Search results for "Digest"

showing 10 items of 3038 documents

Novel scaffold of natural compound eliciting sweet taste revealed by machine learning

2020

Abstract Sugar replacement is still an active issue in the food industry. The use of structure-taste relationships remains one of the most rational strategy to expand the chemical space associated to sweet taste. A new machine learning model has been setup based on an update of the SweetenersDB and on open-source molecular features. It has been implemented on a freely accessible webserver. Cellular functional assays show that the sweet taste receptor is activated in vitro by a new scaffold of natural compounds identified by the in silico protocol. The newly identified sweetener belongs to the lignan chemical family and opens a new chemical space to explore.

ScaffoldsweetenerComputer scienceIn silicoMachine learningcomputer.software_genre01 natural sciencesAnalytical ChemistryReceptors G-Protein-Coupled0404 agricultural biotechnologysweet tastenatural compoundsHumans[CHIM]Chemical Sciences[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biologysweet taste receptor2. Zero hungerbusiness.industryNatural compound010401 analytical chemistrydigestive oral and skin physiologySweet taste04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral Medicine040401 food scienceChemical space0104 chemical sciences[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrymachine learningSweetening AgentsTasteArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputer[CHIM.CHEM]Chemical Sciences/CheminformaticsFood Science
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Double β Decay and the Axial Strength

2019

Quenching of the weak axial strength gA is discussed and relations of this quenching to the nuclear matrix elements of double beta decays are highlighted. An analysis of Gamow-Teller transitions in the mass range A = 62 − 142 is presented and its results are compared with those of many previous works. The enhancement of the axial charge is discussed for first-forbidden pseudoscalar β transitions. Higher-forbidden β transitions are introduced and their role in determining the effective value of gA is examined, in particular from the point of view of the β-decay half-lives and the shapes of electron spectra of forbidden non-unique β transitions. peerReviewed

Semileptonic decayHigh Energy Physics::LatticeMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Nuclear TheoryBiophysicsGeneral Physics and Astronomydouble beta decay01 natural sciencesDouble beta decay0103 physical sciencesBeta (velocity)Physical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsMathematical PhysicsPhysicsQuenchingRange (particle radiation)Gamow-Teller beta decayta114Electron spectradigestive oral and skin physiologyCharge (physics)electron spectral shapeslcsh:QC1-999quenching of weak axial couplingPseudoscalarenhancement of weak axial chargeforbidden beta decayAtomic physicsydinfysiikkalcsh:Physics
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Acidic Monosaccharides become Incorporated into Calcite Single Crystals*.

2020

Streptococcus suis is an encapsulated bacterium and one of the most important swine pathogens and a zoonotic agent for which no effective vaccine exists. Bacterial capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) are poorly immunogenic, but anti-CPS antibodies are essential to the host defense against encapsulated bacteria. In addition to the previously known serotypes 2 and 14, that are non-immunogenic, we have recently purified and described the CPS structures for serotypes 1, 1/2, 3, 7, 8, and 9. Here, we aimed to elucidate how these new structurally diverse CPSs interact with the immune system to generate anti-CPS antibody responses. CPS-stimulated dendritic cells produced significant levels of C–C moti…

SerotypeChemokineSecondary infectionStreptococcus suisCrystal structure010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysisMicrobiologyCalcium Carbonatechemistry.chemical_compound03 medical and health sciencesImmune systemMonosaccharideTitermax[SDV.IB.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Biomaterials030304 developmental biologychemistry.chemical_classificationCalcite0303 health sciencesMineralsbiology010405 organic chemistryChemistryBiomoleculeOrganic Chemistrycrystal growthMonosaccharidesGeneral ChemistryPolymerbiology.organism_classificationdigestive system diseases3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesbioinspired synthesiX-ray diffractionCalcium carbonateChemical engineeringcarbohydratebiology.proteinAntibodyCrystallizationAcidsBacteriaBiomineralizationMacromoleculeChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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The Beauty of the Commons? Consumers Participation in Food Community Networks

2012

Why are consumers increasingly joining farmers to co-produce and transact sustainable foods world-wide? May these networks be a new tool to promote sustainable practices? As stated by Sandler (2010): “Longitudinal collective action environmental problems are likely to be effectively addressed only by an enormous number of individuals each making a nearly insignificant contribution to resolving them”. Consumers-farmers networks may serve this scope by inducing individual actors to change their preferences towards sustainable products. However participation in these networks is still not well understood. On one hand new institutional economics explains consumers joining farmers in creating a n…

Settore AGR/01 - Economia Ed Estimo Ruraledigestive oral and skin physiologyBusiness Management & OrganisationLife ScienceWASScommunity networksFood Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
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Reuse of almond by-products: Functionalization of traditional semolina sourdough bread with almond skin

2023

Almond production generates large amounts of by-products rich in polyphenols. In this study, almond skin was explored as a valuable food ingredient in bread making. To this purpose, almond skin was used to produce functional products modifying a traditional sourdough bread recipe. The doughs were prepared replacing semolina with powdered almond skin (PAS) at 5 and 10 % (w/w). Sourdough inoculum was started with a mix of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and propagated in semolina until reaching pH 3.7. The pH of PAS added breads was higher than that of control (CTR) breads before and after fermentation. Plate counts showed a similar evolution of LAB and total mesophilic microorganisms, but members…

