Search results for "Biophysic"

showing 10 items of 3565 documents

Visualization of Simulated Arrhythmias due to Gap Junctions

2018

New computational models are able to simulate details of cardiac cell networks. Their results allow a better understanding of the functionality of the heart and suggest possible actions to reduce non-fatal premature beats that can give rise to serious diseases. We developed a user-friendly interface to organize Neuron simulations and to present in real-time a three-dimensional representation of the electrical activity due to the gap junctions which interconnect the cells inside cardiac tissues. All physiological parameters were set according to real experimental observations and compared against different types of arrhythmias, retrieved from the Physionet Data Base.

0301 basic medicine030103 biophysicsComputational modelSettore INF/01 - InformaticaComputer scienceInterface (computing)Gap junctionPremature BeatsCardiac cellVisualization03 medical and health sciencesRepresentation (mathematics)Gap junctions erratic arrhythmias Neuron simulation Blender renderingSimulationProceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies
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Effect of various dentin disinfection protocols on the bond strength of resin modified glass ionomer restorative material.

2017

Background Disinfection of dentin surface prior to any restorative therapy is important for the longevity of the treatment rendered. However, these dentin disinfection methods should itself not interfere with the adhesion of the restorative material. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine the effect of various dentin disinfection protocols on the shear bond strength (SBS) of resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC). Material and methods The occlusal surface of 40 extracted premolars were trimmed to obtain a flat dentinal surface and was randomly divided into four groups. CTRL was the control group; NaOCl was 1% sodium hypochlorite disinfection group; CHX was 2% chlorhexidine di…

0301 basic medicine030103 biophysicsGlass ionomer cementDentistryOperative Dentistry and Endodontics03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinestomatognathic systemmedicineDentinGeneral DentistryUniversal testing machineBond strengthbusiness.industryResearchChlorhexidineResin modified030206 dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]medicine.anatomical_structurechemistrySodium hypochloriteUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASRestorative materialbusinessmedicine.drugJournal of clinical and experimental dentistry
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Shear bond strength and debonding characteristics of metal and ceramic brackets bonded with conventional acid-etch and self-etch primer systems: an i…

2016

Background: Different in-vitro studies have reported various results regarding shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets when SEP technique is compared to conventional system. This in-vivo study was designed to compare the effect of conventional acid-etching and self-etching primer adhesive (SEP) systems on SBS and debonding characteristics of metal and ceramic orthodontic brackets. Material and Methods: 120 intact first maxillary and mandibular premolars of 30 orthodontic patients were selected and bonded with metal and ceramic brackets using conventional acid-etch or self-etch primer system. The bonded brackets were incorporated into the wire during the study period to simulate th…

0301 basic medicine030103 biophysicsMaterials scienceOrthodonticsOdontologíaengineering.materialMetal03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCeramicComposite materialGeneral DentistryPrimer (paint)Research030206 dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Ciencias de la saludShear bondOrthodontic bracketsSelf etchvisual_artUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASvisual_art.visual_art_mediumengineeringAdhesiveCeramic brackets
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Investigation of Isoindolo[2,1-a] quinoxaline-6-imines as Topoisomerase I Inhibitors with Molecular Modeling Methods

2017

Background: Isoindolo[2,1-alpha] quinoxalines constitute an important class of compounds which demonstrated potent antiproliferative activity against different human tumor cell lines and topoisomerase I inhibitors. In particular, their water soluble imine or iminium salts recently synthesized showed potent growth inhibitory effect on NCI-60 tumor cell line panel and biological studies performed on the most active compounds demonstrated that they cause DNA damage via topoisomerase I poisoning. Objective: Herein, we investigate with molecular modeling methods, the common features responsible for topoisomerase I inhibition of the water-soluble isoindolo[2,1-alpha] quinoxalin-6-imines, by compa…

0301 basic medicine030103 biophysicsMolecular modelStereochemistryDNA damageAntineoplastic AgentsIsoindolesTopoisomerase-I InhibitorCrystallography X-RayaromatechinStructure-Activity Relationship03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundQuinoxalinetopotecanantiproliferativeCell Line TumorNeoplasmsQuinoxalinesquinoxalineDrug DiscoveryHumansCell Proliferationbiologypharmacophore modelTopoisomeraseIminiumGeneral MedicineSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaMolecular Docking SimulationTopoisomerase IindenoisoquinolineDNA Topoisomerases Type IchemistryDocking (molecular)dockingbiology.proteinMolecular MedicineTopoisomerase I; quinoxaline; antiproliferative; topotecan; aromatechin; indenoisoquinoline; docking; pharmacophore modelIminesTopoisomerase I InhibitorsPharmacophore
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X-ray response of CdZnTe detectors grown by the vertical Bridgman technique: Energy, temperature and high flux effects

2016

Abstract Nowadays, CdZnTe (CZT) is one of the key materials for the development of room temperature X-ray and gamma ray detectors and great efforts have been made on both the device and the crystal growth technologies. In this work, we present the results of spectroscopic investigations on new boron oxide encapsulated vertical Bridgman (B-VB) grown CZT detectors, recently developed at IMEM-CNR Parma, Italy. Several detectors, with the same electrode layout (gold electroless contacts) and different thicknesses (1 and 2.5 mm), were realized: the cathode is a planar electrode covering the detector surface (4.1×4.1 mm2), while the anode is a central electrode (2×2 mm2) surrounded by a guard-rin…

0301 basic medicine030103 biophysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsHigh fluxDigital pulse shape analysi01 natural sciencesBoron oxide encapsulated vertical Bridgmanlaw.invention03 medical and health scienceslaw0103 physical sciencesPolarization (electrochemistry)InstrumentationPhysicsX-ray and gamma ray detectors010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryCdZnTe detectorsCdZnTe detectorEnergy-resolved photon counting detectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleDetectorGamma raySettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)CathodePhoton countingAnodeFull width at half maximumElectrodeEnergy-resolved photon counting detectorsOptoelectronicsDigital pulse shape analysisbusinessNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Digital fast pulse shape and height analysis on cadmium-zinc-telluride arrays for high-flux energy-resolved X-ray imaging.

