Search results for "Absorption"

showing 10 items of 2701 documents

Flux growth at 1230 °C of cubic Tb2O3 single crystals and characterization of their optical and magnetic properties

2015

International audience; In this work, we present the first crystal growth of cubic Tb2O3 single crystals by a controlled atmosphere flux method which uses a heavy metal free solvent working at less than half the melting temperature of this sesquioxide. Cubic millimeter-sized crystals extracted from as-grown boules are phase (powder XRD) and chemically (GDMS) pure and exhibit a Verdet constant in the visible and near-infrared spectral ranges, which is at least three times higher than that of a commercial Tb3Ga5O12 (TGG) crystal. The 1.36 mm thick crystals display a transmission coefficient higher than 77% over the 525 nm–1.38 μm spectral range. The absorption spectrum, magnetic susceptibilit…

Flux methodMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyVerdet constantAnalytical chemistryInorganic compoundsCrystal growthGeneral Chemistry[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsMagnetic susceptibilityCrystalsCrystalSesquioxideCrystallographyImpurity[ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceCrystal growth
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Bioavailability and metabolism.

2002

Food intakefood intakephenol derivativeClinical BiochemistryGlucosinolatesreviewantioxidant activityBiological AvailabilityPhysiological SciencesAscorbic AcidBiologydigestionalpha tocopherolBiochemistryIntestinal absorptionmedical researchAntioxidantsSeleniumPhenolsLife ScienceAnimalsHumansVitamin ETissue DistributionTissue distributionhumanglutathioneMolecular BiologynonhumanWageningen Food Safety ResearchfoodGeneral MedicineMetabolismAscorbic acidCarotenoidsGlutathionecarotenoidBioavailabilityBiochemistryIntestinal AbsorptionHealthFoodOrgan SpecificityPhenol derivativeMolecular MedicinebioavailabilityabsorptionmetabolismBiological availabilityMolecular aspects of medicine
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Lemon Juice, Sesame Paste, and Autoclaving Influence Iron Bioavailability of Hummus: Assessment by an In Vitro Digestion/Caco-2 Cell Model

2020

Hummus, an iron-containing plant-based dish mainly made from chickpea pur&eacute

Food processing and formulationHealth (social science)030309 nutrition & dieteticsIron uptake by Caco-2 cellsPlant Sciencelcsh:Chemical technologyHealth Professions (miscellaneous)MicrobiologyArticlelaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0404 agricultural biotechnologyIron dialysisPlant-based foodIn vivolaw[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringlcsh:TP1-1185Food science2. Zero hunger0303 health sciencesbiologyChemistryMediterranean and middle-eastern cuisineCell modelIn vitro digestion04 agricultural and veterinary sciences[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringIn vitro digestionHummus040401 food science3. Good healthBioavailabilityFerritin[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionCaco-2biology.proteinLemon juiceAtomic absorption spectroscopy[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionNon-heme ironFood Science
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Mind the gap—deficits in our knowledge of aspects impacting the bioavailability of phytochemicals and their metabolites—a position paper focusing on …

2015

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-NoDerivs Licence.-- et al.

Food processingColonFood HandlingMetabolitePhytochemicalsBiological AvailabilityReviewsReviewPharmacologyBiologymedicine.disease_causeGastrointestinal epitheliumchemistry.chemical_compoundSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingBiotransformationsIntestine SmallmedicineHumansTissue DistributionCarotenoidBiotransformationchemistry.chemical_classificationMicrobiotaPolyphenolsCarotenoidsGastrointestinal MicrobiomeBioavailabilityTransportersIntestinal AbsorptionSolubilityPhytochemicalBiochemistrychemistryPolyphenol/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_beingEffluxOxidative stressMixed dietFood ScienceBiotechnologyMolecular Nutrition & Food Research
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Capillary electrophoresis–inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry hyphenation for the determination at the nanogram scale of metal affinities an…

2012

Abstract A screening strategy based on hyphenated capillary electrophoresis and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (CE–ICP-MS) was developed to classify phosphorylated ligands according to their europium(III) binding affinity in a hydro-organic medium (sodium formate, pH 3.7, H2O/MeOH 90:10, v/v). Taking advantage of the high sensibility of ICP-MS for detecting phosphorus, this method enabled to assess the affinity of a variety of phosphorylated compounds, including phosphine oxides, thiophosphines, phosphonates, and phosphinates, in less than 1 h and using less than 5 ng of substance. By varying the total europium concentration, complexation constants could be determined accordin…

Formateschemistry.chemical_elementLigandsLanthanoid Series ElementsBiochemistryMass SpectrometryAnalytical ChemistryMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundCapillary electrophoresisEuropiumLimit of DetectionInductively coupled plasma mass spectrometryPrincipal Component AnalysisChromatographySodium formateMethanolOrganic ChemistryElectrophoresis CapillaryReproducibility of ResultsGeneral MedicinePhosphorus Compoundschemistryvisual_artLinear Modelsvisual_art.visual_art_mediumThermodynamicsSpectrophotometry UltravioletTitrationAbsorption (chemistry)EuropiumPhosphineJournal of Chromatography A
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Inhomogeneous free-electron distribution in InN nanowires: Photoluminescence excitation experiments

