictability of patient-specific biomechanics-based computational models is hampered by uncertainty about boundary conditions and material properties.ObjectivePredisposition of thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) to ADs can be related to the degradation of biomechanically important constituents in the aortic wall of TAAs. The goal of the present study is to develop a new methodology to measure strain fields in aortic tissues subjected to…

Digital image correlationMaterials scienceAortic dissectionAerospace EngineeringDissection (medical)030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyRadial tensile test01 natural sciencesThoracic aortic aneurysm010309 optics03 medical and health sciencesSpeckle pattern0302 clinical medicineAneurysmmedicine.artery0103 physical sciencesmedicineThoracic aortaStrain fieldTensile testingAortic dissectionOptical coherence tomographyMechanical EngineeringDigital image correlationSettore ING-IND/34 - Bioingegneria Industriale[SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph]medicine.diseaseMechanics of MaterialsRadial stiffnessBiomedical engineering
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Experimental application of digital image correlation for the tensile characterization of basalt FRCM composites

2021

Abstract Composites made with inorganic matrix, namely fabric reinforced cementitious mortar (FRCM) composites are becoming widespread as strengthening materials for existing masonry structures. These composites are made of a dry grid of fibres embedded in an inorganic matrix. FRCMs can be considered a valid alternative to traditional organic composites such as fibre reinforced polymers (FRPs) because of their better compatibility with the masonry support. This work presents an experimental study for the tensile characterization of a basalt fabric reinforced cementitious mortar (BFRCM) composite. Tensile tests were carried out on coupons reinforced with one, two or three layers of grid to i…

Digital image correlationMaterials scienceDigital image correlation (DIC)Composite number0211 other engineering and technologies020101 civil engineering02 engineering and technologyBendingFRCMTensile tests0201 civil engineering021105 building & constructionUltimate tensile strengthGeneral Materials ScienceComposite materialCivil and Structural Engineeringbusiness.industryBuilding and ConstructionMasonryCrack patternCharacterization (materials science)Settore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle CostruzioniReinforcement ratioBasalt grid Crack pattern Digital image correlation (DIC) FRCM Reinforcement ratio Tensile testsCementitiousMortarbusinessBasalt grid
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3D displacement field measurement with correlation based on the micro-geometrical surface texture

2011

Image correlation methods are widely used in experimental mechanics to obtain displacement field measurements. Currently, these methods are applied using digital images of the initial and deformed surfaces sprayed with black or white paint. Speckle patterns are then captured and the correlation is performed with a high degree of accuracy to an order of 0.01 pixels. In 3D, however, stereo-correlation leads to a lower degree of accuracy. Correlation techniques are based on the search for a sub-image (or pattern) displacement field. The work presented in this paper introduces a new correlation-based approach for 3D displacement field measurement that uses an additional 3D laser scanner and a C…

Digital image correlationPixelLaser scanningWavinessbusiness.industryComputer scienceMechanical EngineeringAcousticsParticle displacementAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSpeckle patternDigital imageDisplacement fieldComputer visionArtificial intelligenceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessOptics and Lasers in Engineering
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Flow resistance law under equilibrium bed-load transport conditions

2018

Abstract The uniform flow resistance equation, in the form due to Manning or Darcy-Weisbach, is often applied to determine the stage-discharge relationship of a river cross-section. The application of this equation, namely the slope-area method, allows to indirectly measure by water level readings the corresponding river discharge. In this paper, a recently deduced flow resistance equation for open channel flow was tested during conditions of equilibrium bed-load transport. First the flow resistance equation was determined by dimensional analysis and applying the condition of incomplete self-similarity for the flow velocity profile. Then the analysis was developed by the following steps: (i…

Dimensional analysi010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences0208 environmental biotechnology02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesShields parametersymbols.namesakeFroude numberElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentation0105 earth and related environmental sciencesBed loadPhysicsFlow velocity profileComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition020801 environmental engineeringComputer Science ApplicationsOpen-channel flowFlumeSelf-similarityFlow conditionsFlow velocityFlow resistanceLawModeling and SimulationsymbolsPotential flowBed-load
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A-Codes from Rational Functions over Galois Rings

2006

In this paper, we describe authentication codes via (generalized) Gray images of suitable codes over Galois rings. Exponential sums over these rings help determine--or bound--the parameters of such codes.

Discrete mathematicsMathematics::Commutative AlgebraApplied MathematicsFundamental theorem of Galois theoryGalois groupRational functionExponential polynomialComputer Science ApplicationsEmbedding problemDifferential Galois theorysymbols.namesakeGalois rings Gray map codesComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionComputingMethodologies_SYMBOLICANDALGEBRAICMANIPULATIONComputer Science::MultimediasymbolsSettore MAT/03 - GeometriaGalois extensionResolventMathematicsDesigns, Codes and Cryptography
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Tensor product multiresolution analysis with error control for compact image representation

2002

A class of multiresolution representations based on nonlinear prediction is studied in the multivariate context based on tensor product strategies. In contrast to standard linear wavelet transforms, these representations cannot be thought of as a change of basis, and the error induced by thresholding or quantizing the coefficients requires a different analysis. We propose specific error control algorithms which ensure a prescribed accuracy in various norms when performing such operations on the coefficients. These algorithms are compared with standard thresholding, for synthetic and real images.

