Search results for "Detectors"

showing 10 items of 2229 documents

Measurements of Silicon Photomultipliers Responsivity in Continuous Wave Regime

2013

We report on the electrical and optical characterization, in continuous wave regime, of a novel class of silicon photomultipliers fabricated in standard planar technology on a silicon p-type substrate. Responsivity measurements, performed with an incident optical power down to tenths of picowatts, at different reverse bias voltages and on a broad (340–820 nm) spectrum, will be shown and discussed. The device temperature was monitored, allowing us to give a physical interpretation of the measurements. The obtained results demonstrate that such novel silicon photomultipliers are suitable as sensitive power meters for low photon fluxes.

Silicon photonicsMaterials scienceSiliconPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryHybrid silicon laserchemistry.chemical_elementSettore ING-INF/02 - Campi ElettromagneticiOptical powerSubstrate (electronics)Settore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsResponsivityOpticsSilicon photomultiplierchemistryOptoelectronicsContinuous waveAvalanche photodiode (APD) photodetector responsivity silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD)Electrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessIEEE Transactions on Electron Devices
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Baseline design of the filters for the LAD detector on board LOFT

2014

The Large Observatory for X-ray Timing (LOFT) was one of the M3 missions selected for the phase A study in the ESA's Cosmic Vision program. LOFT is designed to perform high-time-resolution X-ray observations of black holes and neutron stars. The main instrument on the LOFT payload is the Large Area Detector (LAD), a collimated experiment with a nominal effective area of ~10 m 2 @ 8 keV, and a spectral resolution of ~240 eV in the energy band 2-30 keV. These performances are achieved covering a large collecting area with more than 2000 large-area Silicon Drift Detectors (SDDs) each one coupled to a collimator based on lead-glass micro-channel plates. In order to reduce the thermal load onto …

SiliconCosmic VisionPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsSpectral resolutionSilicon drift detectorVisionAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaCollimatorsObservatoriesFOS: Physical sciencesCollimated lightlaw.inventionSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaOpticsObservatorylawX-raysSpectral resolutionphysics.ins-detInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)PhysicsEquipment and servicesLead glassSensorsbusiness.industryDetectorAntenna apertureAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsCollimatorInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Microchannel platesbusinessAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsastro-ph.IM
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Timing performance of the silicon PET insert probe

2010

Simulation indicates that PET image could be improved by upgrading a conventional ring with a probe placed close to the imaged object. In this paper, timing issues related to a PET probe using high-resistivity silicon as a detector material are addressed. The final probe will consist of several (four to eight) 1-mm thick layers of silicon detectors, segmented into 1 x 1 mm(2) pads, each pad equivalent to an independent p + nn+ diode. A proper matching of events in silicon with events of the external ring can be achieved with a good timing resolution. To estimate the timing performance, measurements were performed on a simplified model probe, consisting of a single 1-mm thick detector with 2…

SiliconMaterials scienceSiliconPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsTransducerschemistry.chemical_elementIntegrated circuitScintillatorTracking (particle physics)Sensitivity and Specificity01 natural sciencesLyso-030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaginglaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingDiodeRadiationCt Spect/Ct Pet/CtRadiological and Ultrasound Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthReproducibility of ResultsEquipment DesignGeneral MedicineImage EnhancementEquipment Failure AnalysisTransducerchemistryPositron-Emission TomographybusinessRadiation Protection Dosimetry
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Solar blind detectors based on AlGaN grown on sapphire

2005

Solar blind detectors have been fabricated based on AlGaN heterostructures grown on sapphire by molecular beam epitaxy or chemical vapour deposition. MSM and Schottky detectors were investigated. High performance devices have been obtained thanks to an optimization of the material crystalline quality (including the suppression of cracks) and of the process. We show that the spectral limitations of MSM detectors are dictated by intrinsic phenomena that are analysed in details while the responsivity and detectivity also depends on the technological process with a special emphasis on the geometry of finger and contact pads. One and two dimensional arrays have been fabricated and preliminary re…

SiliconMaterials sciencebusiness.industryFlame DetectionPhotodetectorsSchottky diodePhotodetectorHeterojunctionultraviolet photodetectorsChemical vapor depositionGallium nitrideSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaPhotodiodelaw.inventionResponsivitylawSapphireDetectivityOptoelectronicsSolar-blind detector UV detector AlGaNbusinessPhotodiodesMolecular beam epitaxyFilms
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Search for Isovector Valence-Shell Excitations in 140 Nd and 142 Sm via Coulomb excitation reactions of radioactive ion beams

2018

Projectile Coulomb excitation experiments were performed at HIE-ISOLDE at CERN with the radioactive ion beams of 140Nd and 142Sm. Ions with an energy of 4:62 MeV/A were impinging on a 1.45 mg/cm2 thick 208Pb target. The γ-rays depopulating the Coulomb-excited states were recorded by the HPGe-array MINIBALL and scattered particles were detected by a double-sided silicon strip detector. Experimental intensities were used for the determination of electromagnetic transition matrix elements. A preliminary result of the B(M1; 2+3 → 2+1) of 140Nd and an upper limit for the case of 142Sm are revealing the main fragments of the proton-neutron mixed-symmetry 2+1;ms states.

SiliconPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsQC1-999chemistry.chemical_elementCoulomb excitation01 natural sciencesIon0103 physical sciencesNuclear Physics - ExperimentNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsCoulomb excitation experimentsPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderIsovectorta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsProjectilePhysicsDetectorchemistryPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsAtomic physicsValence electronydinfysiikkaEPJ Web of Conferences
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The Cryogenic AntiCoincidence detector for ATHENA: the progress towards the final pixel design

2014

“The Hot and Energetic Universe” is the scientific theme approved by the ESA SPC for a Large mission to be flown in the next ESA slot (2028th) timeframe. ATHENA is a space mission proposal tailored on this scientific theme. It will be the first X-ray mission able to perform the so-called “Integral field spectroscopy”, by coupling a high-resolution spectrometer, the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU), to a high performance optics so providing detailed images of its field of view (5’ in diameter) with an angular resolution of 5” and fine energy-spectra (2.5eV@E<7keV). The X-IFU is a kilo-pixel array based on TES (Transition Edge Sensor) microcalorimeters providing high resolution spectroscopy …

SimulationsSiliconWarm–hot intergalactic mediumField of viewOrbital mechanicsOpticsField spectroscopyGalactic astronomyX-raysElectronicAngular resolutionOptical and Magnetic MaterialsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAnticoincidenceImage resolutionSpectroscopyPhysicsSpatial resolutionEquipment and servicesSpectrometerSpectrometersbusiness.industrySensorsApplied MathematicsDetectorComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionCondensed Matter PhysicsATHENAAnticoincidence; ATHENA; Cryogenic detectors; TES; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Applied Mathematics; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringCryogenic detectorsTransition edge sensorbusinessTES
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Solar Surface Magnetism and Irradiance on Time Scales from Days to the 11-Year Cycle

2009

The uninterrupted measurement of the total solar irradiance during the last three solar cycles and an increasing amount of solar spectral irradiance measurements as well as solar imaging observations (magnetograms and photometric data) have stimulated the development of models attributing irradiance variations to solar surface magnetism. Here we review the current status of solar irradiance measurements and modelling efforts based on solar photospheric magnetic fields. Thereby we restrict ourselves to the study of solar variations from days to the solar cycle. Phenomenological models of the solar atmosphere in combination with imaging observations of solar electromagnetic radiation and meas…

Solar minimumSunspotMeteorologyintegumentary systemPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics::Medical PhysicsIrradiancefood and beveragesAstronomy and AstrophysicsSolar maximumAtmospheric sciencesSolar irradianceCoronaSolar cycleSpace and Planetary Sciencebiological sciencesPhysics::Space PhysicsCoronal mass ejectionEnvironmental scienceAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsSpace Science Reviews
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Advanced functionality for radio analysis in the Offline software framework of the Pierre Auger Observatory

2011

The advent of the Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) necessitates the development of a powerful framework for the analysis of radio measurements of cosmic ray air showers. As AERA performs ‘‘radio- hybrid’’ measurements of air shower radio emission in coincidence with the surface particle detectors and fluorescence telescopes of the Pierre Auger Observatory, the radio analysis functionality had to be incorporated in the existing hybrid analysis solutions for fluorescence and surface detector data. This goal has been achieved in a natural way by extending the existing Auger Offline software framework with radio functionality. In this article, we lay out the design, highlights and features …

Source codeAstronomycomputer.software_genre01 natural sciencesObservatoryAuger experimentRadio detectionSOFTWARES (ANÁLISE)Instrumentationcosmic rays; radio detection; analysis software; detector simulationmedia_commonPhysicsPhysicsDetectoranalysis softwareAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGFísica nuclearAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsComputer hardwareNuclear and High Energy Physics[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]media_common.quotation_subjectAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAnalysis softwareDetector simulationCosmic rayAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsCosmic Rayradio detectionNuclear physicscosmic raysRAY AIR-SHOWERS0103 physical sciencesDETECTORSInstrumentation (computer programming)010306 general physicsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Cosmic raysCiencias ExactasNuclear and High Energy PhysicPierre Auger Observatory010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industrydetector simulationFísicaCosmic ray[SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]Software frameworkAir showerExperimental High Energy PhysicsEMISSIONbusinesscomputerMONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS
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A hybrid method for calorimetry with subnanoliter samples using Schottky junctions

2007

A μm-scale calorimeter realized by using Schottky junctions as a thermometer is presented. Combined with a hybrid experimental method, it enables simultaneous time-resolved measurements of variations in both the energy and the heat capacity of subnanoliter samples.

Specific heatPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsChemistryThermometerAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomySchottky diodeThermodynamicsCalorimetryCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectHeat capacityCalorimeterJournal of Applied Physics
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Single-Hemisphere Photoelectron Momentum Microscope With Time-of-Flight Recording

2020

Photoelectron momentum microscopy is an emerging powerful method for angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES), especially in combination with imaging spin filters. These instruments record kx-ky images, typically exceeding a full Brillouin zone. As energy filters double-hemispherical or time-of-flight (ToF) devices are in use. Here we present a new approach for momentum mapping of the full half-space, based on a single hemispherical analyzer (path radius 225 mm). Excitation by an unfocused He lamp yielded an energy resolution of 7.7 meV. The performance is demonstrated by k-imaging of quantum-well states in Au and Xe multilayers. The alpha-square-aberration term (alpha: entrance an…

Spectrum analyzerMicroscopePhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsFOS: Physical sciencesAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopyApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionMomentumOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesInstrumentation010302 applied physicsPhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials Sciencebusiness.industryResolution (electron density)Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Physics - Applied PhysicsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Brillouin zoneTime of flightbusinessExcitation
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