Search results for "Abuse"

Interpersonal Violence and Women's Psychological Well-Being

2011

The health impact of violence against women by perpetrators other than intimate partners has received little attention. This study aims to analyze the effect of different forms of interpersonal violence on women's health.Adult women (10,815) randomly sampled from primary healthcare services around Spain were included. Women were grouped as follows: (1) no history of violence, (2) history of intimate partner violence only (IPV), (3) history of non-IPV only, and (4) history of both IPV and non-IPV. Lifetime prevalence of violence by IPV, non-IPV, and both was calculated. Adjusted multivariable regression analysis was performed to assess the effects of the different forms of violence on women'…

Validity and Reliability of the Spanish Version of the "Abuse Assessment Screen" among Pregnant Women.

2016

Objective: To assess the reliability, accuracy, and construct validity of the Spanish Abuse Assessment Screen (AAS) among pregnant women using the Spanish version of Index of Spouse Abuse (ISA) as a reference standard. Design and Sample: Cross-sectional survey. A total of 1,329 pregnant women were selected in nine primary care centers during 2008-2009. Measures: The Spanish ISA was self-administered first, followed by the AAS, administered by the midwife. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of the Spanish AAS were compared with the Spanish version of the ISA as a reference standard. Results: Percentage of agreement between initial and retest administration of the Spanish AAS was…

Sexual Function of Postmenopausal Women Addicted to Alcohol

2018

Introduction: Alcoholism impairs female sexual functions (decreased sex drive, reduced vaginal fluid, difficulty to experience orgasm). Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the course of perimenopausal period and sexual life of female alcoholics. Methods: 97 women at the age of 40&ndash

Childhood Maltreatment, Educational Attainment, and IQ: Findings From a Multicentric Case-control Study of First-episode Psychosis (EU-GEI).

2022

[Background and hypothesis] Evidence suggests that childhood maltreatment (ie, childhood abuse and childhood neglect) affects educational attainment and cognition. However, the association between childhood maltreatment and Intelligence Quotient (IQ) seems stronger among controls compared to people with psychosis. We hypothesised that: the association between childhood maltreatment and poor cognition would be stronger among community controls than among people with first-episode of psychosis (FEP); compared to abuse, neglect would show stronger associations with educational attainment and cognition; the association between childhood maltreatment and IQ would be partially accounted for by ot…

Exercise as an Adjuvant Intervention in Opiate Dependence

2013

We read with interest the article by Weinstock et al. in whichthe authors propose exercise as an adjuvant intervention inopiate agonist treatment based on current research findings(1).The use of an opiate agonist, such as buprenorphine, butmainly, methadone, for the treatment of opiate dependenceis currently an effective therapy for this type of addiction.The main benefits of this treatment occur through a relieffrom craving narcotic drugs, a temporally suppression ofwithdrawal symptoms, and by blocking the euphoric effectsof opiates (2). Unfortunately, patients needing treatment foropiatedependenceoftenfaceavarietyofco-occurringissues,suchashepatitisBandCvirusesorhumanimmunodeficiencyvirus (H…

2021

Gambling may range from being a recreational leisure activity to a behavioral addiction. A rising number of gamblers experience adverse consequences from gambling, termed problem gambling, which may become a challenge for the individual and society. With the present research, we aimed to investigate the correlates of problem gambling. We used a large sample of more than 12,500 individuals (46% male, Mage = 48, SDage = 18) from the Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey and analyzed sociodemographic and personality variables (Big Five, locus of control) as well as the extent of problem gambling. Findings showed that male sex and a lower level of education were rel…

El modulador alostérico negativo de los mGluR5, MPEP, potencia la reinstauración de la preferencia condicionada inducida con priming de cocaína

2019

Cocaine addiction is a chronic disorder with high relapse rates; therefore, understanding the neuronal mechanisms underlying drug-seeking during relapse is a priority to develop targeted pharmacotherapy. The metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) seems to be involved in the reinstatement induced by cocaine-associated cues. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of MPEP, a negative allosteric modulator of mGluR5, in attenuating or potentiating the reinstatement induced by priming doses of cocaine in the CPP paradigm, ultimately to further knowledge regarding the role of the mGluR5 in relapse into cocaine abuse. OF1 mice (48 female and 48 male) were conditioned in th…

Anabolic steroid abuse and dependence: risk factors of the use of drug and psychoactive substances

2009

On-Line Derivatization into Precolumns for the Determination of Drugs by Liquid Chromatography and Column Switching:  Determination of Amphetamines i…

1996

A chromatographic system for the on-line derivatization of drugs using column switching is described. The system uses a 20 mm × 2.1 mm i.d. precolumn packed with a unmodified ODS stationary phase. This column is used for sample cleanup and enrichment of the analytes. Next, the trapped analytes are derivatized by injection of the derivatization reagent into the precolumn. Finally, the derivatives are transferred to the analytical column for their separation under reversed-phase conditions. The influence of several parameters such as the reaction time, the amount of derivatization reagent, or the system design has been studied using some amphetamines as model compounds and three derivatizatio…

A preliminary study on the stability of benzodiazepines in blood and plasma stored at 4 degrees C.

1997

An approach to determine the stability of benzodiazepines and some of their metabolites (n = 13) by means of a routinely applied gas chromatographic method using electron capture detection was made in this preliminary study. Validation data of the method are given. Spiked blood and plasma samples were stored at 4 degrees C and analysed at selected times up to 240 days. The concentrations of all analytes had decreased to at least 60% of the original levels at the end of the observation period. A clear pattern of breakdown could not be established. The data obtained suggest that results from long-term stored samples should be interpreted cautiously. Further investigations concerning the stabi…