Search results for "Carbohydrate"

showing 10 items of 882 documents

Citrus flavonoids: Molecular structure, biological activity and nutritional properties: A review

2007

Abstract Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse relationship between dietary flavonoid intakes and cardiovascular diseases. Citrus fruits are the main winter fruits consumed in the Mediterranean diet, so they are the main source of dietary flavonoids. The possible beneficial effects are due, not only to the high amounts of vitamins and minerals, but also to the antioxidant properties of their flavonoids. Dietary flavonoids may help to supplement the body antioxidant defences against free radicals. These compounds’ possible beneficial effects are due to their antioxidant activity, which is related to the development of atherosclerosis and cancer, and to anti-inflammatory and antimicro…

AntioxidantMediterranean dietmedicine.medical_treatmentFlavonoidBiologyAnalytical Chemistrymedicineheterocyclic compoundsFood scienceBeneficial effectsCancerchemistry.chemical_classificationfungifood and beveragesBiological activityGeneral MedicineAntimicrobialcarbohydrates (lipids)BiochemistrychemistryPolyphenolAtherosclerosiFlavonoidAntioxidantCitrus fruitFood ScienceCitrus fruitFood Chemistry
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Almond (Prunus dulcis cv. Casteltermini) Skin Confectionery By-Products: New Opportunity for the Development of a Functional Blackberry (Rubus ulmifo…

2021

This work proposes for the first time a model for reusing almond (Prunus dulcis cv. Casteltermini from Sicily, Southern Italy) skin to formulate a new functional blackberry (Rubus ulmifolius Schott) jam. For this purpose, blackberries were analysed fresh and as jam, traditionally prepared with a minimum fruit amount of 80%. Different percentages of almond skin (20, 15, and 10% w/w) were added to jam. The phytochemical profile of enriched jam was investigated by LC-ESI/LTQOrbitrap/MS analyses. Anthocyanins, hydrolysable tannins, and triterpenoids were identified in a blackberry extract, while proanthocyanidins, flavonoids, and oxylipins were identified in an almond extract. The n-hexane extr…

AntioxidantPhysiologyDPPHmedicine.medical_treatmentClinical BiochemistryRM1-950carbohydrate hydrolysing enzymesPrunus dulcis cv. Casteltermini skin01 natural sciencesBiochemistrySensory analysisArticlechemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologylipasemedicineGC–MS<i>Prunus dulcis</i> cv. Casteltermini skinFood scienceBy-products; Carbohydrate hydrolysing enzymes; GC–MS; LC-ESI/LTQOrbitrap/ MS; Lipase; Prunus dulcis cv. Casteltermini skin; Rubus ulmifolius<i>Rubus ulmifolius</i>by-productsMolecular BiologyLC-ESI/LTQOrbitrap/MSABTSRubus ulmifoliusbiologyChemistryBy-products Carbohydrate hydrolysing enzymes GC–MS LC-ESI/LTQOrbitrap/ MS Lipase Prunus dulcis cv. Casteltermini skin Rubus ulmifoliusfungi010401 analytical chemistryfood and beveragesSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organica04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesCell Biologybiology.organism_classification040401 food sciencehumanities0104 chemical sciencesSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreePrunus dulcisProanthocyanidinPhytochemicalLC-ESI/LTQOrbitrap/ MSTherapeutics. PharmacologyRubus ulmifoliusAntioxidants
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Preparation of Anti-protein and Anti-mannan Antisera against Fungal Cell Wall by Affinity Chromatography

1994

Abstract Iranzo, M., Marcilla, A., Elorza, M. V., Mormeneo, S., and Sentandreu, R. 1994. Preparation of anti-protein and anti-mannan antisera against fungal cell wall by affinity chromatography. Experimental Mycology 18, 159-167. A novel and easy chromatographic method has been developed for the isolation of anti-protein and anti-mannan antisera from a population of polyclonal antibodies obtained against Candida albicans and Yarrowia lipolytica cell wall mannoproteins. The technique is based on the immobilization of mannan (to be used as immunoadsorbent) by Affi-Prep H z resin after the oxidation of neighboring hydroxyl groups of the polysaccharide with sodium periodate. For Y. lipolytica p…

