Search results for "Absorption"

showing 10 items of 2701 documents

Functional response of novel bioprotective poloxamer-structured vesicles on inflamed skin

2017

[EN] Resveratrol and gallic acid, a lipophilic and a hydrophilic phenol, were co-loaded in innovative, biocompatible nanovesicles conceived for ensuring the protection of the skin from oxidative-and inflammatory-related affections. The basic vesicles, liposomes and glycerosomes, were produced by a simple, one-step method involving the dispersion of phospholipid and phenols in water or water/glycerol blend, respectively. Liposomes and glycerosomes were modified by the addition of poloxamer, a stabilizer and viscosity enhancer, thus obtaining viscous or semisolid dispersions of structured vesicles. The vesicles were spherical, unilamellar and small in size (similar to 70 nm in diameter). The …

Materials scienceCell SurvivalSwineSkin AbsorptionBiomedical EngineeringPhospholipidPharmaceutical ScienceMedicine (miscellaneous)Bioengineering02 engineering and technologyPoloxamerResveratrol010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCell Linechemistry.chemical_compoundMiceIn vivoGallic AcidStilbenesGlycerolAnimalsEdemaGeneral Materials SciencePhenolsSkinLiposomePhenolVesicleAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalSkin inflammationPoloxamerFibroblasts021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesOxidative StresschemistryBiochemistryResveratrolLiposomesPhospholipid vesicleBiophysicsMolecular MedicineFemale0210 nano-technology
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Electronic Structure of Oxygen Dangling Bond in GlassySiO2: The Role of Hyperconjugation

2003

The electronic structure and the nature of optical transitions in oxygen dangling bond in silica glass, the nonbridging oxygen hole center (NBOHC), were calculated. The calculation reproduced well the peak positions and oscillator strengths of the well-known optical absorption bands at 2.0 and 4.8 eV, and of the recently discovered absorption band at 6.8 eV. The 2.0 eV band was attributed to transition from the $\ensuremath{\sigma}$ bond between Si and dangling oxygen to nonbonding $\ensuremath{\pi}$ orbital on the dangling oxygen. The uniquely small electron-phonon coupling associated with the 2.0 eV transition is explained by stabilization of Si-O bond in the excited state by hyperconjuga…

Materials scienceCenter (category theory)Dangling bondGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementElectronic structureHyperconjugationCoupling (probability)OxygenchemistryComputer Science::Systems and ControlAbsorption bandExcited stateAtomic physicsPhysical Review Letters
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Er3+-doped GeGaSbS glasses for mid-IR fibre laser application: Synthesis and rare earth spectroscopy

2008

International audience; With an infrared transparency extended to 10 µm, low multiphonon relaxation rates and suitable rare earth solubility, sulphide glasses in the Ge-Ga-Sb-S system allow radiative emission from rare earth ions in the mid-IR range. The Er3+ ion, widely studied in glass fibres for optical amplification at 1.5 µm, presents an interesting transition for mid-IR applications around 4.5 µm (4I9/2→ 4I11/2). Thus, the aim of this work is to evaluate the Er3+-doped Ge20Ga5Sb10S65 glass as a potential fibre laser source operating in the 3-5 µm mid-IR spectral region. For that purpose, absorption and emission spectra were recorded from visible to mid-IR and the radiative lifetimes o…

Materials scienceChalcogenide glassesInfraredAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences010309 opticsInorganic ChemistryErbiumOpticsOptical fibresFiber laser0103 physical sciencesRadiative transferEmission spectrumElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)SpectroscopyMid-infrared[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industryOrganic ChemistryFar-infrared laser021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials42.70.Km; 42.55.Wd; 61.43.FschemistrySpectroscopic properties0210 nano-technologybusinessErbium
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Optical and Vibrational Spectra of CsCl-Enriched GeS2-Ga2S3 Glasses

2016

Optical and FTIR spectroscopy was employed to study the properties of 80GeS2-20Ga2S3-CsCl chalcohalide glasses with CsCl additives in a temperature range of 77–293 K. It is shown that CsCl content results in the shift of fundamental absorption edge in the visible region. Vibrational bands in FTIR spectra of (80GeS2-20Ga2S3)100 − х (СsCl) x (x = 5, 10, and 15) are identified near 2500 cm−1, 3700 cm−1,, around 1580 cm−1, and a feature at 1100 cm−1. Low energy shifts of vibrational frequencies in glasses with a higher amount of CsCl can be caused by possible thermal expansion of the lattice and nanovoid agglomeration formed by CsCl additives in the inner structure of the Ge-Ga-S glass.

