Search results for "CHOI"
showing 10 items of 936 documents
A computer program suitable for analysis of choice of categories in biomedical data recognition problems.
1980
The optimum choice of categories in problems of medical data recognition is governed by the choice of categories, the selection of appropriate features, and by the choice of a loss function. Under these circumstances it is often difficult to find out the suitable classification scheme. The computer program described here serves for the design of the optimum recognition procedure. The Bayes rule is used as decision rule. A criterion for the comparison of different choice of categories is given. The program can be performed after estimation of the underlying prior probabilities and the conditional densities obtained from a training set, and before testing the decision rule with real data.
An Optimized Design of Choice Experiments: A New Approach for Studying Decision Behavior in Choice Task Experiments
2014
In this paper, we present a new approach for the optimal experimental design problem of generating diagnostic choice tasks, where the respondent's decision strategy can be unambiguously deduced from the observed choice. In this new approach, we applied a genetic algorithm that creates a one-to-one correspondence between a set of predefined decision strategies and the alternatives of the choice task; it also manipulates the characteristics of the choice tasks. In addition, this new approach takes into account the measurement errors that can occur when the preferences of the decision makers are being measured. The proposed genetic algorithm is capable of generating diagnostic choice tasks eve…
Comment favoriser des choix de goûters favorables à la santé au sein du binôme mère-enfant ? : effet d’une intervention « nutritionnelle » ou d’une i…
2020
In France, the midafternoon snack is a frequent habit among children usually characterized by the consumption of fatty, sweet and high-energy-dense foods. If eating behaviours remain flexible and can evolve throughout the life, they are already strongly established during childhood. In this context, improve food habits in terms of midafternoon snack seem important. The thesis aim was therefore to assess the effectiveness of levers aimed at promoting healthy snack choices within mother-child dyads. A first experiment was conducted in order to assess the impact of a nutritional labelling system, the Nutri-Score, on the nutritional quality and on the liking of the snacks chosen within mother-c…
Apport d'un formalisme psychologique à la modélisation des préférences individuelles. Application aux choix d'itinéraires pédestres
2007
With the increasing need for a sustainable mobility, pedestrian movement analysis lately increased. In an attempt to get a more detailed knowledge of urban pedestrian movement, we intend to model the pedestrian's route choices. Our first approach is based on simple economic models, the discrete choice models. A psychological theory is added in the process in order to improve the pedestrian behaviour simulation. Results show that psychological formalisms are useful for individual choices' modelling. For this reason they could be used more systematically in the framework of urban mobility
Secondaire-supérieur
2008
Même si le lien entre le niveau de diplôme obtenu et la qualité de l'insertion professionnelle n'est pas parfait, posséder un diplôme de l'enseignement supérieur est un atout majeur à l'entrée sur le marché du travail. Cependant, alors qu'une des spécificités françaises du système d'enseignement supérieur est son caractère relativement différencié, son accès reste relativement typé socialement selon les distinctions qualitatives qu'il permet. Ces distinctions qualitatives, dans un contexte où l'accès aux différents niveaux d'enseignement s'est démocratisé, ne sont pas sans incidence sur l'insertion. Afin de comprendre les différences d'accès à l'enseignement supérieur et à ses types de curs…
Comportement des bacheliers : modèle de choix de disciplines
1979
The paper tries to take into account the choices taken by the high school graduates at the time of their immatriculation in higher education. The purpose is not a statistical description, but an attempt to test theoretical hypothesis of the individual behaviour. The analytical framework is based on the trade-off carried out by every student between the economical attractiveness of the different fields of education and professional careers which are linked on one hand, and the personal probability of success in every field on the other hand. In a first section, success models are estimated in various disciplines to get estimations of the objective chances of success for every student in ever…
S'orienter et élaborer un projet au sein d'un système hiérarchisé, une injonctoin paradoxale ? L'exemple du choix de la série et de l'enseignement de…
1997
The French "lycée" (higher secondary school), pupils are faced with successive subjects choices, and with the choice of Baccalauréat's speciality. This paper investigates from empirical data how these choices are progressively generated, along time and under which academic and social mechanisms. Those academic subjects choices prove to be influenced less by educational factors than by the concern to optimize one's schooling career. As long as the different routes are perceived as a hierarchy, and if concern for distinction and utilitarism are prevailing, the relevance of the notion of project has to be questionned.
École : l'inégalité des parcours
1997
International audience; Depuis trente ans, l'accès aux études s'est généralisé : les deux tiers d'une classe d'âge sont bacheliers et accèdent aux études supérieures. Pourtant, les parcours scolaires traduisent encore fortement les différences sociales par le jeu des orientations, par le choix des options et par la valeur du diplôme obtenu.
"Climate Change and Moral Corruption"
2013
In “A Perfect Moral Storm”, S. Gardiner claims that "the peculiar features of the climate change problem pose substantial obstacles to our ability to make the hard choices necessary to address it. Climate change is a perfect moral storm. One consequence of this is that, even if difficult ethical questions could be answered, we might still find it difficult to act. For the storm makes us extremely vulnerable to moral corruption". Here I comment on the notion of moral corruption. In particular, I discuss the issues of who is susceptible to it and of what sort of problem moral corruption is.
Demonstration Tasks for Assessment
2017
International audience; Learning from animations is conventionally measured using static assessment tools such as multiple choice tests or extended answer questions. These tools tend to rely heavily on textual information both for presenting the assessment items and as the medium for learner response. However, such assessments are not well aligned with the defining dynamic, pictorial characteristics of animated learning materials. This chapter considers the potential of demonstration tasks to offer more appropriate assessments of learning from animation. In these tasks, learners interact with a manipulable model of the animation’s subject matter to provide an explanatory account of how it c…