Search results for "Computer Applications"

showing 10 items of 185 documents

A Simple Cardiovascular Model for the Study of Hemorrhagic Shock

2020

Hemorrhagic shock is the number one cause of death on the battlefield and in civilian trauma as well. Mathematical modeling has been applied in this context for decades; however, the formulation of a satisfactory model that is both practical and effective has yet to be achieved. This paper introduces an upgraded version of the 2007 Zenker model for hemorrhagic shock termed the ZenCur model that allows for a better description of the time course of relevant observations. Our study provides a simple but realistic mathematical description of cardiovascular dynamics that may be useful in the assessment and prognosis of hemorrhagic shock. This model is capable of replicating the changes in mean …

Article SubjectSwineComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectComputer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsR858-859.7Context (language use)Cardiovascular ModelShock HemorrhagicExperimental laboratorySettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBattlefieldHemorrhagic ShockmedicineAnimalsHumansComputer Simulation030212 general & internal medicineSimplicitySettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaSimple (philosophy)media_commonMathematical modelsGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyApplied MathematicsHemodynamicsModels CardiovascularComputational Biology030208 emergency & critical care medicineMathematical ConceptsGeneral MedicinePrognosisAnimal modelsDisease Models AnimalMilitary PersonnelRisk analysis (engineering)Modeling and SimulationShock (circulatory)Settore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaTime courseHemorrhagic shockCardiovascular Dynamicsmedicine.symptomResearch Article
researchProduct

Recent advances in machine learning for maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) prediction : A review

2022

Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) is the maximum amount of oxygen attainable by a person during exercise. VO2 max is used in different domains including sports and medical sciences and is usually measured during an incremental treadmill or cycle ergometer test. The drawback of directly measuring VO2 max using the maximal test is that it is expensive and requires a fixed and controlled protocol. During the last decade, various machine learning models have been developed for VO2 max prediction and numerous studies have attempted to predict VO2 max using data from submaximal and non-exercise tests. This article gives an overview of the machine learning models developed over the past five years (…

Artificial neural networkmallintaminenComputer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsR858-859.7ennusteetneuroverkotkuntotestitPrediction modelsError metricsmittaustekniikkafyysinen kuntokoneoppiminenGraded exercise testsMachine learningmaksimaalinen hapenottoMaximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max)
researchProduct

Altered neural responses to social fairness in bipolar disorder

2020

Highlights • Bipolar disorder is characterized by impaired processing of social fairness. • BD patients exhibit increased rejection of moderate unfairness in Ultimatum Game. • BD patients display decreased response to moderate unfairness in anterior insula. • BD patients deactivate posterior and middle insula in response to unfairness. • Trait impulsivity positively correlated with deactivations in posterior insula.

Audiologylcsh:RC346-4290302 clinical medicineSocial decision makingRATING-SCALEBRAINSocial informationhealth care economics and organizationsBrain Mappingmedicine.diagnostic_test05 social sciencesRegular ArticleMagnetic Resonance ImaginghumanitiesNeurologyFMRIECONOMIC DECISION-MAKINGlcsh:R858-859.7Fairness ; Bipolar disorder ; Ambiguity ; Ultimatum game ; Social decision-makingmedicine.symptomPsychologyPsychosocialpsychological phenomena and processesUltimatum gamemedicine.medical_specialtyAmbiguityFairnessSocial decision-makingBipolar disorderCognitive NeuroscienceDecision MakingImpulsivitylcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsbehavioral disciplines and activities050105 experimental psychologyMECHANISMS03 medical and health sciencesmental disordersmedicineContextual informationHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingBipolar disorderSocial BehaviorINSULAMETAANALYSISlcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemPERFORMANCEmedicine.diseaseGames ExperimentalIMPULSIVENESSNeurology (clinical)Functional magnetic resonance imagingInsula030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroImage: Clinical
researchProduct

FASTA/Q data compressors for MapReduce-Hadoop genomics: space and time savings made easy

