Search results for "CHON"

showing 10 items of 1866 documents

MUSCLE BIOENERGETICS IN OBESE ZUCKER RATS

1994

International audience; Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the energetic metabolism in obese Zucker rats, using phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at rest and during a 2-Hz muscle stimulation and subsequent recovery. Animals were anesthetized with ketamine (150 mg/kg ip). Fed obese rats and 2-day-fasted obese rats were compared with their normally fed and 2-day-fasted lean litter mates. No differences were found between the two groups for ATP, total creatine, phosphocreatine (PCr), and intracellular pH. Starvation in lean rats resulted in a significant fall in inorganic phosphate (Pi), increased resting ADP level, and decreased PCr and ADP recovery after …

medicine.medical_specialtyMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyPhysiologyEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismIntracellular pHPHOSPHOCREATINE[INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingStimulation030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyBiologyPhosphatesPhosphocreatine03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundAdenosine Triphosphate0302 clinical medicineMITOCHONDRIAGENETIC OBESITYPhysiology (medical)Internal medicineMUSCLESmedicine[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingAnimalsNUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCEObesityAcidosis2. Zero hungerAnalysis of Variance[ INFO.INFO-IM ] Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingADENOSINE 5'-TRIPHOSPHATEADENOSINE 5'-DIPHOSPHATEMetabolismElectric StimulationRatsRats ZuckerAdenosine DiphosphateAdenosine diphosphateEndocrinologychemistryENERGETIC METABOLISMINTRACELLULAR PHFemalemedicine.symptomEnergy MetabolismAdenosine triphosphate030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMuscle ContractionMuscle contraction
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Perturbed Glucose Metabolism: Insights into Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis

2014

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex debilitating disease of the central nervous system perceived to result from the autoimmune effect of T cells in damaging myelin sheath. However, the exact pathogenesis of the disease remains elusive. Initial studies describing the possibility of defective pyruvate metabolism in MS were performed in 1950s. The group observed elevated blood pyruvate level in both fasting and postprandial times in MS patients with relapse. Similarly, other investigators also reported increased fasting pyruvate level in this disease. These reports hint to a possible abnormality of pyruvate metabolism in MS patients. In addition, increase in levels of Krebs cycle acids like a…

medicine.medical_specialtyMini ReviewCentral nervous systemDiseaseCarbohydrate metabolismBioinformaticsmultiple sclerosislcsh:RC346-429PathogenesisInternal medicinebrain glucose metabolismmedicineneurodegenerative diseaseslcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemmitochondrial defectsbusiness.industryMultiple sclerosisand neurodegenerative diseasesmedicine.diseasecell-specific mechanismsReview articleCitric acid cycleMetabolic pathwaymedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyNeurologyNeurology (clinical)businessNeuroscienceFrontiers in Neurology
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Mitochondrial dysfunction in cholestatic liver diseases

2011

et al.

medicine.medical_specialtyMitochondrial DNABiliary cirrhosisMitochondrial HepatopathyApoptosisReviewBiologyMitochondrionmedicine.disease_causeGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyLiver diseaseCholestasisInternal medicinemedicineHumansBiología y BiomedicinaCholestasisGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyLiver Diseasesmedicine.diseaseBile acidsCell biologyMitochondriaEndocrinologyMitochondrial biogenesisOxidative stressMitochondrial functionMitochondrial dysfunctionOxidative stressFrontiers in Bioscience (Elite edition) 4: 2233-2252 (2012)
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PGC-1α: a master gene that is hard to master

