Search results for "Cross-section"
showing 10 items of 2665 documents
Methodological issues in a cross-sectional survey on cervical cancer screening using telephone interviews in Sicily (Italy): a SWOT analysis
2019
Objective A cross-sectional study on knowledge, perceptions, and adherence to cervical cancer screening was conducted using telephone interviews of Sicilian women that were performed in 2016. This study aimed to identify areas that need to be addressed to improve the validity of data collection and to minimize possible biases. Methods We performed a qualitative study through SWOT analysis, which is a multidimensional method based on evaluation of Strengths (S), Weaknesses (W), Opportunities (O), and Threats (T) of the research project. The contents of the SWOT forms underwent categorical, inductive, and deductive data analysis using the long table analysis method. Results The full availabil…
Estudio de la presencia de animales domésticos: gatos y perros, y su papel en el asma, la rinitis alérgica y la dermatitis atópica en niños
2005
Objetivo Describir la prevalencia de asma, rinitis alergica (RA) y dermatitis atopica (DA) en ninos de Valencia y el papel de la presencia de animales (gato y perro) en el domicilio del nino en la presencia de manifestaciones de asma, RA y DA. Diseno Estudio retrospectivo con 2 estudios transversales, uno el primer ano de vida del nino y el segundo en referencia al ano anterior a la realizacion de la encuesta. Emplazamiento Un total de 78 centros de ensenanza, 50 de caracter publico y el resto, privado, ubicados en Valencia. Participantes La poblacion de estudio fue de 4.387 ninos seleccionados mediante un muestreo por cluster representativo del total que cursaba sus estudios. Se establecie…
Potencial sesgo de patrocinio en los análisis coste-efectividad de intervenciones sanitarias: un análisis transversal
2017
Resumen Objetivo Examinar la relación entre la fuente de financiación de los análisis coste-efectividad de intervenciones sanitarias publicados en España y las conclusiones de los estudios. Diseño Estudio descriptivo transversal. Emplazamiento Bases de datos de literatura científica (hasta diciembre de 2014). Participantes (unidad de análisis) Cohorte de análisis coste-efectividad de intervenciones sanitarias publicados en España entre 1989-2014 (n = 223) que presentaran como medida de resultado los años de vida ajustados por calidad (AVAC). Mediciones principales Se establecieron relaciones entre las conclusiones cualitativas de los estudios y el tipo de fuente de financiación utilizando l…
Interpretation of Diagnostic Imaging for Medicolegal Issues
2019
Forensic radiology is a relative recently emergent part of forensic medicine characterized by the application of radiological methods in criminal investigations, such as the forensic M.E’s radiological reports in civil or penal matters for judicial technical advice. The various imaging modalities like X-rays, Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and ultrasonography can be used depending on various forms of cases and their requirements in routine investigations.
Urinary Tartaric Acid, a Biomarker of Wine Intake, Correlates with Lower Total and LDL Cholesterol.
2021
Postmenopausal women are at higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases due to changes in lipid profile and body fat, among others. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of urinary tartaric acid, a biomarker of wine consumption, with anthropometric (weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-height ratio), blood pressure, and biochemical variables (blood glucose and lipid profile) that may be affected during the menopausal transition. This sub-study of the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) trial included a sample of 230 women aged 60–80 years with high cardiovascular risk at baseline. Urine samples were diluted and filtered, and tartari…
Anthropometric and pharmacotherapeutic variables on acute emesis induced by cisplatin-containing chemotherapy.
2000
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the effects of anthropometric and pharmacotherapeutic variables on acute emesis induced by cisplatin-containing regimens with dosages ·50 mg·m−2. METHODS: A prospective, cross-sectional, noncontrolled study was performed to analyze acute vomiting during the first 24 hours in patients treated in a Spanish hospital. The patients received an intravenous combination of drugs (2 doses of metoclopramide 3 mg/kg, dexamethasone 20 mg) as first-choice antiemetic therapy. Intravenous ondansetron 8 mg and dexamethasone 20 mg served as an alternative regimen in patients <30 years old with a history of extrapyramidal manifestations or emesis in previous cycles. Therapeutic …
Immunoglobulin M seropositivity for Toscana virus in a random population sample in Sicily.
2012
Summary Objectives High Toscana virus (TOSV) antibody seropositivity rates have been documented in the last decade, especially in the Mediterranean area. It is unclear if these rates are associated with a recent or past exposure to the virus. This is of importance, as primary infection can cause neurologic complications, especially in adults. The aim of the present study was to assess the current active TOSV circulation in western Sicily. Methods A cross-sectional seroprevalence study was conducted on 271 individuals aged 4–92 years, sampled from the general population of a small city. Each participant completed a self-administered questionnaire and provided serum, which was analyzed for th…
Seroprevalence of and risk factors for Toscana and Sicilian virus infection in a sample population of Sicily (Italy).
2011
Summary Objective The present study aimed to assess seroprevalence of and risk factors for Toscana (TOSV) and Sicilian (SFSV) virus infections in a sample of Sicilian subjects. Methods A cross-sectional seroepidemiological study was conducted on 271 individuals. Each participant completed a self-administrated questionnaire and provided a serum sample which was analyzed for the presence of IgG specific anti-TOSV and anti-SFSV viruses. Results Overall, 90 subjects (33.2%) were positive for TOSV IgG, 25 (9.2%) were positive for SFSV IgG and 11 (4%) were positive for both the viruses. A higher risk for TOSV seropositivity was found in participants who were older (adjOR = 1.02 per year; 95% CI =…
Can influenza vaccination coverage among healthcare workers influence the risk of nosocomial influenza-like illness in hospitalized patients?
2013
Background Approximately 20% of healthcare workers are infected with influenza each year, causing nosocomial outbreaks and staff shortages. Despite influenza vaccination of healthcare workers representing the most effective preventive strategy, coverage remains low. Aim To analyse the risk of nosocomial influenza-like illness (NILI) among patients admitted to an acute care hospital in relation to influenza vaccination coverage among healthcare workers. Methods Data collected over seven consecutive influenza seasons (2005–2012) in an Italian acute care hospital were analysed retrospectively. Three different sources of data were used: hospital discharge records; influenza vaccination coverage…
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Diverse Physical Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-analyses of Observational Studies.
2019
Abstract Background Our aim was to assess both the credibility and strength of evidence arising from systematic reviews with meta-analyses of observational studies and physical health outcomes associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) but not acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Methods We performed an umbrella review of observational studies. Evidence was graded as convincing, highly suggestive, suggestive, weak, or nonsignificant. Results From 3413 studies returned, 20 were included, covering 55 health outcomes. Median number of participants was 18 743 (range 403–225 000 000). Overall, 45 (81.8%) of the 55 unique outcomes reported nominally significant summary results (P < .05). O…