Materials scienceChalcohalide glassChalcogenideAnalytical chemistryNanochemistry02 engineering and technologyModification01 natural sciencesThermal expansionVibrational propertieschemistry.chemical_compound78.70.BjMaterials Science(all)Lattice (order)0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials ScienceFourier transform infrared spectroscopy010302 applied physicsNano ExpressChalcogenide61.43.Fs71.23.CqAtmospheric temperature rangeOptical spectra021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics81.70PgchemistryAbsorption edge82.56Ub0210 nano-technologyVibrational spectraNanoscale Research Letters
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Drug release from alpha,beta-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-DL-aspartamide-based microparticles.

2004

Abstract Spherical pH-sensitive microparticles have been prepared by reverse phase suspension polymerization technique. Starting polymer has been α , β -poly( N -2-hydroxyethyl)- dl -aspartamide (PHEA) partially derivatized with glycidylmethacrylate (GMA). PHEA-GMA copolymer (PHG) has been crosslinked in the presence of acrylic acid (AA) or methacrylic acid (MA) at various concentration. The obtained microparticles have been characterized by FT-IR spectrophotometry, particle size distribution analysis and scanning electron microscopy. In order to have information about water affinity of the prepared samples, swelling measurements have been carried out in aqueous media which simulate some bi…

Materials scienceChemical structureBiophysicsDrug Evaluation PreclinicalMolecular ConformationBioengineeringAbsorptionBiomaterialsDiffusionchemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Delivery SystemsSpectrophotometryPolymer chemistrymedicineCopolymerParticle SizeAcrylic acidchemistry.chemical_classificationDrug Carriersmedicine.diagnostic_testWaterHydrogelsPolymerMicrospheresBody FluidschemistryMethacrylic acidPharmaceutical PreparationsMechanics of MaterialsDelayed-Action PreparationsCeramics and CompositesSuspension polymerizationSwellingmedicine.symptomPeptidesNuclear chemistryBiomaterials
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Development and evaluation of occlusive systems employing polyvinyl alcohol for transdermal delivery of sumatriptan succinate

2010

The aim of the present study was to develop a sumatriptan succinate transdermal system for applying migraine treatments efficiently and easily. For this system polyvinyl alcohol was employed as a matrix and Azone((R)) was added as a permeability enhancer. The physical characteristics, mechanical properties, and in vivo bioadhesion of the systems were evaluated, as was in vitro permeation across porcine skin. A uniform distribution of the drug in the matrix was observed, and moisture uptake values were constant. With regard to mechanical parameters, occlusive layer inclusion made the system more resistant, and no significant differences were detected with respect to other systems. Although A…

Materials scienceChemistry PharmaceuticalDrug CompoundingMigraine DisordersSkin AbsorptionPharmaceutical SciencePharmacologyAdministration CutaneousPolyvinyl alcoholPermeabilitychemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Delivery SystemsDrug StabilityIn vivoSumatriptan SuccinatemedicineTechnology PharmaceuticalVasoconstrictor AgentsDrug InteractionsAntihypertensive AgentsTransdermalDrug CarriersSumatriptanAzepinesGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationPermeationSerotonin Receptor AgonistsSumatriptanSolubilitychemistryPermeability (electromagnetism)Polyvinyl AlcoholPolyvinylsAzoneBiomedical engineeringmedicine.drugDrug Delivery
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Optical and magnetic properties of ZnCoO thin films synthesized by electrodeposition