Antiserumeducation.field_of_studymedicine.diagnostic_testPopulationYarrowiaBiologyImmunofluorescencebiology.organism_classificationApplied Microbiology and Biotechnologycarbohydrates (lipids)Affinity chromatographyBiochemistryPolyclonal antibodiesmedicinebiology.proteinCandida albicanseducationMannanExperimental Mycology
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Synthesis, chemical characterization and preliminary in vitro antitumor activity evaluation of new ruthenium(II) complexes with sugar derivatives

2011

Abstract Three new complexes of Ru(II), namely [RuCl 2 (Glun-N,O) 2 ]Na 2 ( I ; Glun = glucosaminate), [RuCl 2 (1-Tglu)(EtOH) 2 ]Na ( II ; 1-Tglu = 1-thio-β- d -glucose) and [Ru 2 (EtOH) 6 (AL)Cl 4 ] ( III ; AL = 6′-aminolactose) were prepared from the same Ru(II) precursor, [RuCl 2 (DMSO) 4 ] (DMSO = dimethyl sulfoxide). The characterization of the complexes was carried out by elemental analysis, FT-IR, ES-MS, NMR, EXAFS and DFT calculations. The effectiveness of the complexes on metastatic melanoma A 375 was investigated. The results show that complex II is the most active species.

Antitumor activityCarbohydrates Anti-cancer Melanoma A375Extended X-ray absorption fine structureMetastatic melanomaStereochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementSulfoxideMedicinal chemistryIn vitroRutheniumInorganic ChemistrySugar derivativeschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryElemental analysisMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry
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Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from Ephedra alata Stems: Structural Characterization, Functional Properties, and Antioxidant Activity

2020

In this study, the physicochemical characterization, functional properties, and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides extracted from Ephedra alata (EAP) were investigated. EAP were extracted in water during 3 h with a liquid/solid ratio of 5 in a water bath at 90 &deg

ArabinoseAntioxidant[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnologymedicine.medical_treatment[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]EphedraPharmaceutical Science02 engineering and technologyUronic acidAntioxidantsAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundphysicochemical characterizationDrug DiscoveryCarbohydrate ConformationSolubilitychemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesbiology<i>Ephedra alata</i>Plant StemsChemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyChemistry (miscellaneous)Molecular Medicine0210 nano-technologyEphedra alatafood.ingredienteducationEphedra alataPolysaccharideArticlelcsh:QD241-44103 medical and health sciencesfoodlcsh:Organic chemistryPolysaccharidesantioxidant activitiesmedicine[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAntihypertensive Agents030304 developmental biologyfunctional propertiesChromatographyFood additiveOrganic Chemistrybiology.organism_classificationSolubilityGluconic acid[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionMolecules
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Crowdsourced analysis of fungal growth and branching on microfluidic platforms

2021

Fungal hyphal growth and branching are essential traits that allow fungi to spread and proliferate in many environments. This sustained growth is essential for a myriad of applications in health, agriculture, and industry. However, comparisons between different fungi are difficult in the absence of standardized metrics. Here, we used a microfluidic device featuring four different maze patterns to compare the growth velocity and branching frequency of fourteen filamentous fungi. These measurements result from the collective work of several labs in the form of a competition named the “Fungus Olympics.” The competing fungi included five ascomycete species (ten strains total), two basidiomycete…

