Search results for "Concentration"

showing 10 items of 1906 documents

Optimisation of Heat Loss through Ventilation for Residential Buildings

2018

This study presents the results of research on heat loss from various types of residential buildings through ventilation systems. Experimental research was done to analyse the effectiveness of ventilation systems of different types and determine the parameters of air discharged via the ventilation ducts. A model of heat loss from the discharge of exhaust air outside through air ducts has since been developed. Experiments were conducted on three experimental systems of building ventilation: gravitational, mechanical, and supply-exhaust ventilation systems with heat recovery. The proposed model dependencies were used to chart the daily fluctuations of the optimum multiplicity of air exchange …

Atmospheric Scienceresidential buildingoptimisation020209 energymedicine.medical_treatmentAirflow02 engineering and technologylcsh:QC851-999Environmental Science (miscellaneous)law.inventioncarbon dioxide concentrationheat lossChartlawHeat recovery ventilation0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicineAir quality indexheat loss; optimisation; residential building; air quality; carbon dioxide concentration; ventilation systemMechanical ventilationHeat lossesNatural ventilationair qualityventilation systemVentilation (architecture)Environmental sciencelcsh:Meteorology. ClimatologyMarine engineeringAtmosphere
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RADIONUCLIDE CONCENTRATIONS IN AIR PARTICULATE AT PALERMO (ITALY) FOLLOWING FUKUSHIMA ACCIDENT

2012

Following the Fukushima accident, a series of samplings were carried out with a daily frequency to detect the arrival of radioactive contamination in air at Palermo (Italy) and to follow its evolution during the time. Air particulate collection was performed by suction of atmospheric air through cellulose filter paper by means of a high-volume air sampler (∼15 000 m(3) d(-1)). Spectrometric analysis of the filters highlights the presence of (131)I, (134)Cs, (137)Cs and, only for a few samples, traces of (132)Te-(132)I and (136)Cs. Maximum airborne concentrations were 883 μBq m(-3) for (131)I (only particulate), 81 μBq m(-3) for (137)Cs and 70 μBq m(-3) for (134)Cs. From a dose to population…

Atmospheric airTime FactorsSettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione NucleariPopulationAir samplerAir Particulate Fukushima accident airborne concentrationIodine RadioisotopesJapanRadiation MonitoringRadioactive contaminationFukushima Nuclear AccidentRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingeducationSicilyRadioisotopeseducation.field_of_studyRadionuclideRadiationRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industrySpectrum AnalysisPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral MedicineParticulatesChernobyl Nuclear AccidentAir Pollutants RadioactiveCesium RadioisotopesSpainEnvironmental chemistryNuclear Power PlantsEnvironmental scienceNuclear medicinebusinessUkraine
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Ion equilibrium in lichen surrounding.

2003

In laboratory conditions, the ionic equilibriums between a solution and a cation-active layer of epiphytic lichens Hypogymnia physodes immersed in the solution were examined. It was found that such equilibriums, due to exchange of mobile cations: H, Na, K, Ca, and Mg, are established in natural conditions between a lichen and atmospheric water.

Atmospheric waterIon TransportIon exchangeLichensChemistryBiophysicsIonic bondingGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationIonIon ExchangeEnvironmental chemistryCationsElectrochemistryEpiphytePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryLichenHypogymnia physodesBioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
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Muscarinic inhibition of potassium-induced noradrenaline release and its dependence on the calcium concentration.

