Search results for "Córnea"

showing 10 items of 10 documents

Impacto de la profundidad de implante de anillos intracorneales en córneas ectásicas y su correlación clínica, morfológica y biomecánica

2014

Las ectasias corneales comprenden un grupo de enfermedades cuya característica comun es el adelgazamiento y protusión progresiva de la córnea.La progresión de esta enfermedad conduce inevitablemente a la ceguera de estos pacientes, generalmente jóvenes con vida laboral activa. Ello supone una importante repercusión socioeconómica por la bajas e incapacidad laboral de estos pacientes. Dentro de este grupo encontramos el queratocono, la degeneracion marginal pelucida y la ectasia tras cirugía refractiva, siendo la más frecuente de estas el queratocono. El queratocono suele aparecer en la segunda década de la vida, bilateral, de etiología desconocida, posiblemente multifactorial. Histopatologi…

oftalmologíaUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASanillos intraestromales:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]córnea
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Trasplante de córnea: aspectos bioéticos

2019

Resumen: Este trabajo aborda los aspectos bioéticos del trasplante de córnea, desde la donación y los tipos de la misma, incluyendo el comercio de órganos y tejidos, así como la metodología del trasplante y el uso de tratamientos inmunosupresores, además del consentimiento informado y la participación del paciente en las decisiones. Se analizan las técnicas actuales, la efectividad y las circunstancias en las que se puede aplicar cada una de ellas así como los estudios emergentes basados en la terapia celular. Algunos de los estudios emplean células troncales derivadas de embriones humanos, y otras de tejidos adultos y células troncales pluripotentes inducidas (iPS). Se propone un análisis …

medicine.medical_specialtyHealth (social science)imunossupressãokeratoplastyceratoplastiaTransplantqueratoplastiaCornea32 Ciencias Médicascorneal transplantCorneaOphthalmologymedicinetrasplante de córneadoaçãoimmunosuppressionbusiness.industryHealth PolicyDonaciónCorneal TransplantBioethicsBioethicsDonationCórneamedicine.anatomical_structureDonationTrasplanteinmunosupresiónbusinessBioética
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Medida da profundidade da câmara anterior, distância branco a branco, ângulo da câmara anterior e diâmetro pupilar usando dois dispositivos de imagen…

2014

Purpose: To compare the ocular anterior chamber depth, white-to-white distance, anterior chamber angle, and pupil diameter, as measured with two different Scheimpflug imaging devices. Methods: This transversal study included 80 right eyes from 80 subjects aged from 20 to 40 years. Their spherical equivalents ranged from -4.25 to +1.00 diopters (D). Each eye's anterior chamber depth, white-to-white distance, anterior chamber angle, and pupil diameter, were measured for far vision using both the Galilei G4 (double Scheimpflug camera) and the Pentacam HR (single Scheimpflug camera) systems. Results: Mean anterior chamber depths were calculated as 3.12 ± 0.23 mm and 3.19 ± 0.24 mm when measured…

InterferometriaAnterior chamber/pathologyInterferometryCâmara anterior/patologiaPhotography/methodsFotografia/métodosDiagnostic techniques ophthalmologicalTopografia da córneaCorneal topographyPupil/physiologyPupila/fisiologiaTécnicas de diagnóstico oftalmológico
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Measurements of anterior chamber depth, white-to-white distance, anterior chamber angle, and pupil diameter using two Scheimpflug imaging devices.

2014

Purpose: To compare the ocular anterior chamber depth, white-to-white distance, anterior chamber angle, and pupil diameter, as measured with two different Scheimpflug imaging devices. Methods: This transversal study included 80 right eyes from 80 subjects aged from 20 to 40 years. Their spherical equivalents ranged from -4.25 to +1.00 diopters (D). Each eye's anterior chamber depth, white-to-white distance, anterior chamber angle, and pupil diameter, were measured for far vision using both the Galilei G4 (double Scheimpflug camera) and the Pentacam HR (single Scheimpflug camera) systems. Results: Mean anterior chamber depths were calculated as 3.12 ± 0.23 mm and 3.19 ± 0.24 mm when measured…

InterferometriaAdultAnterior ChamberScheimpflug principlePhotography/methodsPupil diameterIrisPupila/fisiologiaDiagnostic Techniques OphthalmologicalAnterior chamber anglePupilYoung AdultOpticsAnterior chamber/pathologyImaging Three-Dimensionallcsh:OphthalmologymedicineDiagnostic techniques ophthalmologicalPhotographyHumansPentacam hrDioptrePhysicsWhite to whitemedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryPupilGeneral MedicineTécnicas de diagnóstico oftalmológicoCorneal topographyeye diseasesOphthalmologyInterferometryCâmara anterior/patologialcsh:RE1-994Fotografia/métodosTopografia da córneasense organsCorneal topographyPupil/physiologybusinessNuclear medicineArquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia
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Retroespalhamento luminoso das córneas de pacientes com diabete melito dependente e não dependente de insulina: estudo piloto