2008

Ternary Zn1−xCoxO crystalline films with different compositions were grown by electrodeposition. The Co content in the final compound is linked to the initial Co/Zn ratio in the starting solution. X-ray diffraction reveals a wurtzite structure for the Zn1−xCoxO films. Transmittance spectra show two effects proportional to Co content, a redshift of the absorption edge and three absorption bands, which are both interpreted to be due to the Co incorporated into the ZnO lattice. The amount of deposited charge was used to get a precise control of the film thickness. Magnetic measurements point out that Co(II) ions are isolated from each other, and consequently the films are paramagnetic. Francis…

Materials scienceCobalt ; Electrodeposition ; Magnetic susceptibility ; Magnetic thin films ; Magnetisation ; Paramagnetic materials ; Semiconductor growth ; Semiconductor thin films ; Semimagnetic semiconductors ; Zinc compoundsParamagnetic materialsAnalytical chemistryUNESCO::FÍSICAGeneral Physics and AstronomySemiconductor thin filmsMagnetic semiconductorCobaltSemiconductor growthMagnetic susceptibilityMagnetic susceptibilityMagnetizationParamagnetismNuclear magnetic resonanceMagnetic thin filmsMagnetisationAbsorption edgeElectrodeposition:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Semimagnetic semiconductorsZinc compoundsThin filmTernary operationWurtzite crystal structure
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EDA: EXAFS data-analysis software package

2021

The EXAFS data-analysis software package EDA consists of a suite of programs running under a Windows operating system environment that is designed to perform all steps of conventional EXAFS data analysis such as extraction of the XANES/EXAFS parts of the X-ray absorption coefficient, Fourier filtering and EXAFS fitting using the Gaussian and cumulant models. The package also includes two advanced approaches which allow the reconstruction of the radial distribution function (RDF) from EXAFS based on the regularization-like method and the calculation of configuration-averaged EXAFS using a set of atomic configurations obtained from molecular-dynamics or Monte Carlo simulations.---- / / / ----…

Materials scienceComputer scienceGaussianCarry (arithmetic)Monte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciencesMaximum entropy method02 engineering and technologyRadial distribution function01 natural sciencesComputational scienceSet (abstract data type)symbols.namesakeCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Analysis softwareElectrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physics010302 applied physicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceExtended X-ray absorption fine structureComputer programImproved algorithmMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsXANESElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsEXAFSIBM PC compatibleMicrosoft Windowssymbols0210 nano-technology
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Cationic vacancies and anomalous spectral-weight transfer in Ti1−xTaxO2thin films studied via polarization-dependent near-edge x-ray absorption fine …

2013

We report the electronic structures of Ta-doped anatase TiO 2 thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) with varying magnetization using a combination of first-principles calculations and near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. The roles of Ta doping and Ti vacancies are clarified, and the observed room-temperature ferromagnetism is attributed to the localized magnetic moments at Ti vacancy sites ferromagnetically ordered by electron charge carriers. O K -edge spectra exhibit significant polarization dependence which is discussed and supported by first-principles calculations in relation to both the crystal symmetry and the formation of defects. In particula…

Materials scienceCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsXANESElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPulsed laser depositionX-ray absorption fine structureCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceMagnetizationNuclear magnetic resonanceK-edgeFerromagnetismVacancy defectThin filmPhysical Review B
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Luminescence Center Excited State Absorption in Calcium and Zinc Tungsates

2002

The tungstate crystals are well known scintillators. The mechanism of luminescence center formation and the luminescence center model are under discussion today. The results of time-resolved spectroscopy of luminescence center in ZnWO4 and CaWO4 in wide temperature regions was presented. The luminescence and induced absorption under pulsed electron beam excitation (pulse duration 10 ns, 0.26 MeV) were studied. The experimental equipment used allows one to obtain the transient absorption spectra, luminescence decay kinetics and transient absorption relaxation times.

Materials scienceCondensed Matter::OtherRelaxation (NMR)Physics::OpticsScintillatorCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundTungstatechemistryUltrafast laser spectroscopyPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersAtomic physicsLuminescenceSpectroscopyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Excitation
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