1975

1. Noradrenaline release from the isolated rabbit heart was evoked by perfusion with a medium containing 135 mM potassium and 17 mM sodium ions (high K+-low Na+). 2. The noradrenaline output in response to high K+-low Na+ was dose-dependently decreased by methacholine (0.625-320 muM) and this effect was reserved by atropine 1.44 mM. 3. Lowering the calcium concentration of high K+-low Na+ from 1.8-0.1125 mM decreased the noradrenaline output by 85%. The effect of methacholine, expressed as % inhibition of noradrenaline release, was potentiated by lowering of the calcium concentration. 4. Both at normal and lowered calcium concentrations the inhibitory action of methacholine was larger from …

AtropineMalemedicine.medical_specialtyReserpineTime FactorsSodiumPotassiumchemistry.chemical_elementAdrenergicCalciumchemistry.chemical_compoundNorepinephrineInternal medicineMuscarinic acetylcholine receptormedicinePressureAnimalsMethacholine CompoundsReceptors CholinergicPharmacologyCalcium metabolismMuscarineChemistryMyocardiumOsmolar ConcentrationSodiumGeneral MedicinePerfusionEndocrinologyPotassiumMethacholineCalciumFemaleRabbitsmedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology
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Protease A activity and nitrogen fractions released during alcoholic fermentation and autolysis in enological conditions

2000

Determination of protease A activity during alcoholic fermentation of a synthetic must (pH 3.5 at 25 degrees C) and during autolysis showed that a sixfold induction of protease A activity occurred after sugar exhaustion, well before 100% cell death occurred. A decrease in protease A activity was observed when yeast cell autolysis started. Extracellular protease A activity was detected late in the autolysis process, which suggests that protease A is not easily released. Evolution of amino acids and peptides was determined during alcoholic fermentation and during autolysis. Amino acids were released in early stationary phase. These amino acids were subsequently assimilated during the fermenta…

Autolysis (biology)Saccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsTime FactorsNitrogenmedicine.medical_treatmentWineBioengineeringPeptideSaccharomyces cerevisiaeEthanol fermentationBiologyApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologymedicineAspartic Acid EndopeptidasesAmino AcidsChromatography High Pressure Liquidchemistry.chemical_classificationProteaseCell autolysisTemperatureHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationYeastAmino acidBiochemistrychemistryAlcoholsFermentationFermentationAutolysisBiotechnologyJournal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology
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Characterization of automotive shredder residues before and five years after landfill disposal

2015

The paper illustrates the results of an extensive analytical characterization study of automotive shredder residues (ASR), also known as "fluff". The analyses concerned material fractions and their content, with special reference to heavy metals (e.g. Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Cu) and arsenic. Elution tests on the original materials were also conducted. Moreover, chemical concentrations of ASR samples after about five years' landfill residence was assessed, in order to verify possible changes resulting from both in-situ leaching and organic matter degradation phenomena. Results show that lead seems to be the most critical element in view of possible ASR acceptance in non-hazardous waste landfills bec…

Automotive industryteste de eluiçãochemistry.chemical_elementAquatic Sciencemetais pesadosOrganic matteraterros sanitáriosArseniclcsh:Environmental sciencesGeneral Environmental ScienceHigh concentrationchemistry.chemical_classificationlcsh:GE1-350leachateWaste managementbusiness.industryresíduos de automóveislandfillchorume fluffPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthHeavy metalsheavy metalautomotive shredder residueelution testchemistryEnvironmental sciencefluffLeaching (metallurgy)businessRevista Ambiente & Água
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Kinetics of Zn2+ complexation by a ditopic phenanthroline-azamacrocyclic scorpiand-like receptor.

2012

Coordination of Zn(2+) to a ditopic phenanthroline-macrocycle receptor takes place in three steps, the first one being the coordination to the phenanthroline, followed by the slow movement of the metal to the polyamine macrocycle and a final re-arrangement to coordinate the pendent arm.

Aza CompoundsStereochemistryPhenanthrolineKineticsMetals and AlloysGeneral ChemistryHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationCatalysisSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundKineticsZincchemistryCoordination Complexesvisual_artPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCeramics and Compositesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumSlow MovementPolyamineReceptorPhenanthrolinesChemical communications (Cambridge, England)
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Amphiphilic Polysaccharide Block Copolymers for pH-Responsive Micellar Nanoparticles

