Search results for "CRYSTALS"

showing 10 items of 350 documents

Polysaccharide nanocrystals as fillers for PLA based nanocomposites

2016

The development of green nanocomposites based on biopolymers and bio-based nanofillers has attracted over the recent years the attention of academic and industrial research. Indeed, these nanocomposites could replace some oil-derived polymers and thus helping to overcome environmental problems. In this regard, PLA as matrix and polysaccharide nanocrystals as fillers are the most promising components to obtain high-performance green bio-nanocomposites suitable for different applications, particularly for packaging and biomedical applications. Indeed, at present, due to its processability, mechanical and biological properties, as well as its commercial availability, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) po…

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs)Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsStarchNanotechnologyChitin nanocrystals (ChNCs)02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPolysaccharide01 natural sciencesPoly(lactic acid) (PLA)chemistry.chemical_compoundChitinCellulosePolysaccharide nanocrystalchemistry.chemical_classificationNanocompositeNanocompositePolymerBiodegradation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyStarch nanocrystals (SNCs)0104 chemical sciencesSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiNanocrystalchemistry0210 nano-technology
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Nature-Inspired Effects of Naturally Occurring Trace Element-Doped Hydroxyapatite Combined with Surface Interactions of Mineral-Apatite Single Crysta…

2022

Innovative engineering design for biologically active hydroxyapatites requires enhancing both mechanical and physical properties, along with biocompatibility, by doping with appropriate chemical elements. Herein, the purpose of this investigation was to evaluate and elucidate the model of naturally occurring hydroxyapatite and the effects of doped trace elements on the function of normal human fibroblasts, representing the main cells of connective tissues. The substrates applied (geological apatites with hexagonal prismatic crystal habit originated from Slyudyanka, Lake Baikal, Russia (GAp) and from Imilchil, The Atlas Mountains, Morocco (YAp)) were prepared from mineral natural apatite wit…

Chemical Phenomenahydroxyapatite; mineral apatite single crystals; FTIR; SEM-EDXS; X-ray diffraction; fibroblast cell culture; cell–surface interactionsQH301-705.5Cell SurvivalBiocompatible MaterialsCatalysisArticleInorganic Chemistryfibroblast cell cultureApatitesHumansBiology (General)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryQD1-999Molecular BiologySpectroscopyCell ProliferationMineralsSpectrum AnalysisOrganic Chemistryhydroxyapatitecell–surface interactionsGeneral MedicineFibroblastsComputer Science ApplicationsX-ray diffractionTrace ElementsChemistryDurapatiteFTIRSEM-EDXSmineral apatite single crystalsInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Determination of hexacelsian by infrared spectroscopy.

1984

Hexacelsian has been determined by infrared spectroscopy with KBr discs and K(4)Fe(CN)(6) as internal standard. A KBr particle size of40 mum gave better homogenization of the sample-KBr mixture than a particle size in the 40-70 mum range. For determinations of hexacelsian in synthetic samples containing amorphous phase or celsian, calibration curves were constructed. A least-squares fit yielded correlation coefficients of 0.998 and 0.997.

ChemistryAnalytical chemistryInfrared spectroscopyHexagonal crystalsParticle sizeAnalytical ChemistryTalanta
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Alkyloxy modified pyrene fluorophores with tunable photophysical and crystalline properties

2019

Novel alkyloxy modified 2,7-di-tert-butyl-4,5,9,10-tetra(arylethynyl)pyrenes were prepared through a straightforward Sonogashira coupling approach. Optical properties such as quantum yields and absorption/emission spectra of the fluorophores were investigated by UV/Vis and fluorescence measurements. Aggregation induced excimer formation of the chromophores in polar solvents and in the solid state was proved by the presence of a characteristic bathochromically shifted emission band and a decrease of the emission capability. These results strongly indicate the unexpected observation that the excimer formation of adjacent pyrene rings is not prevented by the introduction of bulky tert-butyl su…

ChemistryChemieSonogashira coupling02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryChromophore010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPhotochemistryExcimer01 natural sciencesFluorescenceCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesLiquid crystals Luminophore pyrene crystal packingchemistry.chemical_compoundMaterials ChemistryMoleculePyreneEmission spectrumSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieAbsorption (chemistry)0210 nano-technology
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Naturally occurring polyphenols as building blocks for supramolecular liquid crystals – substitution pattern dominates mesomorphism

2021

A modular supramolecular approach towards hydrogen-bonded liquid crystalline assemblies based on naturally occurring polyphenols is reported. The combination of experimental observations, crystallographic studies and semi-empirical analyses of the assemblies provides insight into the structure–property relationships of these materials. Here a direct correlation of the number of donor OH-groups as well as their orientation with the mesomorphic behavior is reported. We discovered that the number and orientation of the OH-groups have a stronger influence on the mesomorphic behavior of the supramolecular assemblies than the connectivity (e.g. stilbenoid or chalconoid) of the hydrogen bond donor…

ChemistryHydrogen bondLiquid crystallineProcess Chemistry and TechnologyChemieBiomedical EngineeringSupramolecular chemistryEnergy Engineering and Power Technology02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographyChemistry (miscellaneous)Liquid crystalSupramolecular Chemistry Liquid Crystals Crystal Engineering Hydrogen BondingMaterials ChemistryChemical Engineering (miscellaneous)Settore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle Tecnologie0210 nano-technologyMolecular Systems Design & Engineering
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Atomic structure solution of the complex quasicrystal approximant Al77Rh15Ru8 from electron diffraction data

