Search results for "B1"
showing 10 items of 1109 documents
Effects of fumonisin B1 on performance of juvenile Baltic salmon (Salmo salar)
2013
Fumonisin B1 is a mycotoxin produced by fungi of the genus Fusarium that frequently occurs on maize (Zea mays) and feeds containing it. The use of plant-based protein sources in feeds designed for aquaculture has increased due to their low costs compared with fishmeal. This trend has resulted in a global increase in feed formulations contaminated with mycotoxins, producing economical losses in aquaculture industry. The topic also causes concerns because of the potential health consequences that aquaculture products could have on human consumers. FB1 mainly disrupts sphingolipid metabolism and also has immune suppressive effects. Fish mycotoxicosis produces a wide range of symptoms from poor…
Disruption of Eph/ephrin signaling affects migration and proliferation in the adult subventricular zone.
2000
The subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles, the largest remaining germinal zone of the adult mammalian brain, contains an extensive network of neuroblasts migrating rostrally to the olfactory bulb. Little is known about the endogenous proliferation signals for SVZ neural stem cells or guidance cues along the migration pathway. Here we show that the receptor tyrosine kinases EphB1-3 and EphA4 and their transmembrane ligands, ephrins-B2/3, are expressed by cells of the SVZ. Electron microscopy revealed ephrin-B ligands associated with SVZ astrocytes, which function as stem cells in this germinal zone. A three-day infusion of the ectodomain of either EphB2 or ephrin-B2 into the la…
A única intuição – o único pensamento: Sobre a questão do sistema em Fichte e em Schopenhauer
2007
In this paper, the theme “intuition” and “thought” is related to the problem, virulent in the German Idealism, of the philosophical systematic. After the conception of system sustained by Kant in the “Architectonic of reason” was criticized as formalist, and, at the same time, the criticism on the rationalist systems, formerly exerted by the empiricism, developed in the 18th century, it emerged a methodological crisis in the philosophy at the end of that century, maybe expressed in the most intense way in one “fragment” written by Friedrich Schlegel: “It is equally mortal to the spirit to have a system and to have none”. Fichte and Schopenhauer deal with the system issue in the light of the…
Hegel’s Non-Metaphysical Idea of Freedom
2016
the article explores the putatively non-metaphysical – non-voluntarist, and even non-causal – concept of freedom outlined in Hegel’s work and discusses its influential interpretation by robert Pippin as an ‘essentially practical’ concept. I argue that Hegel’s affirmation of freedom must be distinguished from that of Kant and Fichte, since it does not rely on a prior understanding of self-consciousness as an originally teleological relation and it has not the nature of a claim ‘from a practical point of view’.
Multi‐Mycotoxin Analysis in Durum Wheat Pasta by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Quadrupole Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry
2017
A simple and rapid multi‐mycotoxin method for the determination of 17 mycotoxins simultaneously is described in the present survey on durum and soft wheat pasta samples. Mycotoxins included in the study were those mainly reported in cereal samples: ochratoxin‐A (OTA), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZON), deoxynivalenol (DON), 3‐and 15‐acetyl‐deoxynivalenol (3‐AcDON and 15‐AcDON), nivalenol (NIV), neosolaniol (NEO), fusarenon‐X, (FUS‐X), T‐2 toxin (T‐2) and HT‐2 toxin (HT‐2), fumonisin B1 and B2 (FB1 and FB2), and four emerging mycotoxins: three enniatins (ENA, ENA1, and ENB), and beauvericin (BEA). Twenty‐nine samples were analyzed to provide an overview on mycotoxin presence: 27 samples…
Analysis of fumonisins in corn-based food by liquid chromatography with fluorescence and mass spectrometry detectors
2008
Abstract The presented procedure involves an extraction with methanol–water, centrifugation and cleanup with immunoaffinity columns. A comparison study between fluorescence detector, mass spectrometry, and tandem mass spectrometry with a triple quadrupole (QqQ) analyzer using an electrospray ionisation interface for the determination of fumonisin B1 and B2 in corn-based products has been performed. Limits of quantification obtained by the three detectors were lower than the maximum levels established by European Commission. Liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry provides higher sensitivity (12 μg kg−1for fumonisins B1 and B2) when compared to mass spectrometry (40 μg kg−1…
Biomonitoring of Enniatin B1 and Its Phase I Metabolites in Human Urine: First Large-Scale Study
2020
Enniatins (Enns) are mycotoxins produced by Fusarium spp. which are a fungus widely spread throughout cereals and cereal-based products. Among all the identified enniatins, Enn B1 stands as one of the most prevalent analogues in cereals in Europe. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate for the first time the presence of Enn B1 and its phase I metabolites in 300 human urine samples using an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS) methodology. Enn B1 was detected in 94.3% of samples ranging from 0.007 to 0.429 ng/mL (mean value: 0.065 ng/mL). In accordance with previous in vitro and in vivo analysis, hydroxylated metabolites …
Potential Application of Lactic Acid Bacteria to Reduce Aflatoxin B1 and Fumonisin B1 Occurrence on Corn Kernels and Corn Ears
2019
Fungal spoilage is an important issue for the food industry, leading to food sensory defects, food waste, economic losses and public health concern through the production of mycotoxins. Concomitantly, the search for safer natural products has gained importance since consumers began to look for less processed and chemically treated foods. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal and antimycotoxigenic effect of seven strains of Lactobacillus plantarum. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were grown on Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) broth at 37 º
Isolation, purification, LC–MS/MS characterization and reactive oxygen species induced by fumonisin B1 in VERO cells
2010
Fumonisins are mycotoxins produced by Fusarium verticillioides that commonly contaminate maize and maize products. The present work shows the results of a comparative study of three different fermentation's techniques (solid and liquid medium of corn and a solid agarized medium) for the production of fumonisins B-1, B-2 and B-3 with strains of F. verticillioides. The solid medium of corn was the most effective in the production of fumonisins, being Fumonisin B-1 the one produced with higher concentration, so the extract obtained by solid fermentation process was used for FB1 purification. Fumonisins characterization and quantification were performed with reversed-phase high-performance liqu…
Evaluation of gaseous allyl isothiocyanate against the growth of mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxin production in corn stored for 6 months
2018
Brazil produces approximately 63 million tons of corn kernels annually, which is commonly contaminated with fungi and mycotoxins. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of gaseous allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) to inhibit the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus and Fusarium verticillioides, and mycotoxin production (aflatoxins B1 , B2 , G1 and G2 , fumonisins B1 and B2 ) in corn during 180 days of storage.; Results: AITC at 50 µL L-1 resulted in a significant reduction of the fungal population (P < 0.05) after 180 days, decreasing 3.17 log(CFU g-1 ) and 3.9 log(CFU g-1 ) of A. parasiticus and F. verticillioides respectively in comparison with the control. In addition, 10 and 50…