Search results for "Cognitive science"
showing 10 items of 6580 documents
From job crafting to home crafting: A daily diary study among six European countries
2019
The actions that individuals take to proactively craft their jobs are important to help create more meaningful and personally enriching work experiences. But do these proactive behaviors have implications beyond working life? Inspired by the suggestion that individuals aim for a meaningful life we examine whether on days when individuals craft their jobs, they are more likely to craft non-work activities. It also seems likely that characteristics of the home environment moderate these cross-domain relationships. We suggest that crafting crosses domains particularly when individuals gain resources through high autonomy and high workload at home. We partly supported our model through a daily…
The Far-Reaching Consequences of Job Insecurity : A Review on Family-Related Outcomes
2017
Job insecurity (JI) appears a fairly stable job stressor in working life today and likely to impair employee well-being. This review article presents the key findings of studies examining the effects of perceived JI on family well-being (e.g., marital/parental role quality, work–family conflict). The results, based on 25 published peer-reviewed studies, suggest an association between JI and impaired family well-being. Thus, JI spills over into family life as proposed in the spillover theory of work–family interface. Furthermore, studies have found some evidence of crossover effects of JI from parents to children: parents’ JI relates to negative outcomes in children. These results support th…
Studying the Cognitive Map of the US States: Ideology and Prosperity Stereotypes Predict Interstate Prejudice
2018
What are the spontaneous stereotypes that U.S. citizens hold about the U.S. states? We complemented insights from theory-driven approaches to this question with insights from a novel data-driven approach. Based on pile sorting and spatial arrangement similarity ratings for the states, we computed two cognitive maps of the states. Based on ratings for the states on ∼20 candidate dimensions, we interpreted the dimensions that spanned the two maps (Studies 1 and 2). Consistent with the agency/socioeconomic success, conservative-progressive beliefs, and communion (ABC) model of spontaneous stereotypes, these dimensions that participants spontaneously used to rate the states’ similarity included…
Cross validation of hard-copy and web-based formats of the Sport Imagery Ability Measure
2018
The purpose of this multi-sample study was to examine the psychometric characteristics, factor structure, and measurement invariance of the hard-copy and web-based versions of a measure of sport imagery ability, termed Sport Imagery Ability Measure (SIAM). In the first sample, Spanish athletes (N = 274, 161 men, 113 women, Mage = 21.91, SD = 6.67) completed a hard-copy version of the SIAM. A newly developed web-based version of the SIAM was cross validated in an independent group (N = 266, 147 men, 119 women, Mage = 25.93, SD = 9.84). A small group of participants (n = 16) completed both versions. Exploratory structural equation modelling and confirmatory factor analysis of the data from th…
The implications of teachers’ implicit theories for moral education: A case study from Finland
2017
Implicit theories concerning the malleability of human qualities are known to have a powerful impact on motivation and learning, but their role in moral education is an under-researched topic. In this qualitative case study, we examined the impact of implicit theories on four Finnish teachers’ practices of teaching morally and in teaching morality. The data include preliminary and stimulated recall interviews (STR) as well as classroom observations. Our results demonstrate the multiple ways in which teachers’ implicit beliefs are communicated to students and influence teacher’s interpretations and endeavors to educate the ethical capabilities of students. The study provides evidence for the…
Parent–Infant Attachment Insecurity and Emotional Eating in Adolescence: Mediation through Emotion Suppression and Alexithymia
2021
Contains fulltext : 233652.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Emotional eating (EE), the propensity to eat in response to emotions, is thought to have its origins in the early parent-infant relationship. This study tested the hypothesis that infant attachment insecurity results in EE in adolescence through the increased use of the emotion regulation strategy suppression of emotions and subsequent alexithymia. At the age of 15 months, parent-infant attachment security (n = 129) was observed with two abbreviated attachment measures: the shortened strange situation procedure (SSSP), and the shortened attachment Q-set (S-AQS). At the age of 12 years, children completed self-report questio…
The Spatial Overlap of Police Calls Reporting Street-Level and Behind-Closed-Doors Crime: A Bayesian Modeling Approach
2021
Traditionally, intimate-partner violence has been considered a special type of crime that occurs behind closed doors, with different characteristics from street-level crime. The aim of this study is to analyze the spatial overlap of police calls reporting street-level and behind-closed-doors crime. We analyzed geocoded police calls in the 552 census-block groups of the city of Valencia, Spain, related to street-level crime (N = 26,624) and to intimate-partner violence against women (N = 11,673). A Bayesian joint model was run to analyze the spatial overlap. In addition, two Bayesian hierarchical models controlled for different neighborhood characteristics to analyze the relative risks. Resu…
Conception de documents numériques : Parcours méthodologique
2009
There is a strong social demand for studies of digital document. Yet our models of society and education are struggling to integrate issues related to these types of documents. However, the subject is less than half a century old, and so it is hardly surprising that the writing and training practices are just being developed. Like the book, the digital document involves many different skills and techniques in its development. The list of jobs tends to grow steadily: ergonomists, referencing specialists, information architects, programmers, designers, integrators ... It is therefore difficult to have a global view on all this know-how and the related methodologies. This special edition seeks…
Définir la structure de navigation : quelques outils méthodologiques
2008
On peut distinguer deux niveaux de structuration des documents numériques. Ces deux niveaux correspondent aussi à deux niveaux de découpage de l'information. le niveau «macro» correspond au découpage de l'information d'un domaine en différentes unités d'informations (écrans). Le niveau inférieur, ou « micro » correspond au découpage de l'information en concept sur chaque écran. Par « macro structuration », on entend donc la structuration du document qui n'est pas forcément visible par l'utilisateur mais qui est perceptible lors des déplacements en son sein. L'objectif de cette structuration est de proposer une arborescence, qui corresponde à l'objet du document numérique. Deux principaux ob…
Association between Anxiety, Quality of Life and Academic Performance of the Final-Year-Students in Latvia
2021
The main objective of this study was to investigate the association between final-year students’ anxiety level and quality of life (QOL) with their academic achievements. A longitudinal study was performed in regular schools and in high-rated gymnasiums at the beginning and at the end of the school year. Multiple linear regression models were built for the association between level of anxiety/QOL with academic achievements. Type of school and gender—but not the level of anxiety—were the main predictors of academic achievements of 287 adolescents (e.g., for mathematics, the effect estimates were: β = −1.71 [95% confidence interval −2.21