Search results for "Complexes."

showing 10 items of 857 documents

Chemical speciation of organic matter in natural waters. Interaction of nucleotide 5′ mono-, di- and triphosphates with major components of seawater

2004

AbstractThe interactions of nucleotide 5’ mono-, di- and triphosphates in a multicomponent ionic medium simulating the macro-composition of seawater (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, SO42-, Synthetic Sea Water, SSW) have been investigated at different ionic strengths and at T= 25°C. A chemical speciation model, according to which all the internal interactions between the components of the ionic medium are taken into account, was applied to determine the effective formation constants of species in the nucleotide-seawater system. The results were compared to protonation parameters calculated from single electrolyte systems. A simpler model (SSW considered as a single salt BA, with Bz+ and Az-), repr…

chemistry.chemical_classificationChemical Health and SafetyHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisInorganic chemistrySalt (chemistry)Ionic bondingProtonationElectrolytenucleotideToxicologyorganic natural matterIonspeciationchemistryStability constants of complexesspeciation; nucleotide; seawater; organic natural matterQualitative inorganic analysisSeawaterChemical speciation of organic matter. Complex formation. Natural waters. Nucleotidesseawater
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Equilibrium studies in natural fluids: interactions of -PO43−, -P2O74−and -P3O105−with the major constituents of sea water

1998

AbstractThe interaction of PiO(i+2)−(3i+1) (i = 1,2,3) with the major components of seawater has been studied potentiometrically, at 25°C, in an artificial seawater (Na+, K, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl− and SO42−) at different salinities (5—45%o). Apparent protonation constants have been calculated, from potentiometric data, and estimated, using an appropriate complex formation model. Formation constants of complexes formed by phosphates and the cation of seawater (the inorganic content of seawater being considered as a single 1:1 salt) have been determined. The comparison between experimental and estimated results showed that a suitable complexation model can be used with a fairly good accuracy in pred…

chemistry.chemical_classificationChemical Health and SafetychemistryStability constants of complexesHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisInorganic chemistryComplex formationPotentiometric titrationArtificial seawaterSalt (chemistry)SeawaterProtonationToxicologyChemical Speciation & Bioavailability
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Redox Materials by the Covalent Entrapment of Redox-Active Dirhodium(II,II) Species in a Siloxane Network

2004

Hydrolysis and polycondensation of the coupling agent (aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APS), axially coordinated to the redox-active complex [Rh 2 (form) 2 (CH 3 COO) 2 -(APS) 2 ], lead to the insertion of redox-active inorganic microdomains into a siloxane network; the new polymers undergo cyclic redox reactions indicating that dirhodium(II,II) centres retain their redox activity even when incorporated into siloxane networks.

chemistry.chemical_classificationCondensation polymerPolymers and PlasticsOrganic Chemistrydirhodium complexesPolymerredox materialsRedoxchemistry.chemical_compoundHydrolysisdirhodium complexes; siloxanes; redox materialssiloxaneschemistryCovalent bondSiloxanemetal-polymer complexeTriethoxysilanePolymer chemistryMaterials Chemistryatomic force microscopy (AFM)dirhodiumredox-active materialSol-gel
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Binding properties of heptakis-(2,6-di-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin and mono-(3,6-anhydro)-β-cyclodextrin: a polarimetric study

2011

The binding constants for the inclusion complexes formed between heptakis-(2,6-di-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) and mono-(3,6-anhydro)-β-cyclodextrin (AβCD) with a set of suitably selected organic guests, were measured by means of polarimetry. Measurements were carried out at various pH values in order to ensure the correct protonation state for ionizable guests. Experimental data suggest that the binding properties of MβCD may be rationalized considering the less polar and more hydrophobic character of the cavity, although similar variations in conformational/dynamic behaviour occur as for native βCD. On the other hand, AβCD shows some similarities with αCD, due to the significant distor…

chemistry.chemical_classificationCrystallographyCyclodextrins host-guest complexes polarimetric measurementsCyclodextrinChemistryBinding propertiesSupramolecular chemistryPolarProtonationSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsFood ScienceJournal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry
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Binding equilibria between beta-cyclodextrin and p-nitro-aniline derivatives: the first systematic study in mixed water-methanol solvent systems.

2009

Abstract Complexation equilibria, in mixed water–methanol solvent media, between native β-cyclodextrin and a set of suitably selected p -nitro-aniline derivatives were studied by means of polarimetry. The effects exerted by the organic co-solvent on the conditional inclusion free energies Δ G cond 0 and the differential molar optical rotations Δ Θ were thoroughly analyzed under the perspective of the enthalpy–entropy compensation effect. Experimental data suggest an intimate participation (‘dynamic co-inclusion’) of solvent molecules in the formation and in the conformational dynamics of the host–guest inclusion complex.

chemistry.chemical_classificationCyclodextrinOrganic ChemistryEnthalpyNitro compoundSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaBiochemistryCyclodextrin host-guest complexes polarimetryInclusion compoundSolventchemistry.chemical_compoundAnilinechemistryComputational chemistryDrug DiscoveryNitroMoleculeOrganic chemistry
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Calorimetric investigation of the complex formation between surfactants and α-, β- and γ-cyclodextrins

