Search results for "010606 plant biology & botany"
showing 10 items of 1457 documents
Stipa dickorei sp. nov. (Poaceae), three new records and a checklist of feather grasses of China
2016
Stipa dickorei sp. nov. from the Western Tibetan Plateau (China) is described. The new species is morphologically similar to S. regeliana, but they differ from each other in the length of ligules of vegetative shoots. Stipa dickorei is also similar to S. aliena, however they differ in the shape of panicle, which is contracted with straight branches in S. dickorei, and lax with flexuous branches in S. aliena. Images of macromorphological and micromorphological structures of the new taxon are provided. Additionally, new records of S. borysthenica, S. richteriana, and S. zalesskii, species not listed in the recent Flora of China, as well as a checklist of Chinese feather grasses are also prese…
Valorisation of Persimmon and Blueberry By-Products to Obtain Functional Powders: in vitro Digestion and Fermentation by Gut Microbiota
2020
[EN] Globalization of fruit and vegetable markets generates overproduction, surpluses, and potentially valuable residues. The valorization of these byproducts constitutes a challenge, to ensure sustainability and reintroduce them into the food chain. This work focuses on blueberry and persimmon residues, rich in polyphenols and carotenoids, to obtain powders with high added value to be used as ingredients in food formulation. These powders have been characterized, and the changes in the bioactive compounds in in vitro gastrointestinal digestion have been evaluated. The results indicated that the type of residue, the drying process, as well as the content and type of fiber determine the rele…
Cytotoxic polyoxygenated isopimarane diterpenoids from the edible rhizomes of Kaempferia galanga (kencur)
2020
Abstract Kaempferia galanga (Family Zingiberaceae) is a widely distributed Asian medicinal plant and cultured crop. Several traditional uses of the rhizomes of this plant have been reported with widely using as flavors and spice in cooking. The present work concerned the isolation and identification as well as antiproliferative activity of metabolites of the rhizomes of K. galanga. Three new polyoxygenated isopimarane diterpenoids, kaemgalangols B-D (1-3), were isolated and identified in addition to 20 knowns (4-27), one monoterpene (28), and five known phenolic compounds (29-33). The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were established mainly based upon the spectroscopic analysis…
Variation in leaf anatomical traits relates to the evolution of C4 photosynthesis in Tribuloideae (Zygophyllaceae)
2019
Abstract Tribuloideae (Zygophyllaceae, Zygophyllales) is a warm-climate clade of mostly creeping herbs with an uncertain number of C4 species from at least two genera, raising the possibility of multiple C4 origins within this lineage. To delineate C3 and C4 distributions within Tribuloideae, we conducted a phylogenetic analysis using four genetic markers from 78 accessions of Tribuloideae. δ13C values from 68 Tribuloideae members detected 42 C4 species in the genera Kallstroemia, Tribulopis and Tribulus, and no C4 in Balanites, Neoluederitzia, and Sisyndite. All Kallstroemia are C4, while Tribulopis and Tribulus include C3 species. Two independent C4 origins are supported, one in Tribulus …
Doubled haploid production in onion (Allium cepa L.): from gynogenesis to chromosome doubling
2020
Bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) is an allogamous diploid (2n = 16) important for its culinary uses, nutritional value, and medicinal benefits. Despite its economic importance, onion yields and bulb quality are declining, emphasizing the need for new and improved strategies for maintaining and enhancing overall crop quality. Development of inbred lines in onion through traditional breeding is often difficult due to its biennial life cycle, inbreeding depression, and comparatively high heterozygosities. Moreover, genetic research in onion has been hampered by large nuclear genome size. In this regard, gynogenic doubled haploids promise several advantages over inbred lines in support of onion bree…
Incidence and control of black spot syndrome of tiger nut
2017
Tiger nut (Cyperus esculentum) is a very profitable crop in Valencia, Spain, but in the last years, part of the harvested tubers presents black spots in the skin making them unmarketable. Surveys performed in two consecutive years showed that about 10% of the tubers were severely affected by the black spot syndrome whose aetiology is unknown. Disease control procedures based on selection of tubers used as seed (seed tubers) or treatment with hot-water and/or chemicals were assayed in greenhouse. These assays showed that that this syndrome had a negative impact on the germination rate, tuber size and yield. Selection of asymptomatic seed tubers reduced drastically the incidence of the black …
Consumer preferences for fig fruit (Ficus carica L.) quality attributes and postharvest storage at low temperature by in-store survey and focus group
2017
Fig (Ficus carica L.) is cultivated mainly in southern Italy and in several countries of the Mediterranean area. According to official statistics the quantities of fresh fig placed on domestic market are low, though the home consumption is known to be relatively high in summer. The objective of this study was to discover consumers’ preferences for sensory, quality attributes of fresh fig and primary drivers of liking, in order to enhance fruit marketing value. An in-store consumer test and two focus groups were carried out to assess preferences in regards to fresh figs after 3 and 7 days of storage at low temperature: the selected sensory, intrinsic and extrinsic attributes were ranked by c…
Postharvest quality and sensory attributes of Ficus carica L
2017
The aim of this research was to evaluate the relationship between some physical and chemical characteristics and sensory descriptors of fig fruits ‘Dottato’ and ‘Melanzana’, belonging to the national germplasm bank of fig trees and cultivated in Southern Italy. The sensory principal descriptors used are external appearance, skin color, pulp color, odor, sweetness, stickiness, bitterness, juiciness, firmness, tannic taste and presence of achenes. Fresh weight, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), TSS:TA, firmness, and sensory properties changed with cultivar. SSC was more correlated with sensory attributes than TA, but other factors may also be important in controlling this r…
Differential toxicity of simazine and diuron to Torilis arvensis and Lolium rigidum
1990
Summary: In a soil application, Torilis arvensis was nearly as susceptible as Lolium rigidum to simazine but was 18-fold more tolerant to diuron. Treat ment with diuron inhibited photosynthesis in L. rigidum but had only a limited effect in T. arvensis although chloroplasts isolated from both species displayed similar susceptibility. 14C-diuron degradation in plants was limited, with the formation of conjugates of mono-methyl-diuron in T. arvensis and N-dealkylated derivatives of diuron in L. rigidum. 14C-diuron entered the roots and was translocated throughout the leaves of L. rigidum but was restricted to stems, leaf petioles and leaf veins of T. arvensis. This difference in transport pat…
Evaluation of the shielding in a treatment room with an electronic brachytherapy unit.
2017
Esteya® (Elekta Brachytherapy, Veenendaal, The Netherlands) is an electronic brachytherapy (eBT) system based on a 69.5 kVp x-ray source and a set of collimators of 1 to 3 cm in diameter, used for treating non-melanoma skin cancer lesions. This study aims to estimate room shielding requirements for this unit. The non-primary (scattered and leakage) ambient dose equivalent rates were measured with a Berthold LB-133 monitor (Berthold Technologies, Bad Wildbad, Germany). The latter ranges from 17 mSv h-1 at 0.25 m distance from the x-ray source to 0.1 mSv h-1 at 2.5 m. The necessary room shielding was then estimated following US and some European guidelines. The room shielding for all barriers…