Search results for "CHEMICALS"
showing 10 items of 991 documents
Has the use of antipyretics been modified after the introduction of different concentrations of ibuprofen into the market?
2014
Introduction: Due to the emergence of new pharmaceutical presentations of ibuprofen (40 mg/mL), an analysis was made on the use of antipyretics in paediatric outpatients in Spain. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study was carried out on a sample of children under 14 years old with treated febrile syndrome, seen in the Emergency Room of the Hospital General Universitario de Valencia from November 2012 to January 2013. Results: Of the 217 children included, 144 were treated with paracetamol or ibuprofen, 69 received both drugs, and one received paracetamol and metamizol. There were 58.7% of exposures to paracetamol and 40.9% to ibuprofen. The parents decide…
The Sicilian wild cabbages as biological resources: taxonomic update and a review on chemical constituents and biological activities
2020
Considering the growing interest that wild brassicas have as sources of bioactive molecules as well as a genetic resource, the authors review and update the taxonomy of Brassica sect. Brassica, limited to the native flora of Sicily, an island considered to be an active diversification center for the group of species of the aforementioned section. Regarding the taxonomic aspects, Brassica tardarae is here considered a subspecies of B. rupestris; the distinction at the subspe- cific level of B. raimondoi, a critical taxon included in B. incana, is also confirmed. In addition, two new subspecies are proposed, respectively in B. incana and B. rupestris. The taxonomic information relating to the…
Evidence for a biogenic, microorganismal origin of rock varnish from the Gangdese Belt of Tibet
2010
In the present study we examined material from the Ashikule Basin of Tibet. Chemical analyses were performed by use of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron probe microanalysis to clarify whether the varnish layers that had developed on the surface of the rhyolite are indeed composed of varnish bodies and silica glaze. Electron microscopic analyses revealed that the surface of the varnish is covered both by filamentous hyphae bacterial and cocci-shaped forms. Within the varnish mineral layer in those samples two forms of bacteria-like microorganisms exist; cocci as tightly packed bacterial aggregates [within varnish bodies], and bacillus-like microorganisms [within the varnish m…
New Alkenylresorcinols with Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Activities from the Leaves of Embelia schimperi.
2020
AbstractA phytochemical study of the methanol extract of the leaves of Embelia schimperi resulted in the isolation of three new alkenylresorcinols, 1 – 3, together with the known analogs 4 – 7. Their structures were established by a combination of spectroscopic techniques. Compounds 1 – 7 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity against human cervical cancer cells HeLa-S3 and more pronounced antimicrobial properties towards bacteria and filamentous fungi. The present study falls into an ongoing research project on the characterization of bioactive phenolic lipids from plants of the family Primulaceae.
Application of the Morris method for screening the influential parameters of fuzzy controllers applied to wastewater treatment plants
2011
In this paper,we evaluate the application of a sensitivity analysis to help fine-tuning a fuzzy controller for a biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal (BNPR) plant. TheMorris Screeningmethod is proposed and evaluated as a prior step to obtain the parameter significance ranking. First, an iterative procedure has been performed in order to find out the proper repetition number of the elementary effects (r) of the method. The optimal repetition number found in this study (r = 60) is in direct contrast to previous applications of the Morris method, which usually use low repetition number, e.g. r = 10 ~ 20. Working with a non-proper repetition number (r) could lead to Type I error (identify…
Industrial Microreactor Process Development up to Production
2008
This chapter is about industrial applications of microprocess technology. Industry is not very active in publishing not only because of confidentiality reasons but also because of the absence of direct need for a corresponding profile. Thus, one cannot expect that the ongoing developments can be shown with a similar degree of completeness, clarity and detailedness, as this is possible for reviewing scientific contributions from academy with a wealth of peer-reviewed papers. Especially, the information of major interest of what has been transferred to production and how do the companies make profit with the new technology is usually kept secret. Thus, it has to be accepted that some informat…
Screening of physical–chemical methods for removal of organic material, nitrogen and toxicity from low strength landfill leachates
2002
Physical-chemical methods have been suggested for the treatment of low strength municipal landfill leachates. Therefore, applicability of nanofiltration and air stripping were screened in laboratory-scale for the removal of organic matter, ammonia, and toxicity from low strength leachates (NH4-N 74-220 mg/l, chemical oxygen demand (COD) 190-920 mg O2/l, EC50 = 2-17% for Raphidocelis subcapitata). Ozonation was studied as well, but with the emphasis on enhancing biodegradability of leachates. Nanofiltration (25 degrees C) removed 52-66% of COD and 27-50% of ammonia, the latter indicating that ammonia may in part have been present as ammonium salt complexes. Biological pretreatment enhanced t…
Monitoring WWTP performance using size-exclusion chromatography with simultaneous UV and fluorescence detection to track recalcitrant wastewater frac…
2018
Abstract A trial monitoring of a typical full-scale municipal WWTP in Central Finland was aimed to explore applicability of high performance liquid chromatography – size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) with simultaneous UV and fluorescence detection as a tool for advanced routine monitoring of wastewater treatment. High, intermediate, and low molecular weight (MW) fractions of untreated wastewater (influent) and treated wastewater (secondary effluent) were characterized in terms of UV absorbance at 254 nm (UVA254) and specific fluorescence representing tyrosine-like, tryptophan-like, and humic/fulvic-like compounds. The activated sludge treatment removed 97 ± 1% of BOD, 93 ± 2% of COD, 71 …
Polar organic marker compounds in PM2.5 aerosol from a mixed forest site in western Germany
2008
The molecular composition of PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter2.5 microm) aerosol samples collected during a very warm and dry 2003 summer period at a mixed forest site in Jülich, Germany, was determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in an effort to evaluate photooxidation products of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) and other markers for aerosol source characterization. Six major classes of compounds represented by twenty-four individual organic species were identified and measured, comprising tracers for biomass combustion, short-chain acids, fatty acids, sugars/sugar alcohols, and tracers for the photooxidation of isoprene and alpha-/beta-pinene.…
Transfer of hexazinone and glyphosate through undisturbed soil columns in soils under Christmas tree cultivation.
2004
Abstract Field studies monitoring pesticide pollution in the Morvan region (France) have revealed surface water contamination by some herbicides. The purpose of this study was to investigate in greater detail the transport of two herbicides, used in Christmas tree production in the Morvan, under controlled laboratory conditions. Thus, the leaching of hexazinone (3-cyclohexyl-6-dimethyl-amino-1-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4 (1H,3H) dione) and glyphosate ( N -(phosphono-methyl-glycine)) through structured soil columns was studied using one loamy sand and two sandy loams from sites currently under Christmas tree cultivation in the Morvan. The three soils were cultivated sandy brunisol [Sound refer…