Search results for "Air"
showing 10 items of 13227 documents
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with better quality of life: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative
2016
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean diet has positively influenced various medical conditions, but only a paucity of studies has considered the relation between the Mediterranean diet and quality of life (QOL) among people living in North America. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether a higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet (aMED) was associated with better QOL and decreased pain, stiffness, disability, and depression in a large cohort of North Americans from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. DESIGN aMED was evaluated through a validated Mediterranean diet score categorized into quintiles. Outcomes of interest were QOL [assessed with the 12-Item Short-Form Health Outcome Survey (SF-12)]; disability,…
Maternal Inheritance of a Recessive RBP4 Defect in Canine Congenital Eye Disease
2018
SUMMARY Maternally skewed transmission of traits has been associated with genomic imprinting and oocyte-derived mRNA. We report canine congenital eye malformations, caused by an amino acid deletion (K12del) near the N terminus of retinol-binding protein (RBP4). The disease is only expressed when both dam and offspring are deletion homozygotes. RBP carries vitamin A (retinol) from hepatic stores to peripheral tissues, including the placenta and developing eye, where it is required to synthesize retinoic acid. Gestational vitamin A deficiency is a known risk factor for ocular birth defects. The K12del mutation disrupts RBP folding in vivo, decreasing its secretion from hepatocytes to serum. T…
Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and artificially sweetened beverages from childhood to adulthood in relation to socioeconomic status – 15 ye…
2018
Background In Norway, social inequalities in health and health-related behaviors have been reported despite the well-developed welfare state. The objective of the present study was to analyze; (i) the development in frequency of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and artificially sweetened beverages (ASB) from childhood to adulthood; (ii) socioeconomic inequalities in the consumption of SSB and ASB using different indicators of socioeconomic status (SES); (iii) time trends in potential disparities in SSB and ASB consumption among different socioeconomic groups to assess the development in socioeconomic inequality from childhood to adulthood. Methods This study uses data from the…
What is the influence of parents' myopia on their children's myopic progression? A 22-year follow-up study.
2016
Purpose To study the connection between parental myopia and their children's myopia from school age to adulthood. Methods Two hundred and forty myopic schoolchildren (119 boys, 121 girls, mean age 10.9 years) with no previous spectacles for myopia were recruited to a 3-year treatment trial with different use of spectacles. Follow-ups were performed at mean ages of 13.9, 23.7 and 33.2 years for 238, 176 and 170 subjects respectively. Subjective refraction was calibrated to the spherical equivalent at corneal level (SEcor). Corneal refractive power (CR) and axial length (AL) were measured. Parental myopia was assessed with a questionnaire and the children assigned accordingly to one of three …
Long-term effects of a cluster randomized controlled kindergarten-based intervention trial on vegetable intake among Norwegian 3-5-year-olds: the BRA…
2020
AbstractObjectiveTo report on long-term effects of a cluster randomized controlled kindergarten-based intervention trial, which aimed to increase vegetable intake among Norwegian preschool children (3–5 years at baseline). The effects of the intervention at follow-up 1 (immediately post-intervention) have previously been published. This paper presents the effects of the intervention from baseline to follow-up 2 (12 months post-intervention).ResultsParental consents were obtained for 633 out of 1631 eligible children (response rate 38.8%). The effects of the intervention from baseline to follow-up 2 were assessed by mixed-model analyses taking the clustering effect of kindergartens into acco…
Vascular Risk Factors, Vascular Diseases, and Imaging Findings in a Hospital-based Cohort of Mild Cognitive Impairment Types
2017
Background: Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a transitional state between normal cognition and dementia. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the role of vascular risk factors, vascular diseases, cerebrovascular disease and brain atrophy in a large hospital-based cohort of MCI types including 471 amnestic MCI (a-MCI), 693 amnestic MCI multiple domain (a-MCImd), 322 single non-memory MCI (snm-MCI), and 202 non amnestic MCI multiple domain (na-MCImd). For comparison, 1,005 neurologically and cognitively healthy subjects were also evaluated. Method: Several vascular risk factors and vascular diseases were assessed. All participants underwent neurological, neuropsychological an…
Trends in Food Habits and Their Relation to Socioeconomic Status among Nordic Adolescents 2001/2002-2009/2010
2016
BACKGROUND: In the Nordic countries, substantial policy and intervention efforts have been made to increase adolescents' consumption of fruit and vegetables and to reduce their intake of sweets and soft drinks. Some initiatives have been formulated in a Nordic collaboration and implemented at national level. In recent years, social inequalities in food habits have been attracted particular governmental interest and several initiatives addressing the socioeconomic gradient in food habits have been highlighted. However, few internationally published studies have evaluated how trends in adolescents' food habits develop in the context of Nordic nutrition policy, or have compared differences bet…
Self-Reported Non-Celiac Wheat Sensitivity in High School Students: Demographic and Clinical Characteristics
2017
Background: Non-Celiac Wheat Sensitivity (NCWS) has recently been included among the gluten-related disorders. As no biomarkers of this disease exist, its frequency has been estimated based on self-reported symptoms, but to date no data are available about self-reported NCWS in teenagers. Aim: To explore the prevalence of self-reported NCWS in a group of high school students and to study their demographic and clinical characteristics. Methods: The study was performed between April 2015 and January 2016 in two high schools of a coastal town in the south of Sicily (Italy). A total of 555 students (mean age 17 years, 191 male, 364 female) completed a modified validated questionnaire for self-r…
Expanding the phenotype of reciprocal 1q21.1 deletions and duplications: a case series
2017
Abstract Background Recurrent reciprocal 1q21.1 deletions and duplications have been associated with variable phenotypes. Phenotypic features described in association with 1q21.1 microdeletions include developmental delay, craniofacial dysmorphism and congenital anomalies. The 1q21.1 reciprocal duplication has been associated with macrocephaly or relative macrocephaly, frontal bossing, hypertelorism, developmental delay, intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. Methods Our study describes seven patients, who were referred to us for developmental delay/intellectual disability, dysmorphic features and, in some cases, congenital anomalies, in whom we identified 1q21.1 CNVs by arra…
DNA methylation changes and somatic mutations as tumorigenic events in Lynch syndrome-associated adenomas retaining mismatch repair protein expression
2018
Background: DNA mismatch repair (MMR) defects are a major factor in colorectal tumorigenesis in Lynch syndrome (LS) and 15% of sporadic cases. Some adenomas from carriers of inherited MMR gene mutations have intact MMR protein expression implying other mechanisms accelerating tumorigenesis. We determined roles of DNA methylation changes and somatic mutations in cancer-associated genes as tumorigenic events in LS-associated colorectal adenomas with intact MMR. Methods: We investigated 122 archival colorectal specimens of normal mucosae, adenomas and carcinomas from 57 LS patients. MMR-deficient (MMR-D, n 49) and MMR-proficient (MMR-P, n 18) adenomas were of particular interest and were inter…