2017

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare central corneal backscatter obtained from Scheimpflug images between patients with insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM and NIDDM, respectively) and healthy controls. Methods: Seven patients with IDDM (7 eyes), eleven patients with NIDDM (11 eyes), and sixteen healthy subjects (16 eyes) were included in this pilot study. Scheimpflug imaging system (Pentacam, Oculus Inc., Germany) was used to obtain optical sections of the cornea. Seven meridians were analyzed for each eye, oriented from 70° to 110°. Optical density values for the central 3-mm and 5-mm zones of the cornea were obtained by image analysis using external software. Resu…

MaleVisual acuityCorneal Pachymetrygenetic structuresScheimpflug principleVisual AcuityPilot ProjectsDiagnostic Techniques OphthalmologicalCorneal DiseasesCornea0302 clinical medicineDiabetes mellituslcsh:OphthalmologyReference ValuesCorneaMedicineCorneal pachymetrymedicine.diagnostic_testCorneal DiseasesAge FactorsScheimpflug imagingGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedCorneal topographymedicine.anatomical_structureDiabetes mellitus tipo 2Diabetes mellitus tipo 1Femalemedicine.symptomAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyProjetos pilotoStatistics Nonparametric03 medical and health sciencesAnterior Eye SegmentDiabetes mellitusOphthalmologyHumansScheimpflug Topografia da córneaAgedbusiness.industryCase-control studyReproducibility of ResultsDiabetes mellitus type 1Diabetes mellitus type 2medicine.diseaseeye diseasesOphthalmologyPilot projectDiabetes Mellitus Type 1Diabetes Mellitus Type 2lcsh:RE1-994Case-Control Studies030221 ophthalmology & optometrysense organsCorneal topographybusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Implicaciones ópticas y biomecánicas de la instilación de anestesia tópica sobre ojos normales y con queratomileusis intraestromal con láser (LASIK)

2013

La córnea es el elemento refractivo más potente del sistema ocular, ya que proporciona las dos terceras partes del poder dióptrico total del ojo y condiciona en gran medida la calidad de la imagen retiniana. Esta relevancia que presenta la córnea en el proceso de la visión, justifica su caracterización pormenorizada en la consulta oftalmológica, así como su elección como tejido diana en multitud de técnicas quirúrgicas encaminadas a proporcionar la emetropía, técnicas entre las que destaca por su popularidad la queratomileusis intraestromal con láser excímer (LASIK). Dada la densa y compleja inervación que presenta, la instilación de anestesia tópica sobre la superficie ocular resulta una p…

CórneaUNESCO::FÍSICA::Óptica::OptometríaOptometríaTopografíaOftalmologíaLASIKBiomecánica:FÍSICA::Óptica::Optometría [UNESCO]
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Orbscan Pachymetry: Differences between observers when carrying out measurements of the corneal thickness

2005

espanolObjetivo: Estudiar el espesor corneal y la variabilidad entre observadores de las mediciones del espesor corneal empleando paquimetria Orbscan. Metodos: Analizamos el espesor corneal central y paracentral de 30 sujetos (n=30) cuya edad oscilaba entre 19 y 38 anos (media 27,27 D.E. 5,25) con el Sistema Topografico Orbscan II (Orbscan, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT, USA). La media de cinco mediciones consecutivas del espesor corneal fue obtenida por dos diferentes observadores. Los resultados obtenidos por los dos observadores se compararon. Resultados: No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los valores medios del espesor corneal de los observadores en la cornea central (p=0,749…

Physicsmedicine.medical_specialtycorneal thicknessSalt lakeCórneaCorneaOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureOrbscanCorneaOphthalmologymedicinepachymetryOrbscan iiCartographypaquimetríaespesor corneal
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Spectral Transmission of the Human Corneal Layers

2021

Este artículo se encuentra disponible en la siguiente URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/19/4490 Este artículo de investigación pertenece a la sección "Ophthalmology". We have assessed the spectral transmittance of the different layers of the human cornea in the ultraviolet (UV), visible, and near-infrared (IR) spectral ranges. Seventy-four corneal sample donors were included in the study. Firstly, the corneal transmittance was measured using a spectrophotometer. Then, all samples were fixed for histopathological analysis, which allowed us to measure the thickness of each corneal layer. Finally, the absorption coefficients of the corneal layers were computed by a linear model reproducin…