2012

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is a transcriptional coactivator that favorably affects mitochondrial function. This concept is supported by an increasing amount of data including studies in PGC-1α gene-deleted mice, suggesting that PGC-1α is a rescue factor capable of boosting cell metabolism and promoting cell survival. However, this view has now been called into question by a recent study showing that adeno-associated virus-mediated PGC-1α overexpression causes overt cell degeneration in dopaminergic neurons. How is this to be understood, and can these seemingly conflicting findings tell us something about the role of PGC-1α in cell stress and in cont…

medicine.medical_specialtyModels NeurologicalSettore BIO/11 - Biologia MolecolareRNA-binding proteinBiologyMitochondrionSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaMiceCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceHeat shock proteinInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsHomeostasisHumansReceptorMolecular BiologyTranscription factorHeat-Shock ProteinsMice KnockoutPharmacologyPGC-1α Mitochondria Dopaminergic neurons Transgenic animal Adenovirus Parkinson’s diseaseDopaminergic NeuronsDopaminergicRNA-Binding ProteinsParkinson DiseaseCell BiologyPeroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alphaMitochondriaEndocrinologyCell metabolismNerve DegenerationTrans-ActivatorsMolecular MedicineNeuroscienceHomeostasisTranscription FactorsCellular and Molecular Life Sciences
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Recent Insights Into Cyberchondria.

2020

Purpose of Review The construct of cyberchondria was introduced relatively recently. This article aims to review the conceptualization, theoretical basis and correlates of cyberchondria, as well as its prevention and management. Recent Findings Although there is no consensus, most definitions of cyberchondria emphasize online health research associated with heightened distress or anxiety. The two theoretical models of cyberchondria involve reassurance seeking and specific metacognitive beliefs. Cyberchondria has relationships with health anxiety, problematic Internet use and symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder, with public health implications pertaining to functional impairment and al…

medicine.medical_specialtyObsessive-Compulsive DisorderTheoretical modelsMetacognitionAnxiety Disorders (A Pelissolo Section Editor)AnxietyCyberchondriaReassurance seeking03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHealth anxietymedicineHumansPsychiatryInternetConceptualizationPublic healthUncertaintyCOVID-19Compulsivitymedicine.diseaseAnxiety DisordersProblematic Internet use030227 psychiatryHypochondriasisCoronavirusPsychiatry and Mental healthDistressAnxiety1103 Clinical Sciences 1109 Neurosciences 1701 PsychologyCyberchondriaOnline health researchmedicine.symptomPsychologyConstruct (philosophy)030217 neurology & neurosurgeryClinical psychologyCurrent psychiatry reports
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Distribution of type I and type II collagen gene expression during the development of human long bones

1990

The temporal and spatial gene expression of collagen type I and type II during the development of the human long bones was studied by the technique of in situ hybridization covering the period from the cartilagenous bone anlage to the formation of a regular growth plate in the newborn. Analysis of the early stages around the seventh week of gestation revealed for type II collagen a strong hybridization signal limited to the chondrogenic tissue. The surrounding connective tissue and the perichondrium showed weak type I collagen expression, while the zones of desmal ossification like the clavicle gave a strong signal. Beginning with the eighth week of gestation, type I collagen mRNA was detec…

medicine.medical_specialtyPathologyHistologyPhysiologyEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismType II collagenGene ExpressionConnective tissueBiologyBone and BonesInternal medicinemedicineHumansPerichondriumBone DevelopmentOssificationCartilageNucleic Acid HybridizationDNAHypertrophymedicine.diseaseCollagen type I alpha 1Cartilagemedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyCollagenmedicine.symptomDNA ProbesType I collagenCalcificationBone
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Soft tissue myoepithelial carcinoma with rhabdoid-like features andEWSR1rearrangement: Fine needle aspiration cytology with histologic correlation

