Search results for " transplantation."

Targeting Bcl-2 family proteins modulates the sensitivity of B-cell lymphoma to rituximab-induced apoptosis.

2008

The chimeric monoclonal antibody rituximab is the standard of care for patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). Rituximab mediates complementdependent cytotoxicity and antibodydependent cellular cytotoxicity of CD20-positive human B cells. In addition, rituximab sensitizes B-NHL cells to cytotoxic chemotherapy and has direct apoptotic and antiproliferative effects. Whereas expression of the CD20 antigen is a natural prerequisite for rituximab sensitivity, cell-autonomous factors determining the response of B-NHL to rituximab are less defined. To this end, we have studied rituximab-induced apoptosis in human B-NHL models. We find that rituximab directly triggers apoptosis via the m…

Hepassocin as a treatment for fulminant hepatic failure: will it translate from rats to human?

2010

Acute liver failure (ALF) is defined as the abrupt loss of hepatic cellular function in a patient without pre-existing liver disease, with the subsequent development of coagulopathy, jaundice and encephalopathy. It remains one of the most challenging medical emergencies, due to the multiorgan nature of the disease, the rapid evolution of the clinical condition and the need for multidisciplinary supportive interventions in order to assess the necessity for liver transplantation (LT) correctly.1 Despite different causes of ALF, the mode of cell death typically follows one of two patterns: necrosis or apoptosis; apoptosis is manifest by nuclear and cytoplasmic shrinkage without disturbance of …

Hepatitis C Virus NS3/4A Protease Inhibitors.

2008

Chronic hepatitis C virus infection is a global problem worldwide due to the lack of an effective therapy (the current standard of care treatment is effective in about 40-50% of the cases), and the difficulties in developing a protective vaccine. Chronic infection progresses to end-stage liver disease and liver failure in a considerable number of infected individuals. Once liver function is compromised, the only reliable therapeutic intervention is liver transplantation. Unfortunately, re-infection of the graft is unavoidable, and a new chronic hepatitis is early established in transplant recipients, that can result in graft loss. Thus, there is an urgent need for new, specifically targeted…

The clinical benefit of instituting a prospective clinical community-acquired respiratory virus surveillance program in allogeneic hematopoietic stem…

2019

Highlights • Rapid detection methods used as first diagnostic test for CARVs may delayed the start of antiviral therapy in a significant number of influenza and RSV cases. • Syndromic multiplex RT-PCR-based prospective clinical CARV survey in allo-HCT recipients translates into a lower mortality rate as compared to standard clinical practice based on RSV and influenza virus rapid detection test. • We found that donor/recipient HLA mismatch, CARV LRTD and high-risk ISI were also associated with higher mortality.

Proteasomes shape the repertoire of T cells participating in antigen-specific immune responses

2006

Differences in the cleavage specificities of constitutive proteasomes and immunoproteasomes significantly affect the generation of MHC class I ligands and therefore the activation of CD8-positive T cells. Based on these findings, we investigated whether proteasomal specificity also influences CD8-positive T cells during thymic selection by peptides derived from self proteins. We find that one of the self peptides responsible for positive selection of ovalbumin-specific OT-1 T cells, which is derived from the f-actin capping protein (Cpalpha1), is efficiently generated only by immunoproteasomes. Furthermore, OT-1 mice backcrossed onto low molecular mass protein 7 (LMP7)-deficient mice show a…

Changes in Pulmonary Volumes in Patients Who Underwent Lung Transplantation for Pulmonary Fibrosis

2012

Retrograde in situ versus antegrade pulmonary preservation in clinical lung transplantation: a single-centre experience.

2014

OBJECTIVE Experimental and clinical studies have indicated a beneficial effect of retrograde lung preservation on post-transplant results. Accordingly, we conducted a non-randomized trial. METHODS A total of 209 consecutive recipients transplanted with low-potassium dextrane (LPD)-preserved lungs were eligible for analysis. Antegrade lung preservation (AP) was performed in 173 patients and retrograde in situ perfusion (RP) in 36 patients using low-potassium dextrane solution in all cases. The prostacycline was added to preservation solution. RESULTS The main donor, graft and recipient characteristics did not differ significantly between groups. There was a beneficial trend toward improved o…

External iliac artery pseudoaneurysm complicating renal transplantation

2009

Objective: To assess the etiology, management and outcome of iliac pseudoaneurysms following renal transplantation. Methods: Eleven patients who underwent repair between 1982 and 2007 were identified. Five (Group 1) presented pseudoaneurysm at the anastomosis of the donor renal and native iliac arteries, and six (Group 2) presented iliac pseudoaneurysm following transplant nephrectomy. Intraoperative cultures and immunohistochemical examinations were obtained from all surgical cases to determine the existence of a relationship between infection or transplant rejection and pseudoaneurysm formation. Results: Endovascular repair (EVR) was used to treat three patients, while eight patients unde…

Interalveolar pores increase in aging and severe airway obstruction

2021

Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Physical Activity following Lung Transplantation: A National Cohort Study

2020

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Low cardiorespiratory fitness and inactivity are common after lung transplantation (LTx). The causes of exercise intolerance are incompletely understood. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of this study was to objectively assess cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity, evaluate causes of exercise intolerance, and explore clinical factors associated with cardiorespiratory fitness after bilateral LTx (BLTx). <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Peak oxygen uptake (V<b>∙</b>O<sub>2peak</sub>) and exercise-limiting factors were evaluated by a treadmill cardiopulmonary…