2017

A full polysaccharide amphiphilic block copolymer was prepared from end group-functionalized dextrans using copper-mediated azide-alkyne click chemistry. Sufficient modification of the reducing end in both blocks was achieved by microwave-enhanced reductive amination in a borate-buffer/methanol solvent system. The combination of a hydrophilic dextran block with a hydrophobic acetalated dextran block results in an amphiphilic structure that turns water-soluble upon acid treatment. The material has a low critical micelle concentration and self-assembles in water to spherical micellar nanoparticles. The formed nanoparticles have a narrow size distribution below 70 nm in diameter and disassembl…

AzidesPolymers and PlasticsNanoparticleBioengineering02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesReductive aminationBiomaterialsSurface-Active Agentschemistry.chemical_compoundAmphiphileMaterials ChemistryCopolymerOrganic chemistryMicrowavesMicellesAqueous solutionChemistryDextransHydrogen-Ion Concentration021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesDextranChemical engineeringAlkynesCritical micelle concentrationClick chemistryNanoparticlesClick Chemistry0210 nano-technologyHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsCopperBiomacromolecules
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Choosing the Right Antifungal Agent in ICU Patients

2019

Fungi are responsible for around 20% of microbiologically documented infections in intensive care units (ICU). In the last decade, the incidence of invasive fungal infections (IFI), including candidemia, has increased steadily because of increased numbers of both immunocompromised and ICU patients. To improve the outcomes of patients with IFI, intensivists need to be aware of the inherent challenges. This narrative review summarizes the features of routinely used treatments directed against IFI in non-neutropenic ICU patients, which include three classes of antifungals: polyenes, azoles, and echinocandins. ICU patients' pathophysiological changes are responsible for deep changes in the phar…

AzolesAntifungal AgentsReviewKidney Function TestsInvasive aspergillosiEchinocandins0302 clinical medicineLiver Function Tests[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseasesMedicineDrug InteractionsPharmacology (medical)030212 general & internal medicineComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSmedia_common[SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases0303 health sciencesIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)CandidiasisGeneral MedicineSerum concentrationIntensive care patients3. Good healthIntensive Care UnitsPractice Guidelines as Topic[SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/VirologyCandidiasiNarrative reviewDrug MonitoringInvasive fungi infectionAntifungalDrugmedicine.medical_specialtyIcu patientsmedicine.drug_classmedia_common.quotation_subjectPharmacokineticPolyenesImmunocompromised Host03 medical and health sciences[SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular systemIntensive careHumansPharmacokinetics[SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/ParasitologyIntensive care medicineIntensive care patient030306 microbiologybusiness.industry[SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/BacteriologyInvasive aspergillosisLiver functionbusinessPractical guidelinesInvasive Fungal InfectionsAdvances in Therapy
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Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of New Selenazole Derivatives with Antiproliferative Activity

2013

New aryl-hydrazinyl-1,3-selenazole and aroyl-hydrazonyl-1,3-selenazoles were synthesized via Hantzsch type condensation reactions of selenosemicarbazides with α-halogenocarbonyl derivatives, under classical versus microwave heating conditions. Excellent yields and shorter reaction times were obtained under irradiation conditions. The structures of the synthesized compounds were assigned based on spectroscopic data (FT-IR, 1 H-NMR), MS and elemental analysis. Selenazole derivatives were screened for their anti-proliferative effects against two leukemia cell lines (CCRF-CEM and HL60) and three carcinoma cell lines (MDA-MB231, HCT116 and U87MG).

AzolesHL60Pharmaceutical ScienceAntineoplastic AgentsHL-60 CellsMicrowave assistedArticleLeukemia cell lineAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441Inhibitory Concentration 50chemistry.chemical_compoundlcsh:Organic chemistryselenazole; microwave assisted synthesis; cytotoxicityCell Line TumorOrganoselenium CompoundsCarcinoma CellDrug DiscoveryHumansPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMicrowavesCell ProliferationOrganic ChemistryselenazoleHCT116 CellsCondensation reactionCombinatorial chemistrychemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)Elemental analysisMicrowave heatingcytotoxicityMolecular Medicinemicrowave assisted synthesisMolecules
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