2015

A new case of soft tissue myoepithelial carcinoma (MEC) with rhabdoid-like differentiation is presented including cytologic, histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular biologic features. A 45-year-old woman was admitted to the Hospital with nodular mass involving the lower part of the abdominal wall. Fine-needle aspiration cytology showed a round cell tumor with abundant cytoplasm in the myxoid background. The nuclei were uniform, round to ovoid, with finely distributed chromatin, nucleoli, and pale, vacuolated, or eosinophilic cytoplasm with rhabdoid-like appearance resembling a soft tissue malignant rhabdoid tumor. The surgically removed tumor was poorly demarcated, yellow, soft,…

medicine.medical_specialtyPathologyHistologybiologymedicine.diagnostic_testEpithelioid sarcomaCD99Soft tissueVimentinGeneral MedicineExtraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcomamedicine.diseasePathology and Forensic MedicineMalignant Myoepitheliomabiology.proteinmedicineHistopathologyFluorescence in situ hybridizationDiagnostic Cytopathology
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Establishment and Characterization of a Continuous Human Chondrosarcoma Cell Line, ch-2879: Comparative Histologic and Genetic Studies with Its Tumor…

2003

Chondrosarcomas are malignant cartilage-forming tumors that represent the second most common malignant solid tumor of bone. These biologically poorly understood neoplasms vary considerably in clinical presentation and biologic behavior. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are generally ineffective. Here we describe the establishment and characterization of a new human chondrosarcoma cell line named ch-2879, and we compare the cell line with its tumor of origin. The cell line was established from a recurrent grade 3 chondrosarcoma of the chest wall and characterized by growth kinetics and morphologic studies. Immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR were performed to examine the expression of cartilage…

medicine.medical_specialtyPathologyPopulationCell Culture TechniquesChondrosarcomaBone NeoplasmsChromosomal translocationVimentinPathology and Forensic MedicineCyclin D1Tumor Cells CulturedmedicineHumanseducationMolecular BiologyMetaphaseChromosome Aberrationseducation.field_of_studymedicine.diagnostic_testbiologyCytogeneticsKaryotypeCell BiologyFlow Cytometrymedicine.diseaseMicroscopy ElectronKaryotypingbiology.proteinCancer researchChondrosarcomaFluorescence in situ hybridizationLaboratory Investigation
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Clinical and ultrastructural findings in three patients with geleophysic dysplasia

1996

Geleophysic dysplasia, a rare disorder with autosomal-recessive inheritance, is characterized by short stature with a “happy-looking” facial appearance. Nonskeletal findings, particularly in an advanced stage, include hepatosplenomegaly and valvular cardiopathy. Based on the clinical picture and the detection of lysosome-like inclusions in hepatocytes, the underlying cause of the condition is considered to be a storage defect in the metabolism of glycoproteins. The clinical course, with progressive worsening of the condition favors this hypothesis. We report on 3 further cases, in which light and electron microscopic studies of iliac crest biopsies and cultured skin fibroblasts provided add…

medicine.medical_specialtyPathologybusiness.industryCartilageHepatosplenomegalyAnatomymedicine.diseaseShort statureOsteochondrodysplasiaChondrocytemedicine.anatomical_structureDysplasiaLysosomal storage diseasemedicineHistopathologymedicine.symptombusinessGenetics (clinical)American Journal of Medical Genetics
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Teratoma with a malignant somatic component in pediatric patients: The Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica (AIEOP) experience

2010

Background Teratoma with a malignant somatic component (TMSC) is rare but described in adults, whereas information on pediatric presentation is sparse. Procedure The Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica identified 14 cases of TMSC. Clinical files and pathology specimens were reviewed. Results The series (9 female, 5 male) showed the following disease: testis (2), sacrococcygeal (3), ovary (3), retroperitoneum (3), mediastinum (2), and foot soft tissue (1). Distribution of the somatic component was: carcinoma (4), pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (1), neuroblastoma (3), rhabdomyosarcoma (3), rhabdomyosarcoma plus liposarcoma, chondrosarcoma, neurogenic sarcoma (1), chondrosar…

medicine.medical_specialtyPathologybusiness.industryMalignant peripheral nerve sheath tumorHematologyLiposarcomamedicine.diseaseOncologyPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthmedicineCarcinomaRadiologyGerm cell tumorsTeratomaSarcomaChondrosarcomaRhabdomyosarcomabusinessPediatric Blood & Cancer
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