2021

Abstract Background Storage of genomic data is a major cost for the Life Sciences, effectively addressed via specialized data compression methods. For the same reasons of abundance in data production, the use of Big Data technologies is seen as the future for genomic data storage and processing, with MapReduce-Hadoop as leaders. Somewhat surprisingly, none of the specialized FASTA/Q compressors is available within Hadoop. Indeed, their deployment there is not exactly immediate. Such a State of the Art is problematic. Results We provide major advances in two different directions. Methodologically, we propose two general methods, with the corresponding software, that make very easy to deploy …

Big DataFASTQ formatComputer scienceBig data02 engineering and technologycomputer.software_genrelcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsBiochemistry03 medical and health sciencesSoftwareStructural BiologySpark (mathematics)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringData_FILESMapReduceMapReduce; hadoop; sequence analysis; data compressionMolecular Biologylcsh:QH301-705.5030304 developmental biologyFile system0303 health sciencesSettore INF/01 - InformaticaDatabasebusiness.industryMethodology ArticleApplied MathematicsSequence analysisGenomicsData compression; Hadoop; MapReduce; Sequence analysis; Algorithms; Big Data; Data Compression; Genomics; SoftwareComputer Science Applicationslcsh:Biology (General)Software deploymentHadoopData compressionlcsh:R858-859.7020201 artificial intelligence & image processingState (computer science)businesscomputerAlgorithmsSoftwareData compressionBMC Bioinformatics
researchProduct

Radiomics and Prostate MRI: Current Role and Future Applications

2021

Multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is widely used as a triage test for men at a risk of prostate cancer. However, the traditional role of mpMRI was confined to prostate cancer staging. Radiomics is the quantitative extraction and analysis of minable data from medical images; it is emerging as a promising tool to detect and categorize prostate lesions. In this paper we review the role of radiomics applied to prostate mpMRI in detection and localization of prostate cancer, prediction of Gleason score and PI-RADS classification, prediction of extracapsular extension and of biochemical recurrence. We also provide a future perspective of artificial intelligence (machine …

Biochemical recurrencemedicine.medical_specialtyReviewlcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informaticslcsh:QA75.5-76.95030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesProstate cancer0302 clinical medicineRadiomicsProstatelocalmedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imaginglcsh:PhotographyGleason scoreElectrical and Electronic EngineeringMultiparametric Magnetic Resonance ImagingFuture perspectivemedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMagnetic resonance imaginglcsh:TR1-1050prostate cancerartificial intelligencemultiparametric magnetic resonance imagingneoplasm recurrencemedicine.diseaseComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided Designprostate cancer; artificial intelligence; multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging; Gleason score; neoplasm recurrence; localmedicine.anatomical_structure030220 oncology & carcinogenesislcsh:R858-859.7lcsh:Electronic computers. Computer scienceComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionRadiologyProstate cancer stagingbusiness
researchProduct

A motif-independent metric for DNA sequence specificity

2011

Abstract Background Genome-wide mapping of protein-DNA interactions has been widely used to investigate biological functions of the genome. An important question is to what extent such interactions are regulated at the DNA sequence level. However, current investigation is hampered by the lack of computational methods for systematic evaluating sequence specificity. Results We present a simple, unbiased quantitative measure for DNA sequence specificity called the Motif Independent Measure (MIM). By analyzing both simulated and real experimental data, we found that the MIM measure can be used to detect sequence specificity independent of presence of transcription factor (TF) binding motifs. We…

Biologylcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsDNA-binding proteinGenomeBiochemistryDNA sequencingCell Line03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineStructural BiologyHumansTranscription factorMolecular Biologylcsh:QH301-705.5Sequence Specificity Epigenomics Bioinformatics030304 developmental biologyEpigenomicsGenetics0303 health sciencesBase SequenceSettore INF/01 - InformaticaGenome HumanApplied MathematicsMethodology ArticleDNAComputer Science ApplicationsDNA-Binding Proteinschemistrylcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:R858-859.7Human genomeDNA microarray030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDNAAlgorithmsSoftwareGenome-Wide Association StudyProtein BindingTranscription FactorsBMC Bioinformatics
researchProduct

