Search results for "Computer-Assisted"

showing 10 items of 1186 documents

Cooling of the cerebellar interpositus nucleus abolishes somatosensory cortical learning-related activity in eyeblink conditioned rabbits.

2005

Nictitating membrane movement and multiple-unit activity in the somatosensory cortex were recorded from rabbits during paired (N = 6) and unpaired (N = 5) presentations of a tone conditioned stimulus (CS) and an airpuff unconditioned stimulus (US). A behavioural conditioned response (CR) to the CS and an accompanying neural response in the somatosensory cortex developed only in the paired group. Inactivation of the cerebellar interpositus nucleus abolished both the acquired CR and the accompanying neural response. However, the CS facilitated both behavioural and neural responses to the US during the inactivation. Thus, the absence of the CR could not be accounted for by the general inabilit…

Cerebellumgenetic structuresEfferentCentral nervous systemSomatosensory system03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineHypothermia InducedEvoked Potentials SomatosensorymedicineAnimals030304 developmental biologyNeurons0303 health sciencesBrain MappingNeuronal PlasticityChemistryClassical conditioningAssociation LearningElectroencephalographyNeural InhibitionSignal Processing Computer-AssistedSomatosensory CortexEvoked Potentials MotorConditioning Eyelidmedicine.anatomical_structureEyeblink conditioningCerebellar NucleiFemaleNictitating membraneRabbitsNerve NetNeuroscienceNucleus030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBehavioural brain research
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3D spectral imaging with synchrotron Fourier transform infrared spectro-microtomography

2013

We report Fourier transform infrared spectro-microtomography, a nondestructive three-dimensional imaging approach that reveals the distribution of distinctive chemical compositions throughout an intact biological or materials sample. The method combines mid-infrared absorption contrast with computed tomographic data acquisition and reconstruction to enhance chemical and morphological localization by determining a complete infrared spectrum for every voxel (millions of spectra determined per sample).

Chemical imagingmedicine.medical_specialtyMaterials scienceInfrared spectroscopyBiochemistryFourier transform spectroscopyPhysics::GeophysicsMicesymbols.namesakeImaging Three-DimensionalOpticsSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredMicroscopyImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineAnimalsHumansFourier transform infrared spectroscopyMolecular BiologyEmbryonic Stem Cellsbusiness.industryX-Ray MicrotomographyCell BiologyWoodSpectral imagingPopulusFourier transformsymbolsbusinessChemical fingerprintingSynchrotronsHairBiotechnologyNature Methods
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Assessment of a single-acquisition imaging sequence for oxygen-sensitive (3)He-MRI.

2001

MRI of the lungs using hyperpolarized helium-3 (3He) allows the determination of intrapulmonary oxygen partial pressures (pO2). The need to separate competing processes of signal loss has hitherto required two different imaging series during two different breathing maneuvers. In this work, a new imaging strategy to measure pO2 by a single series of consecutive scans is presented. The feasibility of the method is demonstrated in three healthy human volunteers. Maps and histograms of intrapulmonary pO2 are calculated. Changes in the oxygen concentration of the inhaled gas mixture are well reproduced in the histograms. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of the temporal evolution of 3He hyperpolariza…

ChemistryPartial PressureMonte Carlo methodHealthy subjectschemistry.chemical_elementrespiratory systemOxygenHeliumMagnetic Resonance ImagingOxygenNuclear magnetic resonanceIsotopesHistogramImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingLimiting oxygen concentrationComputer SimulationHyperpolarization (physics)Inhaled GasPulmonary VentilationLungMonte Carlo MethodLung functionMagnetic resonance in medicine
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Intensity-modulated extended-field chemoradiation plus simultaneous integrated boost in the pre-operative treatment of locally advanced cervical canc…

