Search results for "AUTISM"
showing 10 items of 457 documents
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of Macula and Optic Nerve in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study
2020
The aim of this study was to compare retinal thicknesses and vascular parameters between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and neurotypical (NT) individuals. Recruited ASD subjects and age- and sex-matched NT controls underwent 2 optical coherence tomography scans (OCT) (macular cube and optic nerve cube) and 2 OCT angiography (OCTA) scans (macular and optic nerve head (ONH) OCTA) with the device Cirrus 5000 (Zeiss). Concerning OCT, we considered full retina thickness in 9 macular sectors of the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) pattern and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness in 4 quadrants and 12 clock-hour sectors. Vessel density and capillary perfusion…
Assistive Technologies and Autism Spectrum Disorders
2015
This chapter discusses assistive technologies applied in people with autism spectrum disorders and how these technologies promote their adaptation. We analyzed different technological application areas such as detection, assessment, diagnosis, intervention, training, learning, environment control, communication, mobility, and access. In recent years there has been a notable increase of publications and works related to the use of assistive technologies applied to Autism Spectrum Disorders. While most of the publications present novel systems, devices, and applications (smartphones, tablets, robots, avatars, etc.), general evaluation of the results is insufficient. Future lines of research a…
The impact of modern jazz dance on the electrical brain activity
2018
AbstractDance as one of the earliest cultural assets of mankind is practised in different cultures, mostly for wellbeing or for treating psycho-physiological disorders like Parkinson, depression, autism. However, the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms are still unclear and only few studies address the effects of particular dance styles. For a first impression, we were interested in the effects of modern jazz dance (MJD) on the brain activation that would contribute to the understanding of these mechanisms. 11 female subjects rehearsed a MJD choreography for three weeks (1h per week) and passed electroencephalographic (EEG) measurements in a crossover-design thereafter. The objectives …
Minor Neurological Dysfunctions (MNDs) in Autistic Children without Intellectual Disability
2018
Background: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) require neurological evaluation to detect sensory-motor impairment. This will improve understanding of brain function in children with ASD, in terms of minor neurological dysfunctions (MNDs). Methods: We compared 32 ASD children without intellectual disability (IQ ≥ 70) with 32 healthy controls. A standardized and age-specific neurological examination according to Touwen was used to detect the presence of MNDs. Particular attention was paid to severity and type of MNDs. Results: Children with ASD had significantly higher rates of MNDs compared to controls (96.9% versus 15.6%): 81.3% had simple MNDs (p < 0.0001) and 15.6% had comple…
RELACIÓN ENTRE EL PROCESAMIENTO SENSORIAL Y LA SEVERIDAD DE LA SINTOMATOLOGÍA EN UNA MUESTRA DE NIÑOS CON TEA
2014
Abstract:RELATION BETWEEN SENSORY PROCESSING AND SEVERITY OF SYMPTOMS IN A SAMPLE OF CHILDREN WITH ASDThe new DSM-5 criteria include the alterations of sensory perception as a new diagnostic criterion to consider in the ASD population. Considering the inclusion of this new approach, the purpose of this study is to compare the features of sensory processing among a group of children (from 5 to 8 years old) with and without ASD. In addition to this, in the case of the ASD group, possible relationships between the sensory processing and the severity of symptoms, assessed by the GARS-2, are analyzed. To do this, the parents of 84 children (41 with ASD diagnosis and 43 with typical development),…
A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Techniques to Reduce Violence Proneness by Interfering in Anger and Irrita…
2020
The field of neurocriminology has proposed several treatments (e.g., pharmacological, brain surgery, androgen-deprivation therapy, neurofeedback) to reduce violence proneness, but unfortunately, their effectiveness has been limited due to their side-effects. Therefore, it is necessary to explore alternative techniques to improve patients’ behavioural regulation with minimal undesirable effects. In this regard, non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, which are based on applying changing magnetic fields or electric currents to interfere with cortical excitability, have revealed their usefulness in alleviating the symptomatology of several mental disorders. However, to our knowledge, there …
Bērna ar autiskā spektra traucējumu iekļaušana vispārizglītojošas skolas 3. klases mācībās
2018
Darba autore: Madara Akmentiņa. Darba temats: „Bērna ar autiskā spektra traucējumu iekļaušana vispārizglītojošas skolas 3. klases mācībās”. Darba mērķis: pētīt skolēna ar autiskā spektra traucējumiem iekļaušanas paņēmienus vispārizglītojošās skolas 3. klases mācību satura apguvē. Bakalaura darbs sastāv no ievada, divām nodaļām, kas sadalītas apakšnodaļās un 1 pielikuma. Darba teorētiskajā daļā analizēti teorētiskie avoti par iekļaujošo izglītību un tās īstenošanas iespējas vispārizglītojošā skolā. Tika pētīta literatūra par bērna AST raksturīgiem traucējumiem un mācību satura un paņēmienu organizēšana bērnu ar AST psihiskās attīstības sekmēšanai. Darba empīriskajā daļā tika pārbaudīti izvir…
Vizuālā atbalsta izmantošana mācību procesa strukturēšanai skolēniem no 8 līdz 10 gadiem ar autiskā spektra traucējumiem
2021
Maģistra darbu “Vizuālā atbalsta izmantošana mācību procesa strukturēšanai skolēniem no 8 līdz 10 gadiem ar autiskā spektra traucējumiem” izstrādājusi Latvijas Universitātes Vispārīgās pedagoģijas specialitātes maģistrantūras 2. kursa studente Lolita Kairova. Darba zinātniskā vadītāja Dr. paed. Sarmīte Tūbele. Ievadā autore sniedz ieskatu par 8-10 gadus vecu bērnu ar autiskā spektra traucējumiem izglītbas iespējām un problēmām Latvijā, pamato tēmas aktualitāti, formulē darba mērķi, uzdevumus, hipotēzi un nosaka darbā izmantojamās metodes. Pētījuma mērķis ir, balstoties uz teorētiskiem zinātniskiem pētījumiem par bērnu ar autiskā spektra traucējumiem efektīvāku apmācību klasē, izmantojot viz…
Communicative skills in Spanish children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Analysis through p…
2018
Background Communicative skills are one of the main deficits experienced by children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The differential diagnosis is a complex issue that clinicians often face. For this reason, this study has two objectives: 1) to analyze the similarities and differences that children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and children with ASD present in their linguistic and communicative skills, through parentś perceptions and narrative production; 2) to identify the relative importance of the skills analyzed in discriminating children with ASD versus children with ADHD, as well as the classification power of each of the two measurement methods used. Metho…
Narratives of children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder: A meta-analysis
2016
Abstract Background The aim of this meta-analysis was to analyze the narrative performance of children and adolescents with high-functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in terms of microstructure, macrostructure and internal state language. Method A systematic literature search yielded 24 studies that met the predetermined inclusion criteria. Effect sizes for each study were calculated for eight variables and analyzed using a random effects model. Intellectual ability, age and type of narrative were considered as potential moderators. Results Results revealed that the children with ASD performed significantly worse than their peers on all the variables considered. Conclusions Findings a…