2017

Cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) arrays with photon-counting and energy-resolving capabilities are widely proposed for next-generation X-ray imaging systems. This work presents the performance of a 2â...mm-thick CZT pixel detector, with pixel pitches of 500 and 250â...μm, dc coupled to a fast and low-noise ASIC (PIXIE ASIC), characterized only by the preamplifier stage. A custom 16-channel digital readout electronics was used, able to digitize and process continuously the signals from each output ASIC channel. The digital system performs on-line fast pulse shape and height analysis, with a low dead-time and reasonable energy resolution at both low and high fluxes. The spectroscopic response …

0301 basic medicine030103 biophysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials sciencePreamplifierInstrumentationenergy-resolved photon counting detectordigital pulse shape analysienergy-resolved photon counting detectors01 natural sciencesCharge sharing03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundOpticshigh flux0103 physical sciencesInstrumentationX-ray and ?-ray detectorsNuclear and High Energy Physiccharge sharingRadiationdigital pulse shape analysisPixel010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryCdZnTe detectorsCdZnTe detectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleDetectorX-ray and γ-ray detectorBiasingSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Cadmium zinc telluridechemistryDirect couplingbusinessJournal of synchrotron radiation
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Dual-polarity pulse processing and analysis for charge-loss correction in cadmium–zinc–telluride pixel detectors

2018

Charge losses at the inter-pixel gap are typical drawbacks in cadmium–zinc–telluride (CZT) pixel detectors. In this work, an original technique able to correct charge losses occurring after the application of charge-sharing addition (CSA) is presented. The method, exploiting the strong relation between the energy after CSA and the beam position at the inter-pixel gap, allows the recovery of charge losses and improvements in energy resolution. Sub-millimetre CZT pixel detectors were investigated with both uncollimated radiation sources and collimated synchrotron X-rays, at energies below and above the K-shell absorption energy of the CZT material. The detectors are DC coupled to fast and low…

0301 basic medicine030103 biophysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials sciencePreamplifierPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectors01 natural sciencesCollimated lightCharge sharinglaw.invention03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundOpticslawcharge losse0103 physical sciencesInstrumentationenergy-resolved photon-counting detectorsNuclear and High Energy Physiccharge lossescharge sharingRadiationPixel010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryCdZnTe detectorsCdZnTe detectorDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentaleenergy-resolved photon-counting detectorSynchrotronSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Cadmium zinc tellurideX-ray and gamma-ray detectorschemistryDirect couplingbusinessX-ray and gamma-ray detector
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Clinical effect of diode laser on peri-implant tissues during non-surgical peri-implant mucositis therapy: Randomized controlled clinical study

2019

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the response to the non-surgical treatment of peri-implant mucositis using the diode laser as an adjuvant therapy in patients with implant-supported restorations, in terms of clinical variables, with respect to those patients in whom conventional non-surgical therapy is used. Material and Methods: Randomized controlled clinical trial with simple blind 3 months follow-up. Two groups of patients were established, the non-surgical mechanical debridement of the affected implants was performed in the control group (n = 34) and the diode laser therapy was also performed in the test group (n = 34). The implant was considered the study subject; the v…

0301 basic medicine030103 biophysicsPeri-implant mucositisBleeding on probingDentistryOdontología03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineLáseresStatistical significanceAdjuvant therapymedicineMucositisTecnología médicaGeneral DentistryImplantes dentalesbusiness.industryResearch030206 dentistrymedicine.disease:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Clinical trialUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASAnalysis of varianceImplantmedicine.symptomOral SurgerybusinessJournal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry
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Hands On: Using Tryptophan Fluorescence Spectroscopy to Study Protein Structure

2019

Fluorescence spectroscopy is well suited to obtain information about the structure and function of proteins. The major advantage of this spectroscopic technique is the pronounced dependence of the fluorescence emission characteristics of fluorophores on their distinct local environment and the rather inexpensive equipment required. In particular, the use of intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence offers the possibility to study structure and function of proteins without the need to modify the protein. While fluorescence spectroscopy is technically not demanding, a number of factors can artificially alter the results. In this article, we systematically describe the most common applications in fluo…

0301 basic medicine030103 biophysicsQuenching (fluorescence)ChemistryTryptophanFluorescenceFluorescence spectroscopy03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyProtein structureTryptophan fluorescenceBiophysicsLocal environmentSpectroscopy
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Generation of oxysterols formed by free radicals and enzymes by electrochemical oxidation

2016

International audience; It is commonly accepted that cholesterol oxide derivatives, also named oxysterols, are 27 carbon-atom molecules deriving either from enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidation of cholesterol. Most of these compounds can be synthesized by more or less difficult and time consuming chemical reactions, and some of them have been discovered before the identification of the enzymes [mainly cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP enzymes)] involved in their biosynthesis. A wide range of biological activities depends on oxysterols. Some oxysterols are also involved in the synthesis of cholesterol metabolites which have various properties. The paper by Weber et al. in this issue of European …

0301 basic medicine030103 biophysicsRadical[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionChemical reactionIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringEditorial Material03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundBiosynthesisIn vivopolycyclic compoundsMoleculechemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyCholesterolCytochrome P450General ChemistryOxysterols[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionEnzymeElectrochemical oxidationchemistryBiochemistrybiology.proteinlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Food ScienceBiotechnology
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