Spectral transmissionmedicine.disease_causeArticleRadiación ultravioleta.OpticstransmittanceCorneacorneaCornea.ultravioletabsorption coefficientTransmittanceMedicineAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Absorption spectra.Espectros de absorción.business.industrylayerRLight absorption.General MedicineSpectral transmittanceCórnea.eye diseasesUltraviolet radiation.medicine.anatomical_structureLuz - Absorción.Attenuation coefficientMedicinesense organsbusinessLayer (electronics)UltravioletJournal of Clinical Medicine
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Lentes de contato corneoesclerais adaptadas em córneas irregulares após cirurgia LASIK

2018

ABSTRACT Purpose: We aimed to describe the outcomes of corneoscleral contact lens fitting with multi-aspherical geometry designs in patients with irregular corneas after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Methods: This was a retrospective series of 18 patients (age, 26-38 years) selected from an eye clinic database. Participants were required to have unsatisfactory visual acuity with their current contact lenses or spectacles after LASIK for myopia correction. All patients were fitted with corneoscleral contact lenses designed to correct corneal surface irregularities. A diagnostic trial set was used for fitting, and assessments were performed according to a standardized methodo…

AdultCorneal surgery laserIntraocular pressuremedicine.medical_specialtyCorneal Wavefront AberrationVisual acuityPaquimetria corneanagenetic structuresIntraocular pressuremedicine.medical_treatmentKeratomileusis Laser In SituVisual AcuityLentes de contatoKeratomileusisCorneal endothelial cell losslaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesCorneal pachymetry0302 clinical medicinePerda de células endoteliais da córneaPressão intraocularlcsh:OphthalmologylawOphthalmologyMyopiaHumansMedicineContact lensesCorneal pachymetryCirurgia da córnea a laserRetrospective Studiesmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryCorneal TopographyLASIKGeneral MedicineContact Lenses HydrophilicCorneal topographyeye diseasesLens (optics)Contact lensOphthalmologylcsh:RE1-994030221 ophthalmology & optometrysense organsmedicine.symptombusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFollow-Up Studies
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Long-Term in vivo Evaluation of Orthotypical and Heterotypical Bioengineered Human Corneas.

2020

Purpose: Human cornea substitutes generated by tissue engineering currently require limbal stem cells for the generation of orthotypical epithelial cell cultures. We recently reported that bioengineered corneas can be fabricated in vitro from a heterotypical source obtained from Wharton’s jelly in the human umbilical cord (HWJSC). Methods: Here, we generated a partial thickness cornea model based on plastic compression nanostructured fibrin-agarose biomaterials with cornea epithelial cells on top, as an orthotypical model (HOC), or with HWJSC, as a heterotypical model (HHC), and determined their potential in vivo usefulness by implantation in an animal model. Results: No major side effects …

0301 basic medicinePathology02 engineering and technology:Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Polysaccharides::Sepharose [Medical Subject Headings]Umbilical cord:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]heterotypical human corneaTissue engineering:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Lagomorpha::Rabbits [Medical Subject Headings]Cornea:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Optical Imaging::Tomography Optical::Tomography Optical Coherence [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals [Medical Subject Headings]:Technology and Food and Beverages::Technology Industry and Agriculture::Manufactured Materials::Biomedical and Dental Materials::Biocompatible Materials [Medical Subject Headings]Slit lamp021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologymedicine.anatomical_structure:Anatomy::Sense Organs::Eye::Anterior Eye Segment::Cornea [Medical Subject Headings]tissue engineeringStem cell0210 nano-technologyBiotechnology:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Blood Proteins::Fibrin [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.medical_specialtyHistologyStromal celllcsh:BiotechnologyBiomedical EngineeringCélulas madre mesenquimatosasBioengineering:Anatomy::Embryonic Structures::Fetus::Umbilical Cord [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Models Animal [Medical Subject Headings]03 medical and health sciencesIn vivolcsh:TP248.13-248.65medicine:Anatomy::Cells::Connective Tissue Cells::Stromal Cells::Mesenchymal Stromal Cells [Medical Subject Headings]:Technology and Food and Beverages::Technology Industry and Agriculture::Engineering::Bioengineering::Cell Engineering::Tissue Engineering [Medical Subject Headings]Wharton’s jelly stem cellsbioengineered corneabusiness.industryTissue engineringeye diseasesEpitheliumCórnea:Anatomy::Cells::Epithelial Cells [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Tissues::Connective Tissue::Wharton Jelly [Medical Subject Headings]030104 developmental biologyIngeniería de tejidossense organsbusinessartificial cornea
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