Search results for "Calculation"

showing 10 items of 594 documents

Improved calculations of beta decay backgrounds to new physics in liquid xenon detectors

2020

We present high-precision theoretical predictions for the electron energy spectra for the ground-state to ground-state $\beta$ decays of $^{214}$Pb, $^{212}$Pb, and $^{85}$Kr most relevant to the background of liquid xenon dark matter detectors. The effects of nuclear structure on the spectral shapes are taken into account using large-scale shell model calculations. Final spectra also include atomic screening and exchange effects. The impact of nuclear structure effects on the $^{214}$Pb and $^{212}$Pb spectra below $\approx100$ keV, pertinent for several searches for new physics, are found to be comparatively larger than those from the atomic effects alone. We find that the full calculatio…

electronElectron01 natural sciencesSpectral lineHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentspectrumHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Xenon[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]beta-raysground stateNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear Experimentnuclear instrumentationPhysicsinstrumentationxenon: liquidnew physics: search forNuclear structureaxial-vectorsemileptonic decayCoupling (probability)simulation3. Good healthradioactivityGround stateionizing radiationSemileptonic decay[PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th]energy spectrumFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementspectrum analysis[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Nuclear physics0103 physical sciencesstructure[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsnumerical calculationssignal processingPseudovectorkryptonnucleus: semileptonic decayleaddetector010308 nuclear & particles physicsbackgroundscreeningDecay data measurementshell modelnuclear matter: effectdark matter: detector[INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulationcoupling: axial-vectorxenonmetrologychemistry13. Climate actionspectralelectron: energy spectrum
researchProduct

Edge-stress -induced spontaneous twisting of graphene nanoribbons

2012

We present a continuum model for spontaneous twisting of graphene nanoribbons driven by compressive edge stresses. Based on a geometrically nonlinear theory of plates, we identify scaling laws for the dependence of twist angles on ribbon width. Strikingly, we find the existence of a critical width below which a ribbon will not undergo spontaneous twisting, preferring an in-plane stretching mode instead. The model predictions are shown to be in excellent qualitative and quantitative agreement with density-functional tight-binding simulations. More generally, our model provides a unifying picture of twisting in graphene nanoribbons with different edge orientations and chemical functionalizati…

electronic structure calculationsgrafeeninanoribbons
researchProduct

Structure of superheavy nuclei along decay chains of element 115

2014

[Introduction] A recent high-resolution α , X -ray, and γ -ray coincidence-spectroscopy experiment offered the first glimpse of excitation schemes of isotopes along α -decay chains of Z = 115. To understand these observations and to make predictions about shell structure of superheavy nuclei below 288 115, we employ two complementary mean-field models: the self-consistent Skyrme energy density functional approach and the macroscopic-microscopic Nilsson model. We discuss the spectroscopic information carried by the new data. In particular, candidates for the experimentally observed E 1 transitions in 276 Mt are proposed. We find that the presence and nature of low-energy E 1 transitions in w…

element 115PhysicsCouplingNuclear and High Energy Physicsta114IsotopeNuclear TheoryStructure (category theory)Nuclear structureNuclear physicssuperheavy elementsfission-barriersnuclear structuredensity functional calculationsPhysical SciencesSubatomic Physicsheaviest nucleiAlpha decayDecay chainElement (category theory)Nilsson-Strutinsky calculationsquasi-particle statesExcitationPhysical Review C
researchProduct

Embedded-atom calculations of Auger and x-ray photoemission shifts for metallic elements

1982

Change in self-consistent-field energy density-functional calculations are reported for Auger and core-level binding-energy shifts in sp-bonded metals. The basic model, atom in jellium vacancy, gives good agreement with experiment, especially in the Auger case. The chemical and relaxation contributions to the shifts are discussed, and the extra-atomic response is analyzed in detail, both in position and energy space. The adequacy of the "excited-atom" approach to the energy shifts is discussed. Peer reviewed

embedded-atom calculationsX ray photoemissionMaterials sciencePhysicsInverse photoemission spectroscopyAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopyAugerMetalvisual_artAtomPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clustersvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicssp-bonded metalsPhysical Review B
researchProduct

Recent developments and applications of the chiral Brønsted acid catalyzed allylboration of carbonyl compounds