1992

Abstract A calorimetric technique has been used to study complex formation between α-, β- and γ-cyclodextrins (αCD, βCD and γCD) and some surfactants (sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS), hexadecyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and p-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenoxypoly(oxyethyleneglycol) (Triton X-100)). The experimental data indicate that some complexes (SDS-αCD, SDS-βCD and CTAB-αCD) are very stable and allow direct determination of their stoichiometry and molar enthalpy of complex formation. Those for other complexes closely fit a model based on an equilibrium reaction between surfactant, cyclodextrin and a single complex. According to the model, data analysis allows determination of the …

chemistry.chemical_classificationCyclodextrinStereochemistryChemistryEnthalpyCondensed Matter PhysicsStandard enthalpy of formationchemistry.chemical_compoundPulmonary surfactantStability constants of complexesBromidePhysical chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryChemical equilibriumInstrumentationStoichiometryThermochimica Acta
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Binding properties of mono-(6-deoxy-6-amino)-β-cyclodextrin towards p-nitroaniline derivatives: a polarimetric study

2009

Abstract Polarimetry was used in order to investigate the formation of supramolecular complexes between mono-6-amino-β-cyclodextrin and various p-nitroaniline derivatives at two different pH values. Comparison with the behaviour of native β-cyclodextrin gave us the opportunity to consider the effect exerted by the presence of charged groups, having different solvation requirements, on the binding equilibrium. Data offer some support to the hypothesis of ‘dynamic co-inclusion’ of solvent molecules within the host–guest complex.

chemistry.chemical_classificationCyclodextrinStereochemistryOrganic ChemistrySupramolecular chemistrySolvationNitro compoundcyclodextrins polarimetric study host-guest complexes stability constantsSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaBiochemistryInclusion compoundSolventchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryDrug DiscoveryMoleculeAmine gas treatingTetrahedron
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Cyclodextrin/surfactant inclusion complexes: An integrated view of their thermodynamic and structural properties

2021

Cyclodextrins (CDs) play an important role in self-assembly systems of amphiphiles. The structure of CDs provides distinguished physicochemical properties, including the ability to form host-guest complexes. The complexation affects the properties of guest molecules and can produce supramolecular aggregates with desirable characteristics for fundamental and practical applications. Surfactants are particularly attractive host molecules due to their wide variety, availability, responsiveness to different stimuli, and high relevance in different fields, e.g. medical, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries. The tendency of organization in higher-order supramolecular aggregates arises the…

chemistry.chemical_classificationCyclodextrinSupramolecular chemistryNanotechnology02 engineering and technologySurfaces and Interfaces010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesSettore CHIM/12 - Chimica Dell'Ambiente E Dei Beni Culturali0104 chemical sciencesInclusion complexesColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryPulmonary surfactantAmphiphileSurfactantMoleculeCyclodextrinThermodynamicsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technology
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2,2′:6′,2″-Terpyridine Trimethylplatinum(IV) Iodide Complexes as Bifunctional Halogen Bond Acceptors

2016

Three new organometallic trimethylplatinum(IV) iodide complexes of 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridines have been synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The X-ray crystal structures of PtMe3I(L) complexes 1–3 {L for 1 = 4′-chloro-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine, 2 = 4′-(4-cyanophenyl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine, and 3 = 4′-(4-tolyl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine} reveal distorted octahedral coordination geometry of the platinum(IV) metal centers with bidentate coordination of the terpyridine ligands. Complexation of 1–3 with iodopentafluorobenzene (IPFB) afforded single-crystal structures of halogen bond (XB) complexes 1a–3…

chemistry.chemical_classificationDenticityHalogen bond010405 organic chemistryhalogen bondsIodideGeneral ChemistryCrystal structurehalogen bond acceptors010402 general chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsPhotochemistry01 natural sciencestransition metal complexes0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryPyridineGeneral Materials ScienceTerpyridineBifunctionalta116Coordination geometryCrystal Growth & Design
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1‑Phenyl-3-(pyrid-2-yl)benzo[e][1,2,4]triazinyl: The First "Blatter Radical" for Coordination Chemistry

2014

A neutral air- and moisture-stable N,N′-chelating radical ligand, 1-phenyl-3-(pyrid-2-yl)benzo[e][1,2,4]triazinyl (1) was synthesized and characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and magnetic measurements. Subsequent reaction of 1 with Cu(hfac)2·2H2O (hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate) under ambient conditions afforded the coordination complex Cu(1)(hfac)2 in which the radical binds to the metal in a bidentate fashion. Magnetic susceptibility data collected from 1.8 to 300 K indicate a strong ferromagnetic metal-radical interaction in the complex and weak antiferromagnetic radical···radical interactions between the Cu(1)(hfac)2 units. Detailed com…

chemistry.chemical_classificationDenticityStereochemistryLigandpysyvät radikaalitRadicalmetal complexes[CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistryMedicinal chemistryMagnetic susceptibilityCoordination complexInorganic ChemistryMetalParamagnetismCoordination Chemistrystable radicalschemistryBlatter radikaalivisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumAntiferromagnetismBlatter radicalPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryta116metallikompleksit
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