Discrete mathematicsMultiresolution analysisMathematicsofComputing_NUMERICALANALYSISWavelet transformImage processingReal imageThresholdingTensor productControl and Systems EngineeringSignal ProcessingComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringChange of basisAlgorithmSoftwareMathematicsImage compressionSignal Processing
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On Table Arrangements, Scrabble Freaks, and Jumbled Pattern Matching

2010

Given a string s, the Parikh vector of s, denoted p(s), counts the multiplicity of each character in s. Searching for a match of Parikh vector q (a “jumbled string”) in the text s requires to find a substring t of s with p(t) = q. The corresponding decision problem is to verify whether at least one such match exists. So, for example for the alphabet Σ = {a, b, c}, the string s = abaccbabaaa has Parikh vector p(s) = (6,3,2), and the Parikh vector q = (2,1,1) appears once in s in position (1,4). Like its more precise counterpart, the renown Exact String Matching, Jumbled Pattern Matching has ubiquitous applications, e.g., string matching with a dyslectic word processor, table rearrangements, …

Discrete mathematicsParikh vectors jumbled pattern matching scrabble approximate pattern matching000AnagramParikh vectorsString searching algorithmApproximate string matchingDecision problemalgorithmsData structureJumbled Pattern MatchingSubstringscrabbleapproximate pattern matchingString MatchingWavelet TreePattern matchingMathematics
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Nonlinear embeddings: Applications to analysis, fractals and polynomial root finding

2016

We introduce $\mathcal{B}_{\kappa}$-embeddings, nonlinear mathematical structures that connect, through smooth paths parameterized by $\kappa$, a finite or denumerable set of objects at $\kappa=0$ (e.g. numbers, functions, vectors, coefficients of a generating function...) to their ordinary sum at $\kappa \to \infty$. We show that $\mathcal{B}_{\kappa}$-embeddings can be used to design nonlinear irreversible processes through this connection. A number of examples of increasing complexity are worked out to illustrate the possibilities uncovered by this concept. These include not only smooth functions but also fractals on the real line and on the complex plane. As an application, we use $\mat…

Discrete mathematicsPolynomialGeneral MathematicsApplied MathematicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyParameterized complexityFOS: Physical sciencesStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMathematical Physics (math-ph)Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)Nonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and Solitons01 natural sciencesNonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems010305 fluids & plasmasProperties of polynomial rootsNonlinear system0103 physical sciencesCountable setConnection (algebraic framework)010306 general physicsComplex planeReal lineAdaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)Mathematical PhysicsMathematics
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Characterization and Extraction of Irredundant Tandem Motifs

2012

We address the problem of extracting pairs of subwords (m1,m2) from a text string s of length n, such that, given also an integer constant d in input, m1 and m2 occur in tandem within a maximum distance of d symbols in s. The main effort of this work is to eliminate the possible redundancy from the candidate set of the so found tandem motifs. To this aim, we first introduce the concept of maximality, characterized by four specific conditions, that we show to be not deducible by the corresponding notion of maximality already defined for "simple" (i.e., non tandem) motifs. Then, we further eliminate the remaining redundancy by defining the concept of irredundancy for tandem motifs. We prove t…

Discrete mathematicsRedundancy (information theory)TandemMotif extraction Pattern discoveryText stringLinear numberMathematics
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A coupled Finite Volume–Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method for incompressible flows

2016

Abstract An hybrid approach is proposed which allows to combine Finite Volume Method (FVM) and Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH). The method is based on the partitioning of the computational domain into a portion discretized with a structured grid of hexahedral elements (the FVM-domain ) and a portion filled with Lagrangian particles (the SPH-domain ), separated by an interface made of triangular elements. A smooth transition between the solutions in the FVM and SPH regions is guaranteed by the introduction of a layer of grid cells in the SPH-domain and of a band of virtual particles in the FVM one (both neighboring the interface), on which the hydrodynamic variables are obtained throug…

DiscretizationSPHComputational MechanicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyCoupled FVM–SPH approachBoundary condition01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasSettore ICAR/01 - IdraulicaSmoothed-particle hydrodynamicsPhysics and Astronomy (all)0103 physical sciencesComputational mechanicsMechanics of Material0101 mathematicsMirror particleComputational MechanicPhysicsFinite volume methodMechanical EngineeringMathematical analysisSmoothed Particle HydrodynamicComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionGridComputer Science ApplicationsComputational physics010101 applied mathematicsMechanics of MaterialsCompressibilityReduction (mathematics)Interpolation
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