2018

The 50-year-old allylboration reaction has seen dramatic developments since the dawn of the new century after the first catalytic asymmetric versions came into play. In the past decade alone, several methodologies capable of achieving the desired homoallylic alcohols in over 90% ee have been developed. This review focuses on the chiral Brønsted acid catalyzed allylboration reaction, covering everything from the very first examples and precedents to modern day variations and applications.1 Introduction2 Early Developments3 Synthetic Applications4 Variants5 Computational Contribution6 Conclusions

enantioselective catalysis010405 organic chemistryChemistryOrganic Chemistryasymmetric synthesisEnantioselective synthesis010402 general chemistryDFT calculations01 natural sciencesCombinatorial chemistryCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesCatalysishomoallylic alcoholsallylborationchiral Brønsted acidsBrønsted–Lowry acid–base theoryenantioselective catalysis­chiral BrOnsted acids
researchProduct

A Tunable, Fullerene‐Based Molecular Amplifier for Vibrational Circular Dichroism

2019

Abstract Vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) studies are reported on a chiral compound in which a fullerene C60 moiety is used as an electron acceptor and local VCD amplifier for an alanine‐based peptide chain. Four redox states are investigated in this study, of which three are reduced species that possess low‐lying electronic states as confirmed by UV/Vis spectroelectrochemistry. VCD measurements in combination with (TD)DFT calculations are used to investigate (i) how the low‐lying electronic states of the reduced species modulate the amplification of VCD signals, (ii) how this amplification depends on the distance between oscillator and amplifier, and (iii) how the spatial extent of the…

endocrine systemFullerenechirality010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesRedoxCatalysisAnalytical ChemistryElectronic statesMoietychemistry.chemical_classificationFull Paper010405 organic chemistryAmplifierOrganic ChemistryfullerenesspectroelectrochemistryGeneral ChemistryFull PapersElectron acceptorvibrational circular dichroism0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemistrydensity functional calculationsVibrational circular dichroismChirality (chemistry)Chemistry – A European Journal
researchProduct

The Large Hadron–Electron Collider at the HL-LHC

2021

The Large Hadron-Electron Collider (LHeC) is designed to move the field of deep inelastic scattering (DIS) to the energy and intensity frontier of particle physics. Exploiting energy-recovery technology, it collides a novel, intense electron beam with a proton or ion beam from the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). The accelerator and interaction region are designed for concurrent electron-proton and proton-proton operations. This report represents an update to the LHeC's conceptual design report (CDR), published in 2012. It comprises new results on the parton structure of the proton and heavier nuclei, QCD dynamics, and electroweak and top-quark physics. It is shown how the LH…

energy recoverylepton nucleus: scatteringparton: distribution functionhiukkasfysiikka7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesaccelerator physicsHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)HEAVY FLAVOR CONTRIBUTIONSenergy-recovery- linacNuclear Experimentcolliding beams [electron p]deep-inelastic scatteringtop and electroweak physicsnew physicsPhysicsSTRUCTURE-FUNCTION RATIOSMonte Carlo [numerical calculations]buildingsprimary [vertex]High Energy Physics - Phenomenologyelectron p: colliding beamskinematicsNuclear Physics - Theoryfinal state: hadronicp: distribution functionbeyond Standard Modelvertex: primarynumerical calculations: Monte Carlodistribution function [parton]High-lumiLHCSTRUCTURE-FUNCTION F-2(X[PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th]ion: beam[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]114 Physical sciencesNuclear Theory (nucl-th)deep inelastic scatteringquantum chromodynamicsddc:530010306 general physicsdeep-inelastic scattering; high-lumi LHC; QCD; Higgs; top and electroweak physics; nuclear physics; beyond standard Model; energy-recovery- linac; accelerator physics010308 nuclear & particles physicshigh-lumi LHCresolutionscattering [electron p]structure function [nucleus]sensitivitybeam [electron]energy-recovery-linacHiggsacceptanceNuclear TheoryHIGH-ENERGY FACTORIZATIONdistribution function [p]density [parton]Higgs; High-lumi LHCHigh Energy Physics - Experimentdesign [detector]High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)electron: linear acceleratorelectron hadron: scatteringCERN LHC Coll: upgrade[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]scattering [electron hadron]FCCelectron: beamNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)linear accelerator [electron]Nuclear ExperimentlatticesuperconductivityEnergy-recoverylinacBeyond Standard ModeNuclear physics; QCDelectron nucleus: colliding beamsparton: densitycolliding beams [electron nucleus]Particle Physics - ExperimentNUCLEON STRUCTURE FUNCTIONSNuclear and High Energy Physicsscattering [lepton nucleus]beam [ion]FOS: Physical sciencesnucleus: structure functionhadronic [final state]electron p: scatteringTRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM DEPENDENCEnuclear physics0103 physical sciencesNuclear Physics - Experimentstructureupgrade [CERN LHC Coll]detector: designParticle Physics - PhenomenologyDEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERINGelectroweak interaction3-LOOP SPLITTING FUNCTIONSCLASSICAL RADIATION ZEROScalibrationAccelerators and Storage RingsQCDmagnethigh [current]13. Climate action[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]LHeCPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsJET CROSS-SECTIONSHigh Energy Physics::Experimentcurrent: highJournal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
researchProduct