Settore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeSettore AGR/15 - SCIENZE E TECNOLOGIE ALIMENTARIAlmond by-productsSourdoughIn vitro digestionLactic acid bacteriaFunctional breadOrganoleptic propertiesGeneral MedicineMicrobiologyFood Science
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Sustainable, circular and innovative value chains using growing substrata alternative to peat for the cultivation of nutraceutical species

2019

The modern agricultural system is wasteful, with Europe generating some 700 million tonnes of agricultural and food waste each year. In the context of the agri-food chain, the ‘circular economy’ aims to reduce waste while also making best use of the ‘wastes’ produced by using economically viable processes and procedures to increase their value. In this paper we will try to frame the key issues associated with food waste into the emerging bioeconomy and circular-economic mode, suggesting that these three concepts are intertwined, and considering them unitarily might provide win-win solutions that minimize wastage, promote income growth and job creation, and prompt sustainable local developme…

Settore AGR/09 - Meccanica Agrariabiochar circular economy compost digestate nutraceutical species vermicompost
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Oxidative Status of Goats with Different CSN1S1 Genotypes Fed ad Libitum with Fresh and Dry Forages

2020

Forty late-lactation Girgentana goats were used to study the effect of diets fed ad libitum and &alpha

Settore AGR/19 - Zootecnica Speciale040301 veterinary sciencesPhysiologyClinical BiochemistryOxidative phosphorylationBiologymedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryredox balance0403 veterinary scienceSuperoxide dismutasechemistry.chemical_compoundNEFAAnimal sciencemedicinefresh forageMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationenzymatic antioxidantsCholesterolenzymatic antioxidantGlutathione peroxidaselcsh:RM1-950digestive oral and skin physiologygoat0402 animal and dairy scienceAlbumin04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesCell Biology040201 dairy & animal sciencelcsh:Therapeutics. PharmacologychemistryPolyphenolCSN1S1 genotypegoat; diet; fresh forage; redox balance; enzymatic antioxidantsbiology.proteinCSN1S1 genotype; diet; enzymatic antioxidants; fresh forage; goat; redox balancedietOxidative stressAntioxidants
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A study of the pattern of digestive enzimes in Diplodus puntazzo (Cetti, 1777) (Osteychthyes, Sparidae): evidence for the definition of nutritional p…

2005

The digestive enzymes (proteases, carbohydrases and lipases) present along the alimentary tract of juveniles and adults of Diplodus puntazzo were studied. The data obtained showed a different distribution of the enzymatic activities in the different parts of the alimentary tract. Levels of enzymatic activity in the adults were higher than those measured in juveniles, suggesting that adults have a greater ability to digest larger pieces of food. The enzymatic pattern of D. puntazzo justifies its omnivorous habit and suggests an high potential for digesting vegetable polysaccharides. The results of this study suggest the need to adapt the diet to the digestive potential of this new farming sp…

Settore BIO/07 - EcologiaAdults Digestive enzymes Diplodus puntazzo Juveniles Sharpsnout seabream
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Digestive Enzymes in Larvae and Juveniles of Farmed Sharpsnout Seabream (Diplodus puntazzo) (Cetti, 1777)

2011

The ontogenetic development and pattern of main digestive enzyme activities (proteases, carbohydrases and lipases) were investigated in farmed sharpsnout seabream Diplodus puntazzo larvae and juveniles, during the passage from the larval stage to adult (from 21 to 277 days after hatching - DAH). Larvae showed exponential growth, thus confirming that Rotifers and Artemia nauplii are suitable preys for early feeding of D. puntazzo larvae. Pepsin activity was low in the larvae, but it increased afterwards in relation with stomach development. In juveniles, levels of specific activity of trypsin, chymotrypsin and elastase were lower compared to that recorded in larvae. A decrease in the activit…

Settore BIO/07 - EcologiaLarvabiologyHatchingDiplodus puntazzo Sharpsnout seabream larvae juveniles digestive enzymes protease amylase maltase cellulase lipaseOntogenyfungiZoologyPepsinBiochemistryDigestive enzymebiology.proteinOmnivoreAmylaseMaltaseThe Open Marine Biology Journal
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Produzione e valorizzazione del biogas nei processi di digestione anaerobica

2015

I processi di digestione anaerobica di matrici organiche, seppure necessitino di una impiantistica complessa e di una elevata competenza degli operatori, contrariamente ai processi aerobici, notoriamente energivori, offrono la concreta possibilità di ottenere un consistente ritorno economico mediante il recupero energetico dal biogas che in essi viene prodotto. Le tecnologie disponibili consentono di utilizzare il biogas, dopo una preliminare depurazione, a scopo cogenerativo, ossia per la produzione di energia elettrica e termica contemporaneamente, con rese tali da potere soddisfare gli autoconsumi dell’impianto di produzione stesso e tali da consentire una commercializzazione all’esterno…

Settore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleBiogas valorizzazione digestione anaerobica
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