2015

Objective: To investigate the feasibility and determine the recommended pre-operative intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) dose of extended-field chemoradiation along with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) dose escalation. Methods: A radiation dose of 40Gy over 4 weeks, 2Gy/fraction, was delivered to the tumour and the lymphatic drainage (planning target volume, PTV3), which encompassed a volume larger than standard (common iliac lymphatic area up to its apex, in front of the L3 vertebra), concurrently with chemotherapy (cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil). Radiation dose was escalated to the pelvis (PTV2) and to the macroscopic disease (PTV1) with the SIB-IMRT strategy. Three dose levels we…

Chemoradiotherapy; Dose Fractionation; Feasibility Studies; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Preoperative Period; Prospective Studies; Radiotherapy Dosage; Radiotherapy Planning Computer-Assisted; Radiotherapy Intensity-Modulated; Treatment Outcome; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Radiology Nuclear Medicine and Imaging; Medicine (all)Uterine Cervical NeoplasmRadiology Nuclear Medicine and Imagingcervical cancermedicine.medical_treatmentUterine Cervical NeoplasmsMedicineHumansProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyDose FractionationSettore MED/36 - DIAGNOSTICA PER IMMAGINI E RADIOTERAPIANeoplasm StagingCervical cancerCisplatinChemotherapyFull Paperbusiness.industryMedicine (all)Radiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedDose fractionationRadiotherapy DosageGeneral MedicineChemoradiotherapyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseRadiation therapyFeasibility StudieProspective StudieLymphatic systemTreatment OutcomePreoperative PeriodFeasibility StudiesFemaleDose Fractionation RadiationRadiotherapy Intensity-ModulatedbusinessNuclear medicineChemoradiotherapymedicine.drugHumanThe British journal of radiology
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Automatic detection of large dense-core vesicles in secretory cells and statistical analysis of their intracellular distribution.

2010

Analyzing the morphological appearance and the spatial distribution of large dense-core vesicles (granules) in the cell cytoplasm is central to the understanding of regulated exocytosis. This paper is concerned with the automatic detection of granules and the statistical analysis of their spatial locations in different cell groups. We model the locations of granules of a given cell as a realization of a finite spatial point process and the point patterns associated with the cell groups as replicated point patterns of different spatial point processes. First, an algorithm to segment the granules using electron microscopy images is proposed. Second, the relative locations of the granules with…

Chromaffin CellsInformation Storage and RetrievalBiologyBioinformaticsModels BiologicalSensitivity and SpecificityPoint processExocytosislaw.inventionPattern Recognition AutomatedMicelawArtificial IntelligenceImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedGeneticsAnimalsSecretionChromaffin GranulesComputer SimulationCells CulturedModels StatisticalApplied MathematicsVesicleSecretory VesiclesReproducibility of ResultsImage EnhancementEmpirical distribution functionMicroscopy ElectronAnimals NewbornCytoplasmData Interpretation StatisticalElectron microscopeBiological systemIntracellularAlgorithmsBiotechnologyIEEE/ACM transactions on computational biology and bioinformatics
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Verbal learning and memory and their associations with brain morphology and illness course in schizophrenia spectrum psychoses.

2012

The California Verbal Learning Test and structural brain imaging were administered to 57 subjects with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 94 controls in a general population sample. Cases had lower semantic cluster scores. Poorer verbal memory strategies were associated with longer duration of illness and heavier use of antipsychotic medication. After controlling for duration of illness, sex, and total gray matter, poorer verbal memory was associated with lower gray matter volume in the cingulate cortex, juxtapositional lobule, right superior temporal gyrus, and precuneus. After controlling for use of antipsychotic medication, there was an association between higher serial clustering and …

Cingulate cortexAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPsychosisPrecuneusNeuroimagingAudiologyNeuropsychological TestsVerbal learningbehavioral disciplines and activitiesMemorymedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansEffects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performancePsychiatryta515Psychiatric Status Rating ScalesCalifornia Verbal Learning TestWorking memoryBrainVerbal Learningmedicine.diseaseClinical Psychologymedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyPsychotic DisordersDisease ProgressionSchizophreniaFemaleSchizophrenic PsychologyNeurology (clinical)Verbal memoryPsychologyJournal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
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Modality-specific dysfunctional neural processing of social-abstract and non-social-concrete information in schizophrenia

2021

Highlights • Social/non-social information processing in three modalities was investigated in SZ. • SZ showed reduced activation for social information only in gesture modality. • Reduced activation in SZ was observed for non-social information only in speech. • Neural Neural processing in bimodal condition is not different between patients and controls.