The Born–Oppenheimer equilibrium bond distance of GeO from millimetre- and submillimetre-wave spectra and quantum-chemical calculations

2014

The millimetre- and submillimetre-wave spectra of the five common isotopologues of (GeO)-O-16 in their electronic and vibrational ground state have been recorded in the spectral region 115-732GHz; for (GeO)-Ge-74-O-16, the rotational spectrum in the v = 1 state has been detected as well. Exploiting the high precision of the measurements, the Born-Oppenheimer breakdown parameter Delta(Ge)(01) could be determined from a Dunham analysis of the spectral data, whereas Delta(O)(01) was obtained from quantum-chemical calculations, because of the lack of high-precision measurements for the (GeO)-O-18 isotopologues. From the rotational equilibrium constant, the Born-Oppenheimer equilibrium distance …

equilibrium bond distanceBorn-Oppenheimer breakdownrotational spectrumChemistryBiophysicsBorn–Oppenheimer approximationCondensed Matter PhysicsSpectral linequantum-chemical calculationBond lengthsymbols.namesakeRotational spectrumsymbolsMillimeterIsotopologuePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsGround stateMolecular BiologyAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsEquilibrium constant
researchProduct

Rotational spectrum of silyl chloride: hyperfine structure and equilibrium geometry

2012

The Lamb-dip technique was employed to record the rotational spectra of two isotopic species of silyl chloride, namely (28)SiH3Cl and (29)SiH3Cl, in order to investigate their hyperfine structure. High-accuracy quantum-chemical computations were employed to predict the hyperfine parameters involved and to support the experimental investigation. Analysis of the experimental spectra led to an improvement in the accuracy of the known spectroscopic constants as well as allowed us to determine additional spectroscopic parameters for the first time. Furthermore, the equilibrium structure of silyl chloride was reinvestigated using both theoretical and experimental data. The best theoretical and se…

equilibrium structureSilylationChemistryBiophysicsquantum-chemical calculationsCondensed Matter PhysicsEquilibrium geometryChlorideSpectral linehyperfine parameterComputational chemistryRotational spectrummedicinePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsMolecular BiologyHyperfine structuresilyl chloridemedicine.drugLamb-dip technique
researchProduct

First measurement of proton's charge form factor at very low $Q^2$ with initial state radiation

2017

We report on a new experimental method based on initial-state radiation (ISR) in e-p scattering, in which the radiative tail of the elastic e-p peak contains information on the proton charge form factor ($G_E^p$) at extremely small $Q^2$. The ISR technique was validated in a dedicated experiment using the spectrometers of the A1-Collaboration at the Mainz Microtron (MAMI). This provided first measurements of $G_E^p$ for $0.001\leq Q^2\leq 0.004 (GeV/c)^2$.

experimental methodsProtonelastic scattering01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentLamb shiftHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Initial state radiation ; Proton ; Form factor ; Radiative correctionsRadiative transfer[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex][ PHYS.NEXP ] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentMicrotronElastic scatteringPhysicsForm factor (quantum field theory)beam: currentRadiative correctionslcsh:QC1-9993. Good healthPRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika.ProtonNuclear and High Energy PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesBethe-Heitler25.30.BfRadiation[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Nuclear physicselectron p: scatteringMainz Linac[ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]12.20.-m0103 physical sciencesradiation: initial-state interaction010306 general physicsnumerical calculationsform factor: charge41.60.-m010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringp: chargeNATURAL SCIENCES. Physics.microtronForm factorLamb shiftspectrometerInitial state radiationlcsh:Physicsexperimental results
researchProduct