Search results for "Cranial nerve"

Orbital apex syndrome affecting head and neck cancer patients: A case series

2017

Background Orbital apex syndrome (OAS) is a complex and uncommon disorder that typically damages multiple cranial nerves in association with optic nerve dysfunction. OAS is associated with several different pathologies, however; only a few cases have been reported in association with head and neck cancer (HNC) so far. Material and Methods A case series of HNC patients diagnosed with OAS is described including clinicopathological data, image findings, and disease outcome. Results Ptosis and diplopia were diagnosed in four male patients with mean age of 61.2 years who were undergoing treatment for late-stage carcinomas of the tongue, larynx, and nasopharynx, eventually leading to the diagnosi…

Acute respiratory failure onset in a patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome after Legionella-associated pneumonia: a case report.

2014

A 69-year-old white man was admitted because of a clinical history of persistent cough and fever. Chest x-rays showed bilateral lung infiltrates with air bronchograms, whereas the urine antigen test resulted positive for Legionella pneumophila. The next day, he was transferred to the intensive care unit and intubated because of severe renal and respiratory distress. Neurological examination revealed distal weakness and loss of deep tendon reflexes in lower extremities. Nerve conduction studies displayed severe demyelinating sensorimotor polyneuropathy, and plasmapheresis was therefore applied with mild improvement. Few weeks after, dysphagia occurred and electrophysiologic tests showed prog…

Trigeminal Neuralgia and Cerebellopontine‐Angle Lipoma in a Child

2001

Trigeminal neuralgia and cerebellopontine-angle lipomas are very rare in children. We describe the history and findings of an 8-year-old boy with right trigeminal neuralgia and a lipoma detected by magnetic resonance imaging at the level of the root-entry zone of the right seventh cranial nerve. We propose a possible mechanism of infiltration of the trigeminal rootlets by the lipoma.

Isolated voluntary facial paresis due to pontine ischemia

1998

We describe a patient withpatientwith isolated voluntary facial paresis due to a unilateral lacunar lesion in the contralateral mediodorsal middle base of the pons. Transcranial magnetic stimulation confirmed the involvement of supranuclear corticofacial tract fibers and sparing of the corticolin-gual and corticospinal connections. This observation demonstrates that the fibers conveying voluntary orofacial activation descend mediodorsally at the level of the middle pons and that the fibers conveying emotional activation may be assumed to converge below this level.

Uvular paralysis after dental anesthesia

2002

Cranial nerve motor effects resulting from intraoral anesthesia are infrequent but well documented. Facial nerve involvement caused by diffusion of the anesthetic solution towards the parotid can give rise to a transient facial motor defect that tends to disappear as the anesthetic effect wears off.1,2 Facial paralysis lasting for several days has also been related to intraoral anesthesia, possibly due to reflex spasm and ischemic neuritis.1,3 One report described a patient with isolated involvement of the chorda tympani nerve following inferior alveolar injection, associated with dysgeusia.4 Ophthalmologic complications secondary to intraoral anesthesia include transient blindness resultin…

Indication and technique for the reconstruction of nerve defects in head and neck.

1974

Summary Although the results of peripheral nerve repair have been greatly improved in the last years following the introduction of microsurgery and increased application of free autologous nerve transplants, the use of restorative neuroplasty in maxillofacial surgery has been limited. Prompted by the successful reports on modern neuroplasty, we have introduced the use of autologous nerve transplant to bridge lesions of various cranial nerves. Our experience is based on the treatment of traumatic and tumour-induced defects of the facial nerve, inferior alveolar nerve, accessory and lingual nerve. The anastomosis of nerve was accomplished exclusively under the surgical microscope and microsur…

640-Slice CT Measurement of Superior Orbital Fissure as Gateway for Light into the Brain: Statistical Evaluation of Area and Distance.

2016

Objective Our aim was to provide normative data concerning superior orbital fissure area (SOFA), ocular skin and the substantia nigra (D-SS) and orbital fissure and the substantia nigra (D-SOF-S) distances by CT scan in adult Caucasian population. Methods The area of the superior orbital fissure (SOF), the distance between the ocular skin and the substantia nigra and the distance between the superior orbital fissure and the substantia nigra using CT and 3D-CT images. Results Normative data stratified for age and gender were obtained. The data here reported show that some degree of variability in SOFA, D-SS and D-SOF-S measurements can be observed healthy Caucasian subjects. Gender stratifie…

Fortschreitender, einseitiger Visusverlust mit wechselnden unspezifischen Gesichtsfeldbefunden

1997

Interne Ophthalmoplegie: erstes Zeichen einer Kompression des N. oculomotorius?

2010

Seizure in isolated brain cryptococcoma: Case report and review of the literature

2021

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) cryptococcosis is an invasive fungal infection predominantly seen among immunosuppressed patients causing meningitis or meningoencephalitis. Rarely, cryptococcosis can affect immunologically competent hosts with the formation of localized CNS granulomatous reaction, known as cryptococcoma. Common symptoms of CNS cryptococcoma are headaches, consciousness or mental changes, focal deficits, and cranial nerve dysfunction. Rarely, seizures are the only presenting symptom. Case Description: We report the case of an immunocompetent patient with a solitary CNS cryptococcoma presenting with a long history of non-responsive generalized seizure who has been s…