Search results for "DISCOVERY"

showing 10 items of 4119 documents

Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of 2,3-diaryl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones

2002

Several 1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones bearing a 2,6-dihalophenyl group at C-2 and a variously substituted phenyl ring at N-3 have been synthesized and tested as anti-HIV agents. The results of the in vitro tests showed that some of them proved to be effective inhibitors of HIV-1 replication.

Anti hiv activityAnti-HIV activityAnti-HIV Agents23-Diaryl-13-thiazolidin-4-oneChemistryStereochemistryHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)Pharmaceutical ScienceGeneral MedicineVirus ReplicationRing (chemistry)medicine.disease_causeChemical synthesisIn vitroCell LineThiazoleschemistry.chemical_compoundHIV-2Drug DiscoveryHIV-1NNRTIsLactammedicineHumansIl Farmaco
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Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Impairment After Treatment with Anti-HIV Drugs: Clinical Implications

2011

Thirty years after the discovery of HIV infection, there are numerous antiretroviral drugs that control the disease when administered in a potent combination referred to as Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). This therapy reduces the viral load and improves immune system reconstitution, leading to a significant reduction of HIV-related morbidity and mortality. However, HAART does not completely eliminate HIV, so treatment must continue throughout the patient's life. Prolonged use of HAART has been related to long-term adverse events that can compromise patient health. These deleterious effects have been reported for the majority of antiretroviral drugs and are the most common caus…

Anti-HIV AgentsHIV InfectionsDiseasemedicine.disease_causeAntioxidantsImmune systemRisk FactorsAntiretroviral Therapy Highly ActiveDiabetes mellitusDrug DiscoveryAnimalsHumansMedicineAdverse effectPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationReactive oxygen speciesbusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseMitochondriaDiscontinuationOxidative StresschemistryImmunologyReactive Oxygen SpeciesbusinessViral loadOxidative stressCurrent Pharmaceutical Design
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Synthesis of new 2,3-diaryl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones as anti-HIV agents

2004

Several 2,3-diaryl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones were synthesized and evaluated as anti-HIV agents. The results of the in vitro tests showed that some of them were highly effective inhibitors of HIV-1 replication at 30-50 nM concentrations with minimal cytotoxicity, thereby acting as non-nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs).

Anti-HIV activity23-diaryl-13-thiazolidin-4-oneAnti-HIV AgentsCell SurvivalT-LymphocytesDrug Evaluation PreclinicalPharmaceutical SciencePharmacologyVirus ReplicationStructure-Activity RelationshipDrug DiscoveryStructure–activity relationshipHumansCytotoxicityCell survivalAnti hiv activityMolecular StructureAnti hivChemistryvirus diseasesSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaReverse transcriptaseIn vitroThiazolesViral replicationHIV-2HIV-1NNRTIsReverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
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Biomedical Applications of Polylactide (PLA) and Its Copolymers.

2018

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Anti-Infective AgentPolyestersMicrofluidicsPolyesterPharmaceutical ScienceBiocompatible Materials02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesAnalytical ChemistryPolymerizationlcsh:QD241-441Nanoparticlelcsh:Organic chemistryAnti-Infective AgentsDrug DiscoveryCopolymerHumansPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDrug CarrierBiocompatible MaterialDrug CarriersPolymer scienceTissue Scaffolds010405 organic chemistryChemistryOrganic Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyBone Diseases Infectious0104 chemical sciencesBone Diseases Infectioun/aEditorialMicrofluidicChemistry (miscellaneous)PeptideMolecular MedicineNanoparticles0210 nano-technologyPeptidesHumanMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)
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The Nonvolatile and Volatile Metabolites of Prangos ferulacea and Their Biological Properties