Cognitive NeuroscienceSchizoaffective disorderDysfunctional familylcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsmPFC050105 experimental psychologylcsh:RC346-42903 medical and health sciencesGesture0302 clinical medicineSocialmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansSpeech0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging10. No inequalityPrefrontal cortexlcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemBrain MappingModality (human–computer interaction)medicine.diagnostic_testGestures05 social sciencesRegular ArticleMultimodal processingmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingNeurologySchizophreniaNeural processingSchizophrenialcsh:R858-859.7Neurology (clinical)PsychologyFunctional magnetic resonance imaging030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCognitive psychologyGestureNeuroImage: Clinical
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Effect of inter-crystal scatter on estimation methods for random coincidences and subsequent correction.

2008

Random coincidences can contribute substantially to the background in positron emission tomography (PET). Several estimation methods are being used for correcting them. The goal of this study was to investigate the validity of techniques for random coincidence estimation, with various low-energy thresholds (LETs). Simulated singles list-mode data of the MADPET-II small animal PET scanner were used as input. The simulations have been performed using the GATE simulation toolkit. Several sources with different geometries have been employed. We evaluated the number of random events using three methods: delayed window (DW), singles rate (SR) and time histogram fitting (TH). Since the GATE simula…

CoincidenceCrystalRandom AllocationImaging Three-DimensionalHOT RegionHistogramSmall animalStatisticsImage Processing Computer-AssistedAnimalsScattering RadiationRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMathematicsTomography Emission-Computed Single-PhotonModels StatisticalRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyComputersCompton scatteringReproducibility of ResultsReconstruction algorithmEquipment DesignModels TheoreticalComputational physicsPositron-Emission TomographyEstimation methodsCrystallizationMonte Carlo MethodSoftwarePhysics in medicine and biology
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Mediatisation in Twitter: an exploratory analysis of the 2015 Spanish general election

2019

[EN] The mediatisation model in politics assumes that media conveys political messages between parties and citizenship, with the risk of promoting issues that frame the electoral content in terms of competition. These dynamics could distract from the debate of ideas and political policies. However, digital media like Twitter provide direct communication channels between parties, candidates and users. The present research explores Twitter content during an electoral campaign focused on the four issues proposed by Patterson (1980) to assess mediatisation: political, policy, campaign and personal (regarding the candidate). The goal of this research study is to evaluate the degree of mediatisat…

CommunicationTwitterMedia studiesPolitical communicationExploratory analysisCOMERCIALIZACION E INVESTIGACION DE MERCADOSMediatisationMediatisationPolitical communicationComputer-assisted content detectionPolitical scienceGeneral electionElectoral campaign
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Identifying individuality and variability in team tactics by means of statistical shape analysis and multilayer perceptrons.

2012

Abstract Offensive and defensive systems of play represent important aspects of team sports. They include the players’ positions at certain situations during a match, i.e., when players have to be on specific positions on the court. Patterns of play emerge based on the formations of the players on the court. Recognition of these patterns is important to react adequately and to adjust own strategies to the opponent. Furthermore, the ability to apply variable patterns of play seems to be promising since they make it harder for the opponent to adjust. The purpose of this study is to identify different team tactical patterns in volleyball and to analyze differences in variability. Overall 120 s…

Competitive BehaviorOperations researchComputer scienceBiophysicsVideo RecordingExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyAthletic PerformanceYoung AdultOrder (exchange)OrientationWorld championshipComputer GraphicsImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineCooperative BehaviorKinesthesisArtificial neural networkbusiness.industryStatistical shape analysisOffensiveGeneral MedicineAdversaryPerceptronBiomechanical PhenomenaVariable (computer science)VolleyballFemaleArtificial intelligenceNeural Networks ComputerbusinessAlgorithmsHuman movement science
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