2014

The crystal structure of the novel Al77Rh15Ru8phase (which is an approximant of decagonal quasicrystals) was determined using modern direct methods (MDM) applied to automated electron diffraction tomography (ADT) data. The Al77Rh15Ru8E-phase is orthorhombic [Pbma,a= 23.40 (5),b= 16.20 (4) andc= 20.00 (5) Å] and has one of the most complicated intermetallic structures solved solely by electron diffraction methods. Its structural model consists of 78 unique atomic positions in the unit cell (19 Rh/Ru and 59 Al). Precession electron diffraction (PED) patterns and high-resolution electron microscopy (HRTEM) images were used for the validation of the proposed atomic model. The structure of the E…

ChemistryMetals and AlloysQuasicrystalCrystal structureelectron diffraction tomography; icosahedral and decagonal quasicrystals; modern direct methodsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographyElectron diffractionmodern direct methodsMaterials ChemistryAtomic modelicosahedral and decagonal quasicrystalsPrecession electron diffractionOrthorhombic crystal systemelectron diffraction tomographyHigh-resolution transmission electron microscopyElectron backscatter diffraction
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Solvent induced single-crystal to single-crystal structural transformation and concomitant transmetalation in a 3D cationic Zn(II)-framework.

2015

A 3D cationic Zn(II) framework, based on Zn2(CO2)4 paddle-wheel secondary building units (SBUs) and Zn16(CO2)32 polyhedral supramolecular building blocks (SBBs), has been synthesized. At room temperature, the framework undergoes guest solvent triggered reversible structural transformation and concomitant Zn(II) to Cu(II) transmetalation in a single-crystal to single-crystal fashion.

Chemistryconcomitant transmetalationMetals and AlloysCationic polymerizationSupramolecular chemistryGeneral Chemistrystructural transformationPhotochemistrysingle crystalsCatalysisStructural transformationSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSolventTransmetalationPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesSBusSingle crystalta116Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)
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Confinement effects on the interactions of native DNA with Cu(II)-5-triethyl ammonium methyl salicylidene orto-phenylendiiminate in C12E4 liquid crys…

2008

Confinement effects of native calf thymus DNA interacting with the complex Cu(ii)-5-(triethylammoniummethyl)salicylidene ortho-phenylendiiminate (CuL(2+)) perchlorate in tetraethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C(12)E(4)) liquid crystals have been investigated by UV absorption spectrophotometry, circular dichroism (CD) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The results indicate the occurrence of dramatic structural changes of both the DNA and the CuL(2+)-DNA system, when going from aqueous solution to C(12)E(4) liquid crystals, due to confinement constrains imposed by the closed structure of C(12)E(4) reverse micelles. Further marked departures from the behaviour observed in aqueous soluti…

Circular dichroismIntracellular SpaceMicelleAbsorptionPolyethylene GlycolsInorganic ChemistryPerchloratechemistry.chemical_compoundX-Ray DiffractionLiquid crystalScattering Small AngleOrganometallic CompoundsAnimalsSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica FisicaAqueous solutionSmall-angle X-ray scatteringCircular DichroismWaterDNALiquid CrystalsCrystallographychemistrySettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaX-ray crystallographyCattleSpectrophotometry UltravioletAbsorption (chemistry)DNA intercalation reverse micelles
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Formation of a novel ferromagnetic end-to-end cyanate bridged homochiral helical copper(ii) Schiff base complex via spontaneous symmetry breaking

2014

A homochiral helical coordination polymer of copper(II) has been synthesized using achiral precursors via spontaneous symmetry breaking and has been confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction and solid-state CD spectroscopy. The variable temperature magnetic measurements indicate the presence of weak ferromagnetic exchange interactions mediated by end-to-end cyanate bridges (J = +0.12 cm(-1)).

Circular dichroismSchiff baseStereochemistryChemistryCoordination polymerSpontaneous symmetry breakingchemistry.chemical_elementcircular dichroism spectroscopyCyanateferromagnetismsingle crystalsCopperX-ray diffractionInorganic ChemistryCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundfunctional groupsFerromagnetismcopperferromagnetic materialsta116Single crystalDalton Transactions
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Influence of heterogeneous freezing on the microphysical and radiative properties of orographic cirrus clouds

2013

The influence of heterogeneous freezing on the microphysical and optical properties of orographic cirrus clouds has been simulated with the large eddy simulation model EULAG. Idealised simulations with different concentrations of ice nuclei (IN) in a dynamically dominated regime with high vertical velocities have been performed. Furthermore the temperature at cloud formation as well as the critical supersaturation for initiation of heterogenous freezing have been varied. The shortwave, longwave and net cloud forcing has been calculated under the assumption that the clouds form between 06:00 and 12:00 local time (LT) or between 12:00 and 18:00 LT. In general it can be seen that the onset of …

Cloud forcingAtmospheric ScienceIce crystalsRadiative forcingAtmospheric scienceslcsh:QC1-999lcsh:Chemistrylcsh:QD1-999Liquid water contentClimatologyIce nucleusEnvironmental scienceCirrusOptical depthPhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physicslcsh:PhysicsOrographic lift
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