2019

Abstract Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindl. (Fam. Apiaceae), an orophilous species of eastern Mediterranean and western Asia, possesses a number of biological properties that are worthy of exploitation in different fields. Phytochemical investigations revealed the presence of coumarins, prenyl-coumarins, and furano-coumarins as the main constituents of this species, as well as several flavonoids. Among prenyl-coumarins, osthol is a promising apoptotic agent quite selective toward cancer cells. In addition, the essential oils have been extensively investigated, and several chemotypes have been identified. This work reviews the literature on this species published between 1965 and 2018, describes …

Anti-Infective AgentPrangos ferulaceaPharmaceutical Science01 natural sciencesAntioxidantsAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundAnti-Infective AgentslawDrug Discoveryheterocyclic compoundsAnalgesicsbiologyTraditional medicinePhytochemicalprenyl-coumarinsMolecular MedicineAntioxidantfurano-coumarinOstholHumanCoumarinessential oilBiological propertyAnimalsHumansHypoglycemic AgentsVolatile metabolitesEssential oilPharmacologyPrangos ferulaceacoumarinsApiaceaeHypoglycemic AgentChemotypeAnimalPlant Extracts010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryPrangos ferulacea; Apiaceae; coumarins; prenyl-coumarins; furano-coumarinsSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organicabiology.organism_classification0104 chemical sciencesprenyl-coumarin010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryComplementary and alternative medicinechemistrySettore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E ApplicataAnalgesicApiaceaefurano-coumarinsPlanta Medica
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Anti-arthritic activity of a lipophilic woad (Isatis tinctoria) extract

2006

A dichloromethane extract of Isatis tinctoria was tested in the adjuvant-induced arthritis model in rats. The extract (150 mg/kg p. o.) leads to a significant reduction of paw oedema. Radiographic, histological and clinical assessment confirmed reduced damage of cartilage and signs of inflammatory response in comparison to untreated control. No significant differences were observed in the tissular levels of cyclooxygenases 1 and -2, and of inducible nitric oxide synthase in Isatis treated and untreated animals. High dose treatment with Isatis extract for two weeks did not result in macroscopic lesions of the gastric mucosa.

Anti-Inflammatory AgentsAdministration OralPharmaceutical ScienceArthritisPharmacognosyAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionArthritis RheumatoidMicelawDrug DiscoveryGastric mucosamedicineAnimalsEdemaIsatisPharmacologyDose-Response Relationship DrugbiologyTraditional medicinePlant Extractsbusiness.industryMacrophagesOrganic ChemistryIsatisbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseRatsIsatis tinctoriaRadiographyNitric oxide synthaseDose–response relationshipmedicine.anatomical_structureComplementary and alternative medicineRats Inbred Lewbiology.proteinMolecular MedicineFemalePhytotherapybusinessPhytotherapyPlanta Medica
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Inducers of heme oxygenase-1.

2008

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an inducible rate-limiting enzyme which catalyzes group heme into carbon monoxide, iron and bilirubin. In the recent years, HO-1 expression has been reported as an important protective endogenous mechanism against physical, chemical and biological stress. In this regard, induction of this enzyme has shown beneficial effects in several pathologic conditions, such as inflammatory processes, atherosclerosis, carcinogenesis, ischemia-reperfusion systems or degenerative diseases. Complex intracellular signalling cascades mediate the expression of HO-1 in response to external stimuli, Transcription factors, as nuclear factor E2-related factor-2, activator protein-1, and…

Anti-Inflammatory AgentsAntineoplastic AgentsApoptosisAntioxidantsCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundDrug DiscoverymedicineAnimalsHumansEnzyme inducerHemeTranscription factorPharmacologybiologyActivator (genetics)KinaseUp-RegulationHeme oxygenaseBiochemistryMechanism of actionchemistryEnzyme Inductionbiology.proteinmedicine.symptomSignal transductionHeme Oxygenase-1Signal TransductionTranscription FactorsCurrent pharmaceutical design
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Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Molecules: A Pharmacological Expedient to Counteract Inflammation

