Search results for "Aberration"
showing 10 items of 293 documents
Spatial light modulator phase mask implementation of wavefront encoded 3D computational-optical microscopy
2015
Spatial light modulator (SLM) implementation of wavefront encoding enables various types of engineered pointspread functions (PSFs), including the generalized-cubic and squared-cubic phase mask wavefront encoded (WFE) PSFs, shown to reduce the impact of sample-induced spherical aberration in fluorescence microscopy. This investigation validates dynamic experimental parameter variation of these WFE-PSFs. We find that particular design parameter bounds exist, within which the divergence of computed and experimental WFE-PSFs is of the same order of magnitude as that of computed and experimental conventional PSFs, such that model-based approaches for solving the inverse imaging problem can be a…
A pilot study on the differences in wavefront aberrations between two ethnic groups of young generally myopic subjects
2008
A comparative population-based cross-sectional study design was used to examine the prevalence of wavefront patterns in two different ethnic groups, and the relationship of these patterns with ocular biometrics and gender. The Shin–Nippon SRW5000 open field autorefractor, the Wavefront Analysis Supported Customized Ablation (WASCA) wavefront analyser and the IOLMaster were used to determine wavefront aberrations, mean spherical equivalent (SE) refractive error and axial length (AL). Seventy-four eyes from 74 young healthy subjects (44 British Asians, 30 Caucasians; 36 men, 38 women; mean age 22.51 ± 3.89 years) with mean SE averaging )1.90 ± 2.76 D (range )10.88 to +2.19 D) were examined. R…
Properties of silicon integrated photonic lenses: bandwidth, chromatic aberration, and polarization dependence
2013
We analyze the properties of silicon integrated photonic lenses based on scattering optical elements. The devices have been inverse- designed by combining genetic algorithms and the multiple scattering theory. These lenses are able to focus an infrared plane wave front on a position freely determined during the design stage. The nanofabricated silicon integrated lenses have proved effective over a large range of wave- lengths, measured to be of the order of 100 nm. The lenses show chromatic aberration, with a displacement of the position of the focus mea- sured to be higher than 1.5 μm when the wavelength varies from 1500 to 1600 nm. Moreover, we analyze the polarization of the focused beam…
The tear film and the optical quality of the eye
2010
The stability of the tear film plays an important role in the optical quality of the eye. Various methods have been developed to quantify the contribution of the tear film to optical quality, including the double-pass optical method, Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensing, videokeratoscopy, retroillumination analysis, and interferometry. In addition to assessing the effect of tear film irregularities, these methods can aid in the diagnosis of dry-eye related conditions and the monitoring of therapy. This review describes the methodologies used to assess the relationship between the tear film and optical quality of the eye and summarizes the most important findings obtained with these methods with…
Depth-of-Field of the Accommodating Eye
2014
Our eyes project information from a three-dimensional world to a basically two-dimensional surface, corresponding to the photoreceptor plane in the retina. In theory, only one plane or surface of world can be in focus at one time. However, the eye exhibits a certain tolerance to out-of-focus images, a feature that is known as depth-of-focus (DOF). The corresponding distance range in which the objects are seen “clearly” is known as depth-of-field (DOFi). Although DOF and DOFi refer to an interval of distances or a dioptric range in the image and object space, respectively, both parameters define a similar concept and are usually interchangeable. This article will mainly refer to DOFi because…
Crystalline lens response to different optical signals
2016
Es bien sabido que el ojo es capaz de cambiar su potencia con el fin de enfocar a objetos ubicados a diferentes distancias. El cambio en enfoque del ojo humano se denomina acomodación y es vital para el rendimiento visual del mismo ya que la acomodación tiene una contribución esencial para dicho rendimiento. La calidad de la imagen retiniana también influye en el rendimiento visual del ojo humano así como en la resolución de las imágenes formadas en la retina. La calidad de la imagen retiniana se describe en términos de aberraciones oculares. El objetivo de esta Tesis fue investigar la respuesta del cristalino a diferentes señales ópticas. Para lograr el objetivo del estudio se utilizaron l…
Light vergence detection in monocular and monochromatic accommodation
2017
El ojo proyecta información desde el mundo tridimensional a la retina, la cual es una superficie bidimensional. Por este motivo, teóricamente sólo objetos que se encuentren en el plano conjugado a la retina pueden ser enfocados de forma correcta y, por tanto, objetos que se encuentren por delante o por detrás del plano conjugado, serán percibidos como imágenes borrosas. Por suerte, la acomodación ocular permite al ojo joven ver objetos situados a diferentes distancias de forma nítida. Este sistema de autoenfoque se consigue gracias al cambio de potencia dióptrica experimentado por el ojo como consecuencia del cambio en la morfología del cristalino. Debido a la alta frecuencia temporal de la…
Ortokeratoloģijas lēcas dizaina ietekme uz acs aksiālā garuma izmaiņām.
2020
Maģistra darbs ir uzrakstīts angļu valodā uz 59 lapaspusēm. Tas satur 24 attēlus, 3 tabulas un 85 literatūras atsauces. Pētījuma mērķis bija novērtēt miopijas kontroles ortokeratoloģijas lēcu formas un optiskās zonas platuma ietekmi uz miopijas progresijas mazināšanu. Darbā tika analizēti 12 bērnu ar augstu miopijas pakāpi ortokeratoloģijas rezultāti, iegūti kopā no 19 acīm. Tika salīdzinātas acs aksiālā garuma izmaiņas, bērniem nēsājot parastas ortokeratoloģijas lēcas un lietojot specializētās miopijas kontroles ortokeratoloģijas lēcas. Rezultāti parādīja, ka specializētās ortokerotoloģijas lēcas daudz efektīvāk samazina acs aksiālā garuma palielināšanos nekā parastās lēcas. Atslēgas vārdi…
Organometallic complexes with biological molecules: V.In vivo cytotoxicity of diorganotin(IV)-amoxicillin derivatives in mitotic chromosomes ofrutilu…
1995
In order to test in vivo cytotoxicity of diorganotin(IV)-amoxicillin (amox) derivatives, mitotic chromosomes of Rutilus rubilio (Pisces, Cyprinidae) have been analyzed using two different chromosome-staining techniques. Results gathered after exposure of fish to the free amox.3H 2 O, R 2 SnClamox.2H 2 O, and R 2 Snamox 2 .2H 2 O (R = methyl, butyl and phenyl ; amox - = 6-[D(-)-β-amino-p-hydroxyphenylacetamido]penicillinate) suggest that methyl derivatives seem to exert a lower cytotoxicity than butyl and phenyl ones and that R 2 Snamox 2 .2H 2 O derivatives are more toxic than R 2 Snclamox.2H 2 O at both 10 -5 and 10 -7 mol dm -3 concentrations. The following structural lesions have been id…
Organometallic complexes with biological molecues, part 3.in vivo cytotoxicity of diorganotin (IV) chloro and triorganotin (IV) chloro derivatives of…
1994
In order to obtain a continuous source of mitotic metaphases, gill tissue of Aphaius fasciatus (Pisces, Cyprinodontiformes) has been successfully employed. Results gathered after exposure of fish to R2SnClpenG, R3SnClpenGNa, to the parents R2SnCl2, R3SnCl and to penGNa (penGNa = penicillinGNa; R = methyl, butyl and phenyl) suggest that both the parent organotin (IV) chloride and organotin (IV) chloropenG derivatives are toxic while penGNa exerts no significant toxic activity. Essentially, all of the chromosome abnormalities are classifiable as irregularly staining of chromosomes, breakages, side-arm bridges or pseudochiasmata.