Can 3D Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) improve breast malignant pathology detection? A case-to-case imaging comparison between 3D DBT and 2D Mammo…

2014

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References

Breast Mammography Digital radiography Screening Computer Applications-3D eLearning Cancer Education and traininggenetic structuresComputer Applications-3DeducationEducation and trainingDigital radiographyScreeningeLearningBreastMammographyCancer
researchProduct

Variable-order reference-free variant discovery with the Burrows-Wheeler Transform

2020

Abstract Background In [Prezza et al., AMB 2019], a new reference-free and alignment-free framework for the detection of SNPs was suggested and tested. The framework, based on the Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT), significantly improves sensitivity and precision of previous de Bruijn graphs based tools by overcoming several of their limitations, namely: (i) the need to establish a fixed value, usually small, for the order k, (ii) the loss of important information such as k-mer coverage and adjacency of k-mers within the same read, and (iii) bad performance in repeated regions longer than k bases. The preliminary tool, however, was able to identify only SNPs and it was too slow and memory con…

Burrows–Wheeler transformComputer science[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Value (computer science)SNPAssembly-free0102 computer and information scienceslcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics01 natural sciencesBiochemistryPolymorphism Single Nucleotide03 medical and health sciencesBWTChromosome (genetic algorithm)Structural BiologyHumansSensitivity (control systems)Molecular Biologylcsh:QH301-705.5Alignment-free; Assembly-free; BWT; INDEL; SNP030304 developmental biologyAlignment-free; Assembly-free; BWT; INDEL; SNP;De Bruijn sequence0303 health sciencesSettore INF/01 - InformaticaAlignment-freeApplied MathematicsResearchGenomicsSequence Analysis DNAINDELData structureGraphComputer Science ApplicationsVariable (computer science)lcsh:Biology (General)010201 computation theory & mathematicsAdjacency listlcsh:R858-859.7Suffix[INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM]AlgorithmAlgorithmsBMC Bioinformatics
researchProduct

Stronger proprioceptive BOLD-responses in the somatosensory cortices reflect worse sensorimotor function in adolescents with and without cerebral pal…

2020

Graphical abstract

CP-oireyhtymäCHILDRENSM1PASSIVE FINGERDP diplegic3124 Neurology and psychiatryEVOKED-POTENTIALSBRAINChildMOTOR CORTEXPassive movementTE echo timeEM expectation maximizationliikeaistiBOLD Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent signalRegular ArticleMagnetic Resonance ImagingTD typically-developedTR repetition timeSIIGMFCS Gross Motor Function Classification SystemMANCOVA Multivariate analysis of covarianceEPI echo planar imagingHP hemiplegicfMRI functional magnetic resonance imagingFemaleTACTILE STIMULATIONhalvausAGE-RELATED DIFFERENCESAdolescentComputer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsR858-859.7HemiplegiaORGANIZATIONDiplegiatuntoaistiMOVEMENTSIPT Sensory Integration and Praxis TestsROI regions of interestHumansSISII cortex secondary somatosensory cortexCP cerebral palsyRC346-429ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSGLM General Linear ModelCerebral Palsy3112 NeurosciencesSPM Statistical Parametric MappingSomatosensory CortexHandProprioceptionSI cortex primary somatosensory cortexGABA CONCENTRATIONKinesthesiaNeurology. Diseases of the nervous systemPSC percent signal change
researchProduct

HRCT evaluation of bronchial response to deep inspiration in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

2012

Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information

CT-High ResolutionComputer Applications-Detection diagnosisChronic obstructive airways diseaseHRCT ASTHMACOPDSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioThoraxLungRespiratory system
researchProduct