Search results for "Biological fluid"
showing 10 items of 22 documents
Comparative studies on the detection of benzodiazepines in serum by means of immunoassays (FPIA).
1993
Serum was tested for benzodlazeplnes by fluorescence polarlzatlon Immunoassay (FPIA) on Abbott's ADx system uslng the benzodlazeplne serum reagents (Benzo S) and the benzodlazeplne urine reagents (Benzo U) after pretreatment of speclmens by means of acetone preclpltatlon. The followlng sera were included for comparing the two methods: negatlve sera spiked with varlous benzodlazeplnes; 80 sera randomly selected out of a total of 8654 serum specimens from Impalred drlvers; and blood speclmens from Indlvlduals who stated that they had taken benzodlazeplnes. The different benzodlazeplnes were added to serum st concentratlons of 25, 75, and 300 ng/mL. The low-dose benzodlazeplnes flunltrazepam a…
Disposition of ciprofloxacin following intravenous administration in dogs
1994
The pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin (CIP) following intravenous administration in dogs have been investigated. The drug was administered at three doses (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg body weight) and was assayed in biological fluid samples (plasma and urine) by an HPLC method. The plasma concentration-time curves were best described by a two-compartment open pharmacokinetic model. The drug was widely distributed (Vd(area) almost 3 l/kg), being distributed in the dog more rapidly than in other species (t1/2(lambda 1) 3 min approximately). The elimination half-life (t1/2 lambda 2) was 129-180 min which is similar to values obtained in other species. The unchanged drug eliminated in urine was less tha…
Relationship between lanthanide contents in aquatic turtles and environmental exposures
2013
International audience; Trace elements released in the environment during agricultural practices can be incorporated and accumulated in biological fluids and tissues of living organisms. The assessment of these exposures were carried out investigating lanthanide distributions in blood and exoskeleton samples collected from Emys trinacris turtle specimens coming from sites with anthropogenic discharge in western and south Sicily, along migration paths of many bird species from Africa to Europe. The data show a significant (Rxy = 0.72; Rxy > 0.67; α = 0.025) linear relationship between the size of turtle specimens and the lanthanide contents in blood lower than 0.4 μg L−1 whereas this relatio…
Nanostructured Electrodes For Biosensing: An Innovative Technology With Huge Potential Applications
2019
An Alternative to the Human Hemoglobin Test in the Investigation of Bloodstains Treated with Active Oxygen: The Human Glycophorin A Test
2011
In criminal investigations, there are three stages involved when studying bloodstains: search and orientation, confirmation, and individualization. Confirmatory tests have two aims: to show that the stain contains a human biological fluid and to confirm the type of biological fluid. The need to determine the nature of the evidence is reflected in the latest bibliography, where the possibility of employing mRNA and miRNA markers for this purpose is proposed. While these new proposals are being investigated, the kits for determining human hemoglobin currently provide a simple solution for resolving this issue. With these kits, the possibility of obtaining false positives and false negatives i…
Posaconazole concentrations in the central nervous system
2008
more susceptible to the killing activity of caspofungin. This study is the first comparing caspofungin killing activity against the closely related species C. parapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis and C. metapsilosis. Killing curves, regardless of the medium used, showed a decreasing order of susceptibility to caspofungin: C. metapsilosis . C. orthopsilosis . C. parapsilosis. Based on high echinocandin MICs for C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, in the case of isolates identified as C. parapsilosis sensu lato low MICs of echinocandins may be regarded as an indicator that an isolate is in fact C. orthopsilosis or C. metapsilosis; in the case of isolates with low echinocandin MICs, DNA-based identificat…
Blood absorption capacity of different xenograft bone substitutes. An in-vitro study
2019
Background Commercially available xenograft blocks, claim to have adequate characteristics to interact with biological media and thus permitting biological fluid absorption. The objective of this in vitro study was to compare the blood absorption capacity of four different xenograft block materials of different composition of collagen and porosity. Material and Methods Four brands of xenograft block materials were used (NuOss®, Bio-Oss®, Osteobiol® and Smartbone®). Five samples of each brand were analyzed, making a total of 20 tests. Human blood was used as the absorption liquid for the present experiment. The time period, in which the block remains in contact with the blood, was registered…
ANALYSIS OF WHOLE BLOOD AND PLACENTA—A CASE STUDY OF MOTHERS AND THEIR BABIES
2002
In a previous report optimisation of ED-XRF and TXRF for whole blood analysis has been reported. In the present work the optimised technique has been applied to investigate possible influence on pregnancy outcome due to an environment characterised by high levels of pollutants. Two groups of maternal and neonate whole blood were analysed with TXRF and GFAAS. The material of the first group was taken from Zabrze (Upper Silesia, Poland), an industrial region with a high degree of pollution. The second group consisted of controls from the Goteborg region in Sweden, where the levels of toxic pollutants in the environment are not as high as those in Zabrze. The results show that as compared with…
Sample preparation strategies for the determination of psychoactive substances in biological fluids
2020
This review focuses on the existing analytical procedures for the determination of new psychoactive substances (NPS) in biological fluids by chromatographic methods. Direct analysis of samples is scarcely employed and most proposed methodologies include a sample pre-treatment in order to remove matrix interferents and, in some cases, pre-concentrate extracts. Current extraction methods for NPS determination in plasma/serum, urine, and oral fluids have been widely discussed, such as liquid-liquid, solid-phase, and micro extraction approaches, highlighting the advantages and drawbacks of the proposed extraction methodologies. Regarding microextraction approaches, techniques like microextracti…
Engineering Proteins at Interfaces: From Complementary Characterization to Material Surfaces with Designed Functions
2018
Abstract Once materials come into contact with a biological fluid containing proteins, proteins are generally—whether desired or not—attracted by the material's surface and adsorb onto it. The aim of this Review is to give an overview of the most commonly used characterization methods employed to gain a better understanding of the adsorption processes on either planar or curved surfaces. We continue to illustrate the benefit of combining different methods to different surface geometries of the material. The thus obtained insight ideally paves the way for engineering functional materials that interact with proteins in a predetermined manner.