2010

Photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra have been measured for a set of self-assembled InN nanowires (NWs) and a high-crystalline quality InN layer grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. The PLE experimental lineshapes have been reproduced by a self-consistent calculation of the absorption in a cylindrical InN NW. The differences in the PLE spectra can be accounted for the inhomogeneous electron distribution within the NWs caused by a bulk donor concentration $({N}_{D}^{+})$ and a two-dimensional density of ionized surface states $({N}_{ss}^{+})$. For NW radii larger than 30 nm, ${N}_{D}^{+}$ and ${N}_{ss}^{+}$ modify the absorption edge and the lineshape, respectively, and can be determined f…

Free electron modelMaterials scienceCondensed matter physics: Physics [G04] [Physical chemical mathematical & earth Sciences]02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsEpitaxy7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsSpectral lineElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials: Physique [G04] [Physique chimie mathématiques & sciences de la terre]Absorption edgeIonization0103 physical sciencesPhotoluminescence excitationAbsorption (logic)010306 general physics0210 nano-technologySurface statesPhysical Review B
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Combined effect of turbulence and aerosol on free-space optical links

2017

[EN] Despite the benefits of free-space optical (FSO) communications, their full utilization is limited by the influence of atmospheric weather conditions, such as fog, turbulence, smoke, snow, etc. In urban environments, additional environmental factors such as smog and dust particles due to air pollution caused by industry and motor vehicles may affect FSO link performance, which has not been investigated in detail yet. Both smog and dust particles cause absorption and scattering of the propagating optical signal, thus resulting in high attenuation. This work investigates the joint impact of atmospheric turbulence and dust particle-imposed scattering on FSO link performance as part of the…

Free-space optical communicationMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Airflow02 engineering and technologyAtmospheric sciences01 natural sciencesIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering010309 opticsOptics0103 physical sciencesTEORIA DE LA SEÑAL Y COMUNICACIONES0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringBusiness and International ManagementAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)AerosolComunicació i tecnologiaPhysicsAerosolsbusiness.industryTurbulenceAttenuationFree-space opticsAtmospheric turbulence020206 networking & telecommunicationsÒpticaAerosolTurbulenceWavelengthExtinction (optical mineralogy)businessFree-space optical communication
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Complexation and Electronic Communication between Corannulene-Based Buckybowls and a Curved Truxene-TTF Donor

2017

Abstract: The association behavior of an electron-donating, bowl-shaped, truxene-based tetrathiafulvalene (truxTTF) with two corannulene-based fullerene fragments, C32H12 and C38H14, is investigated in several solvents. Formation of 1:1 complexes is followed by absorption titrations and complemented by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The binding constants are in the range logKa=2.9–3.5. DFT calculations reveal that the most stable arrangement is the conformation in which the 1,3-dithiole ring of truxTTF is placed inside the concave cavity of the corannulene derivative. This arrangement is confirmed experimentally by NMR measurements, and implies that a combination of p–p and C…

Fullerene010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistrySupramolecular chemistryQuímica orgánicaGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysis3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesPhotoexcitationchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryCorannuleneUltrafast laser spectroscopyDensity functional theoryAbsorption (chemistry)Tetrathiafulvalene
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Presystemic metabolism and intestinal absorption of antipsoriatic fumaric acid esters.

2003

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Its treatment is based on the inhibition of proliferation of epidermal cells and interference in the inflammatory process. A new systemic antipsoriasis drug, which consists of dimethylfumarate and ethylhydrogenfumarate in the form of their calcium, magnesium and zinc salts has been introduced in Europe with successful results. In the present study, a homologous series of mono- and diesters of fumaric acid has been studied with respect to the sites and kinetics of presystemic ester degradation using pancreas extract, intestinal perfusate, intestinal homogenate and liver S9 fraction. In addition, intestinal permeability has been determined usi…

Fumaric acidCell Membrane PermeabilitySwineDimethyl FumaratePharmaceutical ScienceBiological AvailabilityPancreatic ExtractsIntestinal absorptionchemistry.chemical_compoundIntestinal mucosaFumaratesmedicineAnimalsHumansPsoriasisPharmacology (medical)Enzyme InhibitorsIntestinal MucosaCells CulturedPharmacologyIntestinal permeabilityDimethyl fumarateMicrovilliGeneral MedicineMetabolismmedicine.diseasePropranololIntestineschemistryBiochemistryS9 fractionAtenololIntestinal AbsorptionLipophilicityCaco-2 CellsLiver ExtractsBiopharmaceuticsdrug disposition
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Study of the potential toxicity of commercial crispy breads by evaluation of bioaccessibility and bioavailability of minor Fusarium mycotoxins

2011

Abstract Enniatins (ENs) are bioactive compounds produced by the secondary metabolism of several Fusarium strains and known to have several biological activities, such as acting as enzyme inhibitors, antifungal and antibacterial agents, and immunomodulatory substances. This study has investigated the ENs bioaccessibility, spiked in commercial wheat crispy bread at 1.5 and 3.0 μmol/g concentrations, their transepithelial transport and bioavailability using Caco-2 cells as a model of the human intestinal epithelium. The content (%) of the four ENs contained in the gastric fluid has resulted variable from 69% to 91%, considering the two concentrations assayed. The mean bioaccessibility data fo…

FusariumBiological AvailabilityFood ContaminationAbsorption (skin)Toxicologychemistry.chemical_compoundFusariumDepsipeptidesHumansFood scienceSecondary metabolismMycotoxinTriticumchemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyGastric fluidBiological TransportBreadGeneral MedicineMycotoxinsbiology.organism_classificationBioavailabilityEnzymechemistryEnvironmental chemistryCaco-2 CellsFood SciencePotential toxicityFood and Chemical Toxicology
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