Search results for "5'"
showing 10 items of 358 documents
Modulation of 2′-5′oligoadenylate synthetase by environmental stress in the marine spongeGeodia cydonium
1997
Recently we established the presence of relatively high amounts of 2′-5′oligoadenylates (2′-5′A) and 2′-5′oligoadenylate synthetase (2′-5′A synthetase) in the marine sponge Geodia cydonium. Here we determined by applying radioimmunoassay and high-performance liquid chromatographical methods that the concentration of 2′-5′A and the activity of 2′-5′A synthetase change following exposure of G. cydonium tissue to environmental stress. The 2′-5′A content and the activity of 2′-5′A synthetase, present in crude sponge extract, increase by up to three-fold after treating sponge cubes for 2 h with natural stressors including heat shock (26°C), cold shock (6°C), pH shock (pH 6), and hypertonic shock…
Il lavoro etero-organizzato prima e dopo il caso Foodora Italia.
2019
l contributo ripropone la discussione sull’esegesi della fattispecie disciplinata dall’art. 1 comma 2 del d. lgs. n. 81 del 2015 (nel testo anteriore alla riforma del 2019) trattata dall’autore nei Colloqui Giuridici sul Lavoro del 2015 (a cura) di Antonio Vallebona per il Massimario di Giurisprudenza del Lavoro. Lo studio rigettava la tesi che il lavoro organizzato dal committente fosse la terza fattispecie e anzi con riferimento delle condizioni di applicazione dimostrava la necessità di una lettura includente. La conclusione era che la nuova disciplina aveva natura antifraudolenta e determinava un allargamento (relativo) dell’area della subordinazione conseguente alla riduzione del cam…
Transcription of human neuronal nitric oxide synthase mRNAs derived from different first exons is partly controlled by exon 1-specific promoter seque…
2006
AbstractThe human neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1) gene is subject to extensive splicing. A total of 12 NOS1 mRNA species have been identified. They differ in their 5′ ends and are derived from 12 different first exons (termed exons 1a to 1l). Various cell lines whose NOS1 first exon expression patterns were representative of human brain, skin, and skeletal muscle were identified. These included A673 neuroepithelioma cells, SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cells, HaCaT keratinocyte-like cells, and C2C12 myocyte-like cells. In these cell lines, correlations were found between the exon 1 variants preferentially expressed and the promoter activities of their cognate 5′ flanking sequences. These data…
The modulator is a constitutive enhancer of a developmentally regulated sea urchin histone H2A gene.
2002
Going back to the late 1970s and early 1980s, we trace the Xenopus oocyte microinjection experiments that led to the emergence of the concept of “modulator”. The finding that the modulator could transactivate transcription from far upstream and in either orientation suggested that a new genetic element, different from the classical prokaryotic promoter sequences, had been discovered. This particular enhancer transactivates transcription of the sea urchin early (α) histone H2A gene which is regulated in early sea urchin development. We summarise the data from sea urchin microinjection experiments that confirm and extend the results obtained with Xenopus oocytes. We conclude that the H2A enha…
PGal4 excision reveals the pleiotropic effects of Voila, a Drosophila locus that affects development and courtship behaviour
2001
0016-6723 (Print) Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; In Drosophila melanogaster, the PGal4 transposon inserted at the chromosomal site 86E1-2 is associated with the Voila1 allele that causes multiple phenotypes. Homozygous Voila1/1 flies rarely reach adulthood and heterozygous Voila1/+ adult males display strong homosexual courtship behaviour. Both normal behavioural and developmental phenotypes were rescued by remobilizing the PGal4 element. Yet, the rescue of heterosexual courtship and of adult viability did not occur in the same strains, indicating that these defects have different genetic origins. Furthermore, many strains showed a partial rescue of both characters. Molec…
Common genomic structure for the Lepidoptera cadherin-like genes.
2005
A cadherin-like protein present in the midgut epithelial cells of Lepidoptera is associated with insect resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry toxins. We describe for the first time the genes that encode the cadherin-like proteins in Ostrinia nubilalis, Helicoverpa armigera, and Bombyx mori, and analyze their organization. These genes encompass 19.6 kb, 20.0 kb, and 41.8 kb of genomic DNA, respectively, and despite the size heterogeneity, they are all composed of 35 exons that are linked by 34 introns. In contrast to the high variability noted for the sizes of the introns, the sizes of the coding exons were almost completely preserved among the three species, because the intronic sequence…
The experimental herbicide UKJ72J is an inhibitor of succinate oxidation in plant mitochondria
1983
not received UKJ72J Herbicide Thiopyrimidine Plant mitochondria Inhibitor Succinate oxidation
Specific sequence elements in the 5′ untranslated regions of rbcL and atpB gene mRNAs stabilize transcripts in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinh…
2001
Using a series of point mutations in chimeric reporter gene constructs consisting of the 5' regions of the Chlamydomonas chloroplast rbcL or atpB genes fused 5' to the coding sequence of the bacterial uidA (GUS) gene, RNA-stabilizing sequence elements were identified in vivo in the 5' untranslated regions (5' UTRs) of transcripts of the chloroplast genes rbcL and atpB in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In chimeric rbcL 5' UTR:GUS transcripts, replacement of single nucleotides in the 10-nt sequence 5'-AUUUCCGGAC-3', extending from positions +38 to +47 relative to the transcripts' 5' terminus, shortened transcript longevity and led to a reduction in transcript abundance of more than 95%. A similar…
Changes in the 5?-untranslated region of the rbcL gene accelerate transcript degradation more than 50-fold in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinha…
2003
Using uidA (beta-glucuronidase; GUS) reporter gene constructs, the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of the Chlamydomonas chloroplast rbcL gene was screened by deletion and mutational analysis for the presence of a promoter element that previous studies implied to reside within the first 63 base pairs of the UTR. Deleting a large segment of the rbcL 5'UTR in a 3'--5' direction to position +36, changing the remaining 36 base pairs at the 5' end of the UTR, and increasing by five base pairs the distance between the rbcL 5'UTR and the basic promoter element located at position -10 did not abolish transcription from the basic rbcL promoter. It is concluded that the apparent loss of transcriptional a…
Cordycepin analogues of 2',5'-oligoadenylate inhibit human immunodeficiency virus infection via inhibition of reverse transcriptase.
1991
Analogues of 2',5'-oligoadenylates (2-5A), the cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) core trimer (Co3) and its 5'-monophosphate derivative (pCo3), were shown to display pronounced anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) activity in vitro. Treatment of HIV-1 infected H9 cells with 1 microM Co3 or pCo3 resulted in an almost 100% inhibition of virus production. The compounds were encapsulated in liposomes targeted by antibodies specific for the T-cell receptor molecule CD3. Substitution of one or two cordycepin units in Co3 or pCo3 decreased the antiviral activity of the compounds. pCo3 did not stimulate 2-5A-dependent ribonuclease L activity and displayed no effect on the amount of cellular…