Aspergillus NidulansHyphal growthMicrofluidicsYeast and Fungal ModelsmikrofluidistiikkaPathology and Laboratory MedicineBranching (linguistics)Microbial PhysiologyMedicine and Health SciencesBiological Phenomenamedia_commonFungal Pathogensmicrofluidic platformsMultidisciplinaryOrganic CompoundsQMonosaccharidesRMicrobial Growth and DevelopmentEukaryotaMicrofluidic Analytical TechniquesChemistryAspergillusAspergillus FumigatusExperimental Organism SystemsFungal MoldsMedical MicrobiologyPhysical SciencesMedicineEngineering and TechnologyCrowdsourcingcrowdsourcingFluidicsPathogenssienetBiological systemResearch ArticlesienirihmastotFungal GrowthFungal growthGeneral Science & TechnologySciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectCarbohydratesHyphaeMycologyBiologyResearch and Analysis Methodsfungal growthkasvuMicrobiologyCompetition (biology)AscomycotaSpecies SpecificitybranchingMicrobial PathogensBasidiomycotaOrganic ChemistryfungiOrganismsChemical CompoundsFungiSustained growthBiology and Life SciencesCollective workYeastGlucosejoukkoistaminenAnimal StudiesLinear growthDevelopmental BiologyFungal hyphaePLOS ONE
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Pharmacological blockade of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) alters neural proliferation, apoptosis and gliosis in the rat hippocampus, hypothal…

2015

Endocannabinoids participate in the control of neurogenesis, neural cell death and gliosis. The pharmacological effect of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor URB597, which limits the endocannabinoid degradation, was investigated in the present study. Cell proliferation (phospho-H3(+) or BrdU(+) cells) of the main adult neurogenic zones as well as apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3(+)), astroglia (GFAP(+)), and microglia (Iba1(+) cells) were analyzed in the hippocampus, hypothalamus and striatum of rats intraperitoneally treated with URB597 (0.3 mg/kg/day) at one dose/4-days resting or 5 doses (1 dose/day). Repeated URB597 treatment increased the plasma levels of the N-acylethanolamine…

AstrocitosNeurobiologia del desenvolupamentAmidohidrolasasCannabinoid receptorCarbamatos:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins::Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins::Caspases [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Differentiation::Neurogenesis [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.medical_treatment:Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Monosaccharides::Hexoses::Glucose [Medical Subject Headings]Apoptosis:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight [Medical Subject Headings]chemistry.chemical_compound:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Membrane Proteins::Receptors Cell Surface::Receptors G-Protein-Coupled::Receptors Cannabinoid::Receptor Cannabinoid CB1 [Medical Subject Headings]0302 clinical medicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Carboxylic Acids::Acids Acyclic::Carbamates [Medical Subject Headings]Fatty acid amide hydrolaseReceptor cannabinoide CB1:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals [Medical Subject Headings]FAAHGliosishealth care economics and organizations:Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids Nucleotides and Nucleosides::Nucleosides::Deoxyribonucleosides::Deoxyuridine::Bromodeoxyuridine [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Glycerides::Triglycerides [Medical Subject Headings]Original Research0303 health sciencesNeurogenesisBenzamidas:Chemicals and Drugs::Polycyclic Compounds::Steroids::Cholestanes::Cholestenes::Cholesterol [Medical Subject Headings]Endocannabinoid systemEtanolaminas3. Good healthEndocannabinoides:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Fatty Acids Unsaturated::Fatty Acids Monounsaturated::Oleic Acids [Medical Subject Headings]CannabinoidesMicroglíalipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)medicine.symptomColesterol:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Hydrocarbons::Terpenes::Cannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Palmitic Acids [Medical Subject Headings]psychological phenomena and processesProliferación celularmedicine.medical_specialtyCerebroNeurogenesiseducationBiologyBromodesoxiuridina:Anatomy::Nervous System::Neuroglia::Microglia [Medical Subject Headings]Triglicéridoslcsh:RC321-571Ácidos oléicosRatas03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceInternal medicineHipocampomedicineCaspasa 3:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hippocampus [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Growth Processes::Cell Proliferation [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry030304 developmental biologyPalmitoylethanolamide:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Neurotransmitter Agents::Endocannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Enzymes and Coenzymes::Enzymes::Hydrolases::Amidohydrolases [Medical Subject Headings]Cannabinoids:Anatomy::Cells::Neuroglia::Astrocytes [Medical Subject Headings]Peso corporalEnergy metabolism:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hypothalamus [Medical Subject Headings]URB597:Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Death [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Pathological Conditions Signs and Symptoms::Pathologic Processes::Gliosis [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Amines::Amino Alcohols::Ethanolamines [Medical Subject Headings]Muerte celular:Phenomena and Processes::Cell Physiological Phenomena::Cell Physiological Processes::Cell Death::Apoptosis [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Rats [Medical Subject Headings]EndocrinologyURB597chemistryGliosisnervous systemGlucosaCannabinoidEnergy Metabolism:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Amides::Benzamides [Medical Subject Headings]HipotálamoÁcidos palmíticos030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscienceFrontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
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The role of Aurora-A inhibitors in cancer therapy

2007

Recently, new chemotherapy agents which target the non-structural components of mitosis have been developed. An important protein involved in several mitotic phases is the Aurora-A protein. By means of the phosphorylation of different substrates, Aurora-A regulates the correct development of the various phases of mitosis. The kinase activity of this protein makes Aurora-A an excellent candidate as an oncogene. The first data of Aurora-A involvement in cancer regarded the identification of Aurora-A overexpression in primary breast and colon tumour samples. With regard to the predictive role of Aurora-A, it has been shown that its overexpression disrupts the spindle checkpoint activated by pa…

Aurora inhibitorAntineoplastic Agentsmacromolecular substancesProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesBiologychemistry.chemical_compoundAurora kinaseAurora KinasesNeoplasmsAnimalsHumansKinase activityProtein Kinase InhibitorsMitosisHematologyCell biologyZM447439Aurora-A cancer treatment kinase inhibitor mitosis small moleculeenzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates)Spindle checkpointNocodazoleOncologyAurora kinase inhibitor MK-0457chemistryembryonic structuresbiological phenomena cell phenomena and immunity
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Natural Triterpene Glycosides for Antibody Recognition

2016

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. The key role of the glycosylation in disease pathogenesis has been previously studied and the synthetic N-glucosylated peptide CSF114(Glc) proved its efficiency in autoantibody recognition in the sera of multiple sclerosis patients. Herein, pure natural triterpene glycosides containing different glycosyl moieties were isolated and tested in multiple sclerosis patientsʼ sera to better understand the role of glycosylation. They were selected taking into account the nature and complexity of their osidic part. Five triterpene glycosides were isolated from several plants with more than 95 % purity. The interacti…

Autoimmune diseasechemistry.chemical_classificationGlycosylationMultiple sclerosisAutoantibodyGlycosidemacromolecular substancesBiologymedicine.diseasecarbohydrates (lipids)chemistry.chemical_compoundAntigenTriterpenechemistryBiochemistryImmunologymedicinebiology.proteinAntibodybiomarkers • autoantibody recognition autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis triterpene glycosidesPlanta Medica Letters
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Starvation-induced expression of autophagy-related genes in Arabidopsis

2005

Background information. Autophagy is a catabolic process for degradation of cytoplasmic components in the vacuolar apparatus. A genome-wide survey recently showed evolutionary conservation among autophagy genes in yeast, mammals and plants. To elucidate the molecular and subcellular machinery responsible for the sequestration and subsequent digestion of intracellular material in plants, we utilized a combination of morphological and molecular methods (confocal laser-scanning microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and real-time PCR respectively). Results. Autophagy in Arabidopsis thaliana suspension-cultured cells was induced by carbon starvation, which triggered an immediate arrest of…

AutophagosomeSucroseATG8ArabidopsisCarbohydratesVacuoleMixed Function OxygenasesMicroscopy Electron TransmissionGene Expression Regulation PlantArabidopsisAutophagyArabidopsis thalianaCells CulturedCell ProliferationbiologyArabidopsis ProteinsAutophagyCell BiologyGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationCell biologyBiochemistryCytoplasmMultigene FamilyVacuolesIntracellularBiology of the Cell
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