2008

Carbon monoxide (CO) mediates many of the biological effects that are attributed to heme oxygenase (HO), the enzyme responsible for CO production in mammals. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of HO-1, the inducible isoform of heme oxygenase, have been demonstrated in a variety of disease models and a therapeutic exploitation of this pathway is currently under scrutiny. In this context, the liberation of CO from CO-releasing molecules (CO-RMs) is extremely attractive as these compounds may form the basis of a new class of pharmaceuticals. Recent investigations indicate that HO-1 and CO modulate important processes in chronic inflammation; these include the control of immune respon…

Anti-Inflammatory AgentsContext (language use)InflammationOsteoarthritisPharmacologyRutheniumArthritis RheumatoidDegenerative diseaseImmune systemOsteoarthritisDrug DiscoveryOrganometallic CompoundsAnimalsHumansMedicineInflammationPharmacologyCarbon Monoxidebusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseCarbon monoxide-releasing moleculesHeme oxygenaseOxidative StressImmunologyMetalloproteasesCytokinesmedicine.symptomSignal transductionbusinessHeme Oxygenase-1Signal TransductionCurrent Pharmaceutical Design
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Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Properties ofPoria cocos

2011

Poria cocos (Polyporaceae) is a saprophytic fungus that grows in diverse species of Pinus. Its sclerotium, called fu-ling or hoelen, is used in traditional Chinese and Japanese medicine for its diuretic, sedative, and tonic effects. Various studies of this fungus have demonstrated its marked anti-inflammatory activity in different experimental models of acute and chronic inflammation. It is widely used as a constituent of many preparations in Asian medicine, but the number of research papers on its clinical properties is insufficient for establishing its efficacy and safety from a scientific point of view. In this review, we have compiled all the published data concerning the chemistry, pha…

Anti-Inflammatory AgentsPharmaceutical ScienceAntineoplastic AgentsInflammationBiologyPharmacognosyAnalytical ChemistryImmune systemJapanPolysaccharidesPsoriasisDrug DiscoverymedicineHumansImmunologic FactorsSecretionMedicine Chinese TraditionalPolyporaceaePharmacologyBiological ProductsTraditional medicineOrganic ChemistryPoriamedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationTriterpenesPolyporusComplementary and alternative medicinePhytochemicalMolecular Medicinemedicine.symptomPlanta Medica
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Anti-inflammatory and tight junction protective activity of the herbal preparation STW 5-II on mouse intestinal organoids

2021

Abstract Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disorder, in which recurrent abdominal pain is associated with defecation or a change in bowel habits. STW 5-II is a combination of six medicinal herbs with a clinically proven efficacy in managing IBS. Aim This study aims to establish an in vitro IBS model using mouse intestinal organoids and to explore the anti-inflammatory and tight junction protective activities of the multi-herbal preparation STW 5-II. Methods Intestinal organoids were cultured in 1:1 Matrigel™ and medium domes. Inflammation and tight junction disruption were induced by a cocktail of cytokines (TNFα, IFNγ, IL-1β, IL-6) and bacterial proteins (LPS,…

Anti-Inflammatory AgentsPharmaceutical ScienceInflammationPharmacologyTight JunctionsProinflammatory cytokineIrritable Bowel SyndromeMice03 medical and health sciencesOrgan Culture Techniques0302 clinical medicineWestern blotDownregulation and upregulationDrug DiscoverymedicineOrganoidAnimalsComputer SimulationIntestinal MucosaIrritable bowel syndrome030304 developmental biologyPharmacology0303 health sciencesTight junctionmedicine.diagnostic_testPlant Extractsbusiness.industryNF-kappa Bmedicine.diseaseIntestinesOrganoidsDisease Models AnimalSTAT1 Transcription FactorGene Expression RegulationComplementary and alternative medicine030220 oncology & carcinogenesisZonula Occludens-1 ProteinMolecular MedicineTumor necrosis factor alphaInflammation Mediatorsmedicine.symptombusinessPhytomedicine
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