Search results for "Brain diseases"
showing 10 items of 67 documents
Extracerebral biopsies in neurodegenerative diseases of childhood
1999
Abstract Among the numerous neurodegenerative diseases in children few may allow morphological diagnosis by extracerebral biopsy. These encompass neurometabolic conditions, foremost lysosomal disorders, but also peroxisomal and mitochondrial diseases marked by disease- or group-specific organelles. Largely, these neurometabolic conditions can also be diagnosed by biochemical and increasingly by molecular genetic techniques. However, there are a few neurodegenerative diseases which do not allow either biochemical or molecular genetic diagnosis and, thus, rely on biopsy of extracerebral tissues, so-called ‘essential’ biopsies to achieve a diagnosis during the patient's life. Among these few d…
Physics, Techniques and Review of Neuroradiological Applications of Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging (DKI)
2016
In recent years many papers about diagnostic applications of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have been published. This is because DTI allows to evaluate in vivo and in a non-invasive way the process of diffusion of water molecules in biological tissues. However, the simplified description of the diffusion process assumed in DTI does not permit to completely map the complex underlying cellular components and structures, which hinder and restrict the diffusion of water molecules. These limitations can be partially overcome by means of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI). The aim of this paper is the description of the theory of DKI, a new topic of growing interest in radiology. DKI is a higher or…
Carga global, regional y nacional de neurológicas. Desórdenes, 1990-2016: un análisis sistemático para el Global Estudio de la carga de enfermedad 20…
2019
Publisher´s version (útgefin grein).
Uncommon localizations of hydatid cyst. Review of the literature
2016
Introduction Hydatid disease is an endemic anthropozoonosis with usual localization in liver and lungs. Rarely it localizes in uncommon sites as spleen, skeleton, kidney, brain, cardiac muscle, peritoneum, sub cutis. Complications of uncommon localizations are the same that for usual ones. Material and methods Review of the literature on rare and atypical localization of hydatid cysts in soft tissues. Key-words used on Pub-Med [(echinococ OR hydatid) AND (soft tissue OR subcutaneous OR cutaneous)] without time limit. There were found 282 articles; 242 were excluded because of muscular or bone localizations. 40 were coherent. Results Different variables are taken into account: age, sex, geog…
Frame-based and frameless endoscopic procedures in the third ventricle.
1997
Stereotactic guidance is useful for planning an accurate trajectory to the third ventricle. A guiding block with a ball joint was developed for frame-based endoscopy and adaptors for arm-based and armless navigation systems. Between 1992 and 1996, 52 patients were operated on endoscopically in the third ventricle under stereotactic guidance. Thirty-eight ventriculostomies, 13 biopsies and 10 cystic lesions were performed. The coordinates of two points were calculated; one in the foramen of Monro and the second in the third ventricle. The ventriculostomy was performed under endoscopic control bluntly with a Fogarty catheter in front of the basilar artery. Twenty-seven (71%) of the patients h…
Spatial analysis of the relationship between mortality from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and drinking water hardness
2004
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives. Previously published scientific papers have reported a negative correlation between drinking water hardness and cardiovascular mortality. Some ecologic and case-control studies suggest the protective effect of calcium and magnesium concentration in drinking water. In this article we present an analysis of this protective relationship in 538 municipalities of Comunidad Valenciana (Spain) from 1991-1998. We used the Spanish version of the Rapid Inquiry Facility (RIF) developed under the European Environment and Health Information System (EUROHEIS) research project. The strateg…
CK-BB as indicator of prenatal brain-cell injury in fetuses with absent or reverse end-diastolic flow velocities of the umbilical arteries
1994
The purpose of this study is to determine the levels of brain type isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-BB) as a possible indicator of a pre-existing intrauterine brain-cell damage in cord blood sera of fetuses with preceding absent or reverse end-diastolic flow velocities of the umbilical arteries (AREDFV). CK-BB isoenzyme activities were determined in umbilical cord sera of 13 newborn infants with preceding AREDFV and in 14 fetuses with low end-diastolic flow velocities (LEDFV) of the umbilical arteries. 50 newborn infants with elective cesarean section and normal umbilical artery blood flow velocity waveforms were used as controls. Two-tailed Student's t-test and Fischer's exact test were us…
MRI using hyperpolarized noble gases.
1998
The aim of this study was to review the physical basis of MRI using hyperpolarized noble gases as well as the present status of preclinical and clinical applications. Non-radioactive noble gases with a nuclear spin 1/2 (He-3, Xe-129) can be hyperpolarized by optical pumping. Polarization is transferred from circularly polarized laser light to the noble-gas atoms via alkali-metal vapors (spin exchange) or metastable atoms (metastability exchange). Hyperpolarization results in a non-equilibrium polarization five orders of magnitude higher than the Boltzmann equilibrium compensating for the several 1000 times lower density of noble gases as compared with liquid state hydrogen concentrations in…
Mitochondria-related encephalomyopathies.
1989
Owing to advances in morphological and biochemical techniques, the mitochondria-related myopathies and encephalomyopathies have emerged as a still rapidly growing group of primary and secondary metabolic disorders, which may extend from infancy to late adulthood. Impairment of the biochemically diversified mitochondria is reflected in an enormous number of deficiencies, often affecting several mitochondrial enzymes in the same patient; morphologically abnormal mitochondria are common and are thus not specific to individual mitochondrial enzyme deficiencies. Skeletal muscle biopsies have provided a wealth of data through histological and histochemical studies and from isolated mitochondria. …
Porphyromonas gingivalis, Periodontal and Systemic Implications: A Systematic Review
2019
In recent scientific literature, oral infections and systemic manifestations, or correlations between oral health and systemic diseases are a topic of discussion. Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the bacteria implicated in the biofilm formation of bacterial plaque, and plays an important role in the progression of periodontal disease. In this systematic review authors have evaluated the literature of the last 10 years on P. gingivalis and all the systemic implications proven. This study therefore evaluates all the districts of the organism in which this bacterium may have implications. From the results it emerges that P. gingivalis has implications in the onset of different systemic patho…