Search results for "Caspofungin"
showing 10 items of 30 documents
Risk Factors for Intra-Abdominal Candidiasis in Intensive Care Units: Results from EUCANDICU Study
2022
INTRODUCTION: Intra-abdominal infections represent the second most frequently acquired infection in the intensive care unit (ICU), with mortality rates ranging from 20% to 50%. Candida spp. may be responsible for up to 10-30% of cases. This study assesses risk factors for development of intra-abdominal candidiasis (IAC) among patients admitted to ICU. METHODS: We performed a case-control study in 26 European ICUs during the period January 2015-December 2016. Patients at least 18 years old who developed an episode of microbiologically documented IAC during their stay in the ICU (at least 48 h after admission) served as the case cohort. The control group consisted of adult patients who did no…
Comparison between Disk Diffusion and Microdilution Methods for Determining Susceptibility of Clinical Fungal Isolates to Caspofungin
2007
ABSTRACT We compared the caspofungin (CAS) susceptibility testing results generated by the disk diffusion (DD) assay with the results of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) broth microdilution (BD) reference method for 106 yeast isolates. The isolates represented 11 different fungal species, including Candida albicans ( n = 50), C. parapsilosis ( n = 10), C. glabrata ( n = 10), C. tropicalis ( n = 10), C. guillermondii ( n = 6), C. rugosa ( n = 5), C. krusei ( n = 5), C. kefyr ( n = 2), C. pelliculosa ( n = 2), Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( n = 3), and Geotrichum candidum ( n = 3). The DD assay was performed in supplemented Mueller-Hinton agar with CAS, which was tested at c…
International Multicentre Study of Candida auris Infections
2021
Background:Candida auris has emerged globally as a multi-drug resistant yeast and is commonly associated with nosocomial outbreaks in ICUs. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational multicentre study to determine the epidemiology of C. auris infections, its management strategies, patient outcomes, and infection prevention and control practices across 10 centres from five countries. Results: Significant risk factors for C. auris infection include the age group of 61–70 years (39%), recent history of ICU admission (63%), diabetes (63%), renal failure (52%), presence of CVC (91%) and previous history of antibiotic treatment (96%). C. auris was commonly isolated from blood (76%). Echi…
Evaluation of the Disk Diffusion Method Compared to the Microdilution Method in Susceptibility Testing of Anidulafungin against Filamentous Fungi
2008
ABSTRACT Susceptibility testing of anidulafungin (AFG) against 32 mold isolates showed an excellent correlation between disk diffusion (DD) and broth microdilution methods. Based on our data, a 2-μg disk of AFG and a 24-h reading time might represent the best parameters for AFG DD testing against filamentous fungi.
Pga26 mediates filamentation and biofilm formation and is required for virulence in Candida albicans
2011
The Candida albicans gene PGA26 encodes a small cell wall protein and is upregulated during de novo wall synthesis in protoplasts. Disruption of PGA26 caused hypersensitivity to cell wall-perturbing compounds (Calcofluor white and Congo red) and to zymolyase, which degrades the cell wall β-1,3-glucan network. However, susceptibility to caspofungin, an inhibitor of β-1,3-glucan synthesis, was decreased. In addition, pga26Δ mutants show increased susceptibility to antifungals (fluconazol, posaconazol or amphotericin B) that target the plasma membrane and have altered sensitivities to environmental (heat, osmotic and oxidative) stresses. Except for a threefold increase in β-1,6-glucan and a sl…
Posaconazole concentrations in the central nervous system
2008
more susceptible to the killing activity of caspofungin. This study is the first comparing caspofungin killing activity against the closely related species C. parapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis and C. metapsilosis. Killing curves, regardless of the medium used, showed a decreasing order of susceptibility to caspofungin: C. metapsilosis . C. orthopsilosis . C. parapsilosis. Based on high echinocandin MICs for C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, in the case of isolates identified as C. parapsilosis sensu lato low MICs of echinocandins may be regarded as an indicator that an isolate is in fact C. orthopsilosis or C. metapsilosis; in the case of isolates with low echinocandin MICs, DNA-based identificat…
Dose Escalation of Caspofungin for Invasive Aspergillosis - A Phase II Trial
2010
Abstract Abstract 2309 Objectives. Treatment of invasive aspergillosis (IA) fails in up to 50% of all cases and the mortality rate is at least 30%. Antifungal combination treatment has not been proven to be beneficial and dose escalation with liposomal amphotericin B did not improve outcome. New approaches are needed for patients with severe immunosuppression. Methods. Escalating high dosages of caspofungin were investigated in IA defined according to modified EORTC/MSG criteria. The tested cohort of patients received 70mg, 100mg, 150mg or 200mg QD, 8 patients each were to receive caspofungin first-line treatment for proven/probable IA for up to 28 days. Dose limiting toxicity was defined a…
Successful Topical Application of Caspofungin in the Treatment of Fungal Keratitis Refractory to Voriconazole
2010
Fungal keratitis is an important ophthalmic problem because it leads to corneal blindness and sometimes to loss of the eye.1,2 There is no agreed protocol for the treatment of suspected fungal keratitis. Topical and oral voriconazole have now been reported to be effective.3 However, some cases do not respond to this treatment. New antifungal agents such as caspofungin acetate, 0.5%, are promising alternatives
Economic evaluation of caspofungin vs liposomal amphotericin B for empirical therapy of suspected systemic fungal infection in the German hospital se…
2007
As antifungal agents are frequently used in hematology and oncology, economic data on the empirical therapy of suspected systemic fungal infection are pivotal. Data were analyzed according to: (1) the rate of nephrotoxicity related to treatment with caspofungin in comparison to liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) from a randomized clinical trial, (2) the effect of nephrotoxicity on length of hospital stay from a European observational study, and (3) an example of total bottom-up cost in a department of hematology in Germany. All estimates include 95% confidence intervals (CI) using two-stage Monte Carlo simulation on binominal and Gaussian random variables from separate studies with comparable…
Efficacy and safety of micafungin for treatment of serious Candida infections in patients with or without malignant disease
2011
The aim of this study was to evaluate micafungin efficacy for treatment of invasive candidiasis/candidaemia in patients with cancer. Modified intent-to-treat populations were analysed from two trials: one, in adults and children with confirmed Candida infection, compared micafungin (adults 100 mg day(-1); children 2 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) with liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB 3 mg kg(-1) day(-1)); and the other, in adults only, compared micafungin (100 or 150 mg day(-1)) with caspofungin (50 mg day(-1); 70 mg loading dose). Primary efficacy endpoint in both trials was treatment success, defined as both clinical and mycological response at end of therapy. In the micafungin